진수원(陳修園)의 표본중기(標本中氣) 이론(理論) 활용에 관한 연구 - 『상한론천주』를 중심으로 -

이상협,Lee, Sang-Hyup 대한한의학방제학회 2017 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

Objective : Zhang zhi-cong insisted the theory related to the 'Six-meridian qi transformation', and Zhen xiu-yuan inherited that theory understanding six-meridian disease of "Shang-Han-Lun". This emphasizes that the disease of 'three yin and three yang' in "Shang-Han-Lun" is a disease caused by Six-meridian qi transformation, not a lesion of meridian itself. He said, "If you do not know brightly in the 'Tip, Root and Middle qi', you can not read the "Shang-Han-Lun"." Therefore, in this paper, we examine the interpretation of the "Shang-Han-Lun"by using the theory of 'five circuits and six qi'. Method : First, extract sentences related to 'Tip, Root and Middle qi' from the sentences of "Shang-Han-Lun" Second, the sentence is interpreted through the Zhen xiu-yuan's "Sang han lun qian zhu". Third, the meaning of the sentence is examined and summarized. Result : Zhen xiu-yuan proposed a clear and systematic theory that can understand the meaning of Six-meridian in "Shang-Han-Lun", by utilizing the discipline that 'Tip, Root and Middle qi' Conclusion : The change of 'Tip, Root and Middle qi' is a very central theory that explains the properties of 'Yin and Yang' and mutual correspondence among Korean medicine theories. It also provides basic directions for understanding the changing patterns of disease.

칸디다 맥락망막염에 합병된 맥락막신생혈관에서 유리체강내 베바시주맙 주입술 치료

이상협,이정욱,신용운,이병로,Sang Hyup Lee,MD,Jung Wook Lee,MD,Yong Un Shin,MD,PhD,Byung Ro Lee,MD,PhD 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.7

<b>Purpose:</b> To report a case of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to candida chorioretinitis initially treated with an intravitreal bevacizumab injection. <b>Case summary:</b> A 50-year-old female presented at our clinic with decreased vision and metamorphopsia in her left eye of 5 days duration. She received an anti-fungal treatment 2 months prior due to the presence of endogenous candida choroiditis in both eyes. Fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed juxtafoveal CNV in her left eye. Three monthly intravitreal injections of bevacizumab were administered as the initial loading dosage. Her visual symptoms improved and CNV regression was observed on OCT. No recurrence or complications were observed during the 6 month follow-up. <b>Conclusions:</b> Based on the present study results we suggest that intravitreal bevacizumab injection can be used to effectively treat CNV and improve visual symptoms during the treatment of juxtafoveal CNV associated with candida choroiditis. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(7):1106-1110

데이타베이스 튜닝을 위한 로그 분석 도구

이상협,김성진,이상호,Lee, Sang-Hyup,Kim, Sung-Jin,Lee, Sang-Ho 한국정보처리학회 2004 정보처리학회논문지D Vol.11 No.5

Database logs contain various information on database operations, but they are used to recover database systems from failures generally. This paper proposes a log analysis tool that provides useful information for database tuning. This tool provides users with information on work-load organization, database schemas, and resources usages of queries. This paper describes the tool in views of its architecture, functions, implementation, and verification. The tool is verified by running the TPC-W benchmark, and representative analysis results are also presented. 데이타베이스 시스템의 로그는 데이타베이스에서 수행된 연산에 관한 다양한 정보를 기록하고 있으나, 주로 장애시의 시스템 복구용으로 사용되고 있다. 본 논문은 데이타베이스 튜닝에 도움이 되는 내용을 제공하는 로그 분석 도구를 제안한다. 본 도구는 사용자에게 로그 분석을 통해 데이타베이스에 수행되는 워크로드 구성, 데이타베이스 스키마 특징, 질의의 자원 사용 상태를 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 개발된 로그 분석 도구의 구조, 특징적 기능, 구현, 검증절차 등을 기술한다. 본 로그 분석 도구의 검증은 TPC-W 벤치마크를 이용하여 수행하였으며 주요 분석 결과를 보인다.

