불확실성에 대한 인내, 부모 위주의 진로기대, 진로미결정 간의 관계에서 역기능적 진로사고의 매개효과

이은설(Lee, Eun Sul),이지연(Lee, Jeeyon) 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2016 교육과학연구 Vol.47 No.4

The purpose of this study was to expand the literature on career indecision by examining the integrative path model that contains personal influence, contextual influence, and cognitive influence on career indecision. To do so, we included direct and indirect paths of ambiguity tolerance, parent-centered career expectations (maternal and paternal expectations, respectively), and dysfunctional career thoughts on career indecision in the path model. Additionally, we hypothesized that dysfunctional career thoughts will mediate the relationship between ambiguity tolerance and career indecision as well as the relationship between parent-centered career expectations and career indecision. Structural equation modeling was performed with a sample of 281 Korean college students. Overall, results supported the hypothesized path model. Ambiguity tolerance, maternal career expectations, and dysfunctional career thoughts were each found to produce significant paths to career indecision. Also, the results revealed that dysfunctional career thoughts partially mediated ambiguity tolerance and career indecision. Dysfunctional career thoughts also mediated the relationship between maternal career expectations and career indecision. The significance of direct and indirect effects was also examined by the bootstrap method. Based on these results, implications of the findings on career counseling and career education were discussed.

사회인지진로이론의 관점에서 본 중고등학교 교사의 직업만족과 삶의 만족

이은설 ( Lee Eun Sul ),신윤정 ( Shin Yun-jeong ) 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 2019 교사교육연구 Vol.58 No.4

본 연구는 사회인지진로이론의 삶의 만족 모형(Lent & Brown, 2008)을 적용하여 중고등학교 교사의 직업만족과 전반적인 삶에 대한 만족과 같이 주관적 안녕감 (subjective well-being)을 설명하는 개인 내 특성 요인, 환경적 요인, 사회인지적 요인을 설정하고 이들 간의 관계를 검토하였다. Lent와 Brown의(2008)의 이론을 토대로 직업 만족이 삶의 만족을 긍정적으로 예측함을 가정하고, 이 두 요인을 설명하는 개인 내 특성으로 긍정 정서, 환경적 요인으로 학교지지와 가족지지, 그리고 사회인지 변인으로 교사효능감과 결과기대를 설정하였다. 이후, 이러한 일련의 변인들이 직업만족을 거쳐 삶의 만족에 미치는 직·간접적 영향을 구조방정식 모형을 통해 검증하였다. 이를 위하여 서울·경기 지역의 중고등학교 교사를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 수집된 412개의 응답 자료를 기초하여 연구모형을 검증하였다. 그 결과 사회인지진로이론의 삶의 만족 모형에 기초한 본 연구의 모형이 한국의 중고등교사의 직업만족과 삶의 만족에 대한 자료를 적절하게 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 연구모형에서 가정한 15개의 경로 중 12개가 통계적으로 유의미했다. 긍정정서는 삶의 만족에 직접적인 정적 효과를 미쳤고, 환경적 요인인 가족지지, 학교지지 및 사회인지적 요인인 교사효능감과 결과기대를 통해 직업만족과 삶의 만족에 영향을 미치는 간접효과도 보였다. 환경 변인으로 설정한 가족지지와 학교지지 모두 교사의 직업만족에 직접 효과를 보였을 뿐 아니라 교사효능감과 결과기대의 매개를 통해 직업만족 및 전반적인 삶에 대한 만족에 영향을 미치는 간접효과를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 중고등학교 교사의 직업만족과 삶의 만족을 높이기 위한 상담개입 및 정책 개선에 대한 함의를 논의하고, 후속 연구에 대해 제언하였다. The present study examined a social cognitive career theory of job and life satisfaction (Lent & Brown, 2006, 2008) in a sample of Korean secondary teachers. Based on Lent & Brown’s well-being model, this study considered positive affect as a individual factor explains one’s well-being, family support and support from school as environmental factors, and teacher self-efficacy and outcome expectations as social cognitive variables that mediate relations among positive affect, environmental factors, and job and life satisfaction. As consistent to Lent and Brown’s model (2006, 2008), we hypothesized direct and indirect effect among these variables and tested the hypothesized model using structural equation modeling. Survey data from 412 teachers who are employed in middle or high schools in Seoul and Kyounggi area were the subject of the current study. The results suggested that the hypothesized model offered an excellent fit for the data, yielding that 12 out of 15 hypothesized path coefficients were significant. The variable of positive affect had a significant positive direct effect on life satisfaction as well as indirect effect via family support, school support, teacher self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and job satisfaction. Family support and school support both had significant positive direct and indirect effect on teachers’ job and life satisfaction. Practical implications of this study and directions for further research were discussed.