論文(론문) : 關闔樞(관합추)와 標本中氣(표본중기) 從化規律(종화규율)의 相關性(상관성)에 관한 硏究(연구)

이상협 ( Sang Hyup Lee ) 대한한의학원전학회(구 대한원전의사학회) 2013 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.26 No.4

A study on the relationship between ‘Lock, Door and Axis’ with the principal of following to the ‘Tip, Root and Middle qi’Lee Sang-Hyup1 *1Dept. of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Dong Eui University Objective: I would like to study the relationship between the theory of ‘Lock, Door and Axis’ with the principal of following to the ‘Tip, Root and Middle qi’ in Huang-Di-Nei-Jing. It can be analysed from the relativeness among the sentences to appearing in Shang-Han-Lun. And consider the theoretical relationship of the two books. Method: First, I search out the exact meaning of ‘Lock, Door and Axis’ theory. Second, The principal of following to the ‘Tip, Root and Middle qi’ is closely associated with ‘Lock, Door and Axis’ theory. Third, I would like to prove that the several sentence in the Shang-Han-Lun are closely related to the Huang-Di-Nei-Jing. Result: Zhang Zhong-jing`s Shang-Han-Lun quote a theoretical basis in the Huang-Di-Nei-Jing. Furthermore, it extensively quote to explan a disease and treatment, and so on. Conclusion: It is necessary to study hard the Huang-Di-Nei-Jing for understand clearly the sentences of Shang-Han-Lun. I think that Huang-Di-Nei-Jing have a decisive effect on the Zhang Zhong-jing`s thinking to the disease and his medical theory. Key Words: ‘Lock, Door and Axis’(關闔樞), ‘Tip, Root and Middle qi’(標本中氣), Shang-Han-Lun, Yangming disease(陽明病), Reverting yin disease(厥陰病).

논문편 : 선물증여의 (膳物贈與) 개념에 관한 이론적 고찰

이상협,박명희 ( Sang Hyup Lee,Myung Hee Park ) 대한가정학회 1992 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.30 No.3

난치성 녹내장에서 아메드 방수유출장치 삽입술의 효과

이상협,마경탁,홍영재,Sang Hyup Lee,M,D,Kyung Tak Ma,M,D,Young Jae Hong,M,D 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of Ahmed valve implantation as a primary or secondary glaucoma surgery to treat refractory glaucoma patients. Methods: A total of 101 eyes of 101 patients with refractory glaucoma, who received Ahmed valve implantation between March 1995 to September 2004 were included. We divided cases into primary surgery group, who had no trabeculectomy, and secondary surgery group, who had trabeculectomy before Ahmed valve implantation. Successful operation was defined as having the following outcomes: (1) postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) sustained between 5 and 21mmHg and reduced 30% from the baseline IOP with or without medication, (2) no visual decline due to IOP or complications, and (3) no additional filtering surgery. Clinical records were reviewed, and IOP, antiglaucoma medications, and complications were recorded. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate the overall probability of success. Results: In primary surgery group, overall success rate was 57.6%, 46.7%, 39.7%, and 39.7% at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years, respectively. In secondary surgery group, overall success rate was 67.8%, 58.1%, 52.4%, and 43.5% at the same time points. There was, however, no statistical difference in success rates between two groups. The incidence of complications were as follows: 4.2% of endophthalmitis, 4.2% of valve exposure, 4.2% of hypotony was found in the primary surgery, and 3.8% of endophthalmitis, 1.9% of valve exposure, 9.4% of hypotony were found in the secondary surgery. There were no statistical differences in the incidences of complications between the two groups. Conclusions: Ahmed valve implantation was effective for IOP control in refractory glaucoma patients. Success rate did not show significant difference between primary and secondary Ahmed valve implantation group.

반복각막진무름 후 혼합 세균각막염 1례

이상협,김태임,정소향,정재림,정성근,김응권,Sang Hyup Lee,Tae-im Kim,So Hyang Chung,Jae Lim Chung,Sung Kun Chung,Eung Kweon Kim 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

Purpose: We report a case of keratitis of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus in a recurrent corneal erosion patient. Methods: A 29-year-old female patient was referred to our clinic for an intractable corneal ulcer in her left eye. Results: Her best corrected visual acuity in her left eye was 10/400 and the cornea showed a 2×2 mm corneal infiltration at the 6 o’clock position along with endothelial plaque. Initially, 5% cefazolin, 1.4% tobramycin, 3.3% vancomycin, and 0.125% amphotericin were administered every 2 hours, and Natacyn? was administered every 4 hours, but corneal infiltration was still aggravated. After nine days of medical treatment, the advancement of the conjunctival flap was performed. The lesion had not improved, and corneal scrape and culture were repeated. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus were identified. Treatment with clindamycin and Cravit?, to which isolated organisms are susceptible, was started, and the lesion improved. During the treatment, her right eye showed a painful epithelial defect in the morning, and a few days later recurrent corneal epithelial bullae developed in her left eye. She was diagnosed with recurrent corneal erosion in both eyes. The infection lesion improved by using 2% clindamycin and Cravit?, but the corneal bullae were not controlled, and therefore all eyedrops gradually tapered. After the cessation of eyedrops, corneal epithelial bullae disappeared. When she visited our clinic 12 days after discharge, her vision was 20/30 and her corneal lesion had improved completely.

상시조사 교통량 자료의 결측 보정에 관한 연구

이상협,신재명,Lee, Sang Hyup,Shin, Jae Myong 대한토목학회 2013 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.33 No.5

Traffic volumes are the important basic data which are directly used for transportation network planning, highway design, highway management and so forth. They are collected by two types of collection methods, one of which is the continuous traffic counts and the other is the short duration traffic counts. The continuous traffic counts are conducted for 365 days a year using the permanent traffic counter and the short duration traffic counts are conducted for specific day(s). In case of the continuous traffic counts the missing of data occurs due to breakdown or malfunction of the counter from time to time. Thus, the diverse imputation methods have been developed and applied so far. In this study the applied exponential smoothing method, in which the data from the days before and after the missing day are used, is proposed and compared with other imputation methods. The comparison shows that the applied exponential smoothing method enhances the accuracy of imputation when the coefficient of traffic volume variation is low. In addition, it is verified that the variation of traffic volume at the site is an important factor for the accuracy of imputation. Therefore, it is necessary to apply different imputation methods depending upon site and time to raise the reliability of imputation for missing traffic values. 교통량은 교통망 계획, 도로 설계, 도로 관리 등에 직접적으로 활용되는 중요한 기초자료이다. 교통량은 고정식 교통량조사 장비를 설치하여 연속적인 자료를 수집하는 상시조사와 특정일을 조사하는 수시조사로 구분되어 조사되고 있다. 상시조사의 경우 조사 지점에 설치되어 있는 장비의 고장이나 오작동 등으로 인하여 교통량 자료의 결측이 발생하며, 이러한 결측을 보정하기 위하여 다양한 방법이 적용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 결측 발생일 전 후의 자료를 활용하는 응용 지수평활화법을 제안하였으며, 평가 결과 교통량 변동계수가 낮은 경우 보정의 정확성이 제고됨을 알 수 있었다. 게다가 지점의 교통량 변동성이 결측 보정의 정확성에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인으로 작용한다는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 교통량 결측 보정의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해서는 지점별-시기별 결측 보정 방법이 달리 적용되어야 할 것이다.

무증상안의 형광안저촬영에서 관찰되는 주변부망막의 혈관성 형광누출

이상협,신용운,이병로,고명규,Sang Hyup Lee,Yong Un Shin,Byung Ro Lee,Myung Kyoo Ko 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.7