의료윤리 교육을 위한 새로운 접근

이은설(Eun Sul Lee),송미숙(Mi Sook Song),임기영(Ki Young Lim),이호영(Ho Young Lee) 한국의학교육학회 1995 Korean journal of medical education Vol.7 No.1

Drawing on our observation that many medical professionals have considerable difficulty in using what they know about ethics, we have developed a course for teaching the fifth year medical students a systematic approach to ethical reasoning and problem-solving, rather than teaching bioethical theories or prominent current ethical issues in developed countries. This course consisted of a series of guided group discussions and debates in classroom using over 50 cases classified under seven major headings. Responses and reactions from students and participating clinicians are encouraging. Several ideas for improving medical ethics curricula are discussed, including emphases on the thorough understanding of various aspects of human relations in medical practice, enhancing the ability of articulate the students own values, provoking the student to get involved in the ethical situation when studying the cases, and the need to introduce social science concepts in analyzing the ethical issues in the health care system.

자기회귀교차지연 모형을 적용한 청소년의 부모애착, 자아존중감, 비행 간의 종단적 관계

조효진(Hyojin Cho),이은설(Eun Sul Lee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2019 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.19 No.17

본 연구의 목적은 청소년의 비행의 종단적 변화를 알아보는 한편 청소년 비행의 예측 및 결과변인으로서 관련되어 연구되어 온 부모애착 및 자아존중감이 종단적으로 어떠한 관련성을 지니는지 알아보는 것이었다. 이를 위해 경기교육종단연구(Gueonggi Education Panel Study)의 패널 자료 중에서 경기도 내 소재한 63개 중학교에 재학 중인 중학교 1학년에서 3학년까지의 시점인 1차년도(2012년)에서 3차년도(2014년) 조사에 참여한 패널 자료를 사용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 연구에 참여한 4,051명(남 2,084명, 여 1,967명)의 자료를 대상으로 학년 변화에 따른 비행, 부모애착, 자아존중감의 변화 양상과 변인 간 관계를 종단적으로 분석하기 위하여 자기회기교차지연 모형을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 청소년기 비행, 애착, 자아존중감 모두 시간의 변화에 따라 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이전 시점의 애착, 자아존중감, 비행은 모두 이후 시점에 지속적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 비행, 애착, 자아존중감 간의 교차지연효과를 분석한 결과 이전 시점에 애착이 높을수록 이후 시점의 자아존중감이 높아지며, 이전 시점에 애착이 높을수록 이후 시점의 비행이 줄어드는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이전 시점의 자아존중감이 높을수록 이후 시점의 애착이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으나, 자아존중감이 비행에 미치는 교차지연효과는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 비행의 경우 이전 시점의 비행은 이후 시점의 애착 및 자아존중감에 부적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 청소년의 비행의 예측 연구에 대해 제언하고 교육 및 상담 장면에서의 개입 방안을 논의하였다. This study explored longitudinal changes of adolescent delinquency and examined predictive effects of parental attachment and self-esteem on adolescent delinquency. Data from the Gueonggi Education Panel Study, which is a three-wave, three-year survey of 4,051 students (2,084 male, 1,967 female) who are enrolled in 63 middle schools in Gueonggi area from 2012 (first wave) to 2014 (third wave) were used. Autoregressive Cross-Lagged model was implemented to explore changes in adolescent delinquency, self-esteem, and parental attachment as well as associations among these variables. Results suggested that adolescent delinquency, self-esteem, and parental attachment had significant effect on subsequent adolescent delinquency, self-esteem, and parental attachment, respectively. In addition, there were longitudinal relations among delinquency, self-esteem, and parental attachment. Previous parental attachment predicted subsequent self-esteem in positive direction as well as subsequent delinquency in negative direction. However, although previous self-esteem had significant impact on subsequent parental attachment positively, previous self-esteem did not affect subsequent delinquency. Previous delinquency predicted subsequent parental attachment and self-esteem in negative direction. Based on these results, we discussed future directions for research in adolescent delinquency and practical implications for education and counseling.

대학생용 계층차별주의 태도 척도 개발 및 타당화

신윤정(Yun-Jeong Shin),김은하(Eunha Kim),이은설(Eun Sul Lee) 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구는 사회경제적 계층에 대한 고정관념과 편견을 측정하는 한국판 대학생용 계층차별주의 태도 척도를 개발하고 타당화하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 연구 1에서는 관련 문헌, 대학생들 대상으로 한 개방형 설문지 자료를 수정된 합의적 질적 연구 방법으로 분석한 결과 및 전문가 자문을 토대로 주요 구인과 초기예비문항을 제작한 후 440명의 대학생을 대상으로 탐색적 요인분석과 신뢰도 분석을 실시하였다. 다음으로 연구 2에서는 400명의 대학생을 대상으로 총 14문항에 대해 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였고, 그 결과 연구 1에서 도출된 상향 계층차별주의 태도와 하향 계층차별주의 태도의 2개 요인이 자료에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 신뢰도 및 타당도 검증 결과, 높은 수준의 검사-재검사 신뢰도와 더불어, 연령, 주관적 계층, 정당한 세상에 대한 일반적인 믿음, 부정 정서(우울, 불안), 적대감과의 유의미한 상관관계를 통해 준거타당도가 확인되었다. 또한, 연령, 주관적 계층, 가정의 총수입, 및 정당한 세상에 대한 일반적 믿음 외에 K-CAS가 추가적으로 부정정서(우울, 불안) 변량의 5%를 설명하여 증분타당도도 확인되었다. 본 연구는 향후 국내에서 계층차별주의 관련 개입 및 예방 연구 및 프로그램 개발 등에 활용 할 수 있는 도구를 개발하고 타당화하였다는 점에서 주요 시사점이 있다. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Korean version of the Classism Attitude Scale for college students (K-CAS) that measures stereotypes and prejudices about socioeconomic class(SES). In study 1, preliminary items were developed through reviewing classism related theories and literatures, analyzing qualitative data by using Consensus Qualitative Method-modified(CQR-M) and getting experts’ consultation. With 440 college students data, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted with 14 items in study 1. In study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis and validity analysis were conducted with 400 college students. As a result, two factor structures, upper classism attitude and downward classism attitude, were confirmed. With the higher level of test-retest reliability, the criterion validity was confirmed by the significant correlations among age, subjective SES, the general belief in a just world, negative affects (depression and anxiety), hostility, and K-CAS. The incremental validity was also confirmed that K-CAS scores significantly accounted for 5% of total variation in scores of negative affects(depression and anxiety) in addition to the variables, such as age, subjective SES, house income, and the general belief in the just world. The result of this study is significant in that the developed and validated K-CAS in this study can be a useful tool for further research and prevention and intervention program development related to classism.

ICHON RESURVEY

Tai Hwan Kwon(權泰煥),Hae Young Lee(李海英),Eun Sul Lee(李殷卨) 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 1977 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.6 No.-

청소년용 여성 진로장벽 척도의 잠재평균분석

홍세희(Se Hee Hong),황매향(Mae Hyang Hwang),이은설(Eun Sul Lee) 한국교육심리학회 2005 敎育心理硏究 Vol.19 No.4

한국인의 자살(1965-1988)

이호영,이은설,신승철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1990 신경정신의학 Vol.29 No.4