<b>Purpose:</b> To report peripheral vascular retinal leakage findings of asymptomatic eyes based on fluorescein angiography, and investigate the associated factors. <b>Methods:</b> Data were collected retrospectively from 47 subjects (94 eyes) and the peripheral leakage results based on fluorescein angiography were analyzed. The relationship between peripheral leakage findings and other factors including- arm-retinal circulation time (ARCT) and venous filling time (VFT), refractive error, age, hypertension, and diabetes- was evaluated. <b>Results:</b> Ten eyes had peripheral leakage (21.3%). The mean age was 34.7 ± 7.86 years in the non-leakage group and 44.3 ± 9.63 years in the leakage group; the difference between the groups was statistically significant (<em>p</em> = 0.001). The mean spherical equivalent was -2.85 ± 2.71 diopter in the non-leakage group and -3.46 ± 3.62 diopter in the leakage group; the difference between the groups were not significant (<em>p</em> = 0.471). The mean ARCT was 10.50 ± 2.06 seconds in the non-leakage group and 11.76 ± 2.47 seconds in the leakage group; the difference between the groups was statistically significant (<em>p</em> = 0.041). The mean VFT was 9.70 ± 1.91 seconds in the non-leakage group and 10.75 ± 1.40 seconds in the leakage group; the difference between the groups was statistically significant (<em>p </em>= 0.048). <b>Conclusions:</b> Peripheral leakage can be found in asymptomatic eyes. Age, VFT, and ARCT were correlated to peripheral leakage findings based on angiography. These leakage findings were thought to be related with histological properties and physiological changes in peripheral retina. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(7):1017-1023