Recognizing the problem of under-reporting of suicide on death certificates, this study analyzes suicide data from police investigation records for the last twenty years. About two times more suicide deaths are reported to the police than in the vital registration system. Although one may expect to see a rise in suicide mortality due to improved reporting during the period of economic development, the police statistics clearly show a steady decline since 1975. The trends are examined based on directly standardized suicide mortality rates. The rate fluctuated at a high level(30 per 100,000 ; 40 for males and 18 for females) during early period of economic development(1965-1975) and declined steadily to 15 per 100,000 in 1988(20 for males and 9 for females). The decline is more dramatic in the standardized rates than in the crude rates, indicating that the declining birth rate is masking falling suicide rate. The decline is evident in all ages with a marked drop in ages 20-50. The gender differences in suicide mortality seem consistent over time but the lethal means of committing suicide are changing. Although the use of firearms is rare, poisoning by medical substance or chemicals accounts for about 50 percent of suicide deaths. However, the role of poisoning is waning as lethal chemicals are less readily accessible to the public, whereas strangulation and suicide by domestic gases are increasing. Although methodological problems are inherent in using police records, our analyses suggest that the suicide mortality rate had declined in Korea in recent years. This will provide an opportunity to study factors influencing the change. Further analyses of police statistics by geographic characteristics and an examination of relationship between suicide and homicide and accidents would be helpful in unraveling important psychiatric and public health implications.

북한탈북자들의 남한사회 적응에 관한 연구

전우택,민성길,이만홍,이은설 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.1

The authors interviewed with 21 North Korean defectors who defected from North Korea in 1990-1995 and investigated their adjustment to South Korean society. The main categories of their problems in adjustment were a poor social network, financial difficulties, problems in social competency, problems resulting from their indoctrinated way of thinking, some psychological problems such as excessive self-consciousness and guilty feelings, and some social-structural problems such as poor education system in the government shelter. But, generally speaking, inspite of their problems, they have adjusted to South Korea society rather successfully. In the view of short term adjustment, the reasons for their success were thought to be the characteristics and merits of a capitalistic economy ; their compliant personalities resulting from an educational system that emphasized obedience to authority and Kim Il Sung ; and the dualism of North Korean life. Four points were discussed to assist a successful adjustment in the long term; Fostering of the ability to make individual choices with internal principles, overcoming a judgemental, moralizing attitude, overcoming of overfull thought-centered attitude and rebounding thought-lacking attitude, overcoming the effect of negative collectivism. Three things have been suggested to foster their healthy adjustment ; development and running of resocialization program for the each period of settlement ; building up a network of accessible support organizations who work for the adjustment of defectors ; systemic studies of North Korean people and defectors for the successful adjustment to unified Korean society. It is said that the division of Korean people has been the most tragic thing happen to Korea. But there can be a greater tragedy and that would be the unification of land but not the unification of people. Failure to understand the real problems of the North Korean population can potentially produce conflicts and confusion which can only lead to further re-division and greater tragedy. It is very important to study the adjustment to problems of North Korean defectors to help prepare for the unification of the Korean people.

강화도 정신과 역학 연구(Ⅲ) : 주요 정신질환의 평생유병률 Lifetime Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders

이호영,남궁기,이만홍,민성길,김수영,송동호,이은설,Roberts, Robert 大韓神經精神醫學會 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.6

The Kangwha Psychiatric Epidemiologic Survey, a first step of Kangwha Mental Health project, was conducted using the Korean version of NIMH-Diagnostic Interview Schedule ⅢA which was developed by us. Subjects was selected according to single stage random cluster sampling and 1,450 interviewes were completed. The results of lifetime prevalence were as follows : 1) Alcohol use disorder(26.7%), Pathologic gambling(6.2%) and generalized anxiety disorders(5.95%) were the three most prevalent disorders. 2) Alcohol use disorder was more prevalent in male(49.44% & 2.93%) while generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive episode were more in female. 3) The lifetime prevalence rates of major depressive episode and obsessive-compulsive disorder were decreased as age growing older, but dysthymia, generalized anxiety disorder and cognitive impairment increased. 4) The lifetime prevalence rates of almost all disorders were generally more prevalent in married group than in unmarried group. 5) Alcohol use disorder and cognitive impairment were more prevalent in the group of agriculture than in the group of other occupation. 6) The lifetime prevalence rates of all disorders, except alcohol use disorder, in our study were generally lower than those in other studies.