헝가리 의례 문화에 나타난 민간 신앙 요소 연구

이상협(Lee, Sang-Hyup) 아시아·중동부유럽학회 2004 동유럽발칸학 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구는 실제 현지 조사에 바탕을 둔 헝가리 전문 민속학자들의 구체적인 조사 연구 결과물들을 토대로 하여 이를 종합하고 재분류, 분석 그리고 해석하는 방식을 택하였으며, 의례 문화의 연구 대상으로는 인간의 ‘인생고비(life crises)’에 수반되는 의식으로서 “통과 의례 (rites of passage)" 에 해당되는 의식 중에서도 가장 중요하고 또한 ‘분리 의례’, 전이 의례’,‘통과 의례’의 요소가 두드러지게 나타나는 출생 의례, 결혼 의례, 장례 의례를 중심으로 하여 조사 연구하였다. 민간 신앙에 관하여서는 헝가리 관련 학계의 다양한 연구 내용을 조망하여 헝가리 민간 신앙을 요약 개괄하는 내용을 제시하여 의례 문화와의 관계를 파악할 수 있도록 하였다. 특히 헝가리 인들은 언어의 독특함과 함께 민족 이동 과정을 통해 여러 상이한 문화권과 접하여왔으므로 유럽 내에서도 이국적이며 많은 이질적인 요소가 있는 것으로 간주되며, 헝가리 인들의 고대 신앙 및 민간 신앙 역시 이러한 특성을 반영하고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 세부적으로는 민간 신앙과 기독교 특히 기독교 수용 이전과 이후의 상황에 따른 관계를 살펴보았고, 민간 신앙에 기초한 전통적 세계관, 생과 사, 육신과 혼(魂) 그리고 인간에 대한 의식을 조사하였다. 의례 문화 즉 통과 의례는 다수의 헝가리 인들이 행하는 기본적인 의례 의식을 중심으로 개괄하여나갔다. 이에 있어서도 생의 주요 단계와 관련 된 출생의례, 결혼 의례 그리고 장례 의례를 민간 신앙의 관점에서 조망하여 조사하였다. 한 민족의 전통 관습과 의례 문화를 민간 신앙의 관점을 통해 조명한다는 것은 방대한 작업을 요구하는 것일 뿐 아니라, 지역적 편차도 크게 나타날 수 있고, 현대 과학과 기술 문명사회에서는 전통 관습과 의례 그리고 민간 신앙이 점차로 그 의미를 잃어가고 있는 추세이기 때문에 본 연구에서는 헝가리 인들의 전통 의례 문화와 민간 신앙에 관한 핵심적 맥락과 관계를 조명하는 것으로 목표를 삼고, 학술적으로도 논란이 되고 있거나 세부적인 지역적 편차나 차이 및 다양성 등은 필요한 경우에는 참고문헌을 제시하는 것으로 대신하였다 민간 신앙에 나타난 세계관과 우주 만물에 대한 인식 역시 하나의 통일된 틀과 모습을 갖추고 있다고는 볼 수 없겠으며, 민간 신앙에 기초한 의례 의식 역시 완전하게 재구성하기는 어렵고 다만 그 흔적과 자취를 찾아내어 볼 수는 있었다. 역사의 소용돌이 속에서 고대 신앙 및 민간 신앙은 변형되고, 다양한 종교와 문화를 접하며 계속적으로 새로운 모습으로 바뀌어 원래의 모습을 완벽하게 추출해낸다는 것은 헝가리의 전문 학자들에게도 거의 불가능한 작업으로 여겨지겠지만, 관련 연구 자료들을 통해 ‘헝가리인의 전통 의례 문화와 민간 신앙’을 고찰해보는 본 연구 시도를 통해서 전래 풍습과 민속 문화를 좀 더 쉽게 이해하는데 도움이 될 수 있으리라고 보며, 또 가돌릭, 칼빈교, 루터교 등의 기독교적 시각에서의 의례 문화 연구 결과를 결합하면 보다 더 완벽한 체계를 갖춘 헝가리 인들의 의례 문화를 밝혀낼 수 있을 것이다. 헝가리의 전통 문화와 사고는 아직까지도 우리에게는 생소한 점이 많지만, 이 조사 연구를 통해 나타나고 있듯이 헝가리 인들의 고대 샤머니즘에 바탕을 둔 세계관과 전통 의례 의식의 자취는 전혀 낯설다는 느낌을 주지는 않으며, 헝가리 민중의 의식과 민족 문화에 대한 접근을 보다 더 용이하게 그리고 바론 길로 들어서게 하는 데 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다. This study combines, reclassifies, analyzes and interprets the concrete results of fieldwork research conducted by the Hungarian folklorists. It addresses birth rites, wedding rites and funeral rites that are the most important rites of passage which accompany every life crisis and, at the same time, the most representative rites of separation, transition and incorporation, respectively. The thesis also draws on various academic research resources in Hungary to provide a summary of the Hungarian folk belief, enabling the understanding of its correlation with the Hungarian rituals. In particular, Hungarian culture is considered as exotic and disparate in Europe as Hungary has a unique language and interacted with various diverse cultural groups during the national movement. Likewise, ancient and folk beliefs of Hungary are found to have reflected such disparity. In detail, the thesis reviews the relation between folk beliefs and Christianity before and after the introduction of Christianity and addresses the traditional world view and the conceptions of life and death, body and spirit, and human beings. And it examines the basic, major life change ceremonies done by the majority of Hungarians which accompany birth, marriage, and death from the viewpoint of the Hungarian folk beliefs. Looking into the traditional customs and rituals of a people from the standpoint of folk beliefs requires an extensive research but it may result in geographic variation. Furthermore in a modern science and technology based society, such traditional customs, rituals and folk beliefs continue to lose their meanings. Therefore the thesis investigates the context and correlation between the traditional rituals and folk beliefs of Hungary. For controversial findings , geographic variation or diversity, a list of references is presented. The views on the world and the universe found in folk beliefs are not consistent in their form and content and it is difficult to perfectly reproduce the folk belief-based rituals. Even Hungarian scholars are not able to pick out the original features of the traditional and folk beliefs that have continued to change in the swirl of history and during the interaction with diverse religions and cultures. Still, it is possible to find out their traces and vestiges. This thesis contemplates』 the traditional rituals and folk beliefs of the Hungarian people 『through relevant research sources to help better understand the traditional customs and folklore. Combined with the studies on the rituals conducted from the Christian perspectives of Catholic, Calvin and Lutheran Church, it will enable more systematic analysis of the Hungarian rituals. Traditional Hungarian culture and the way of thinking is still unfamiliar to us, but, as this study shows, the traces of their traditional rituals and world view based on ancient shamanism are not strange for us at all, providing an easy but the right access to the Hungarian spirit and folklore.