http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
국내 하천에 분포하는 ampicillin 내성균의 다양성
고은별,정인영,김혁,석광설,김벼리,유용재,장예진,채종찬,Go, Eun Byeul,Chung, In-Young,Kim, Hyuk,Seok, Kwang-Seol,Kim, Byeori,Yoo, Yong-Jae,Jang, Yejin,Chae, Jong-Chan 한국미생물학회 2015 미생물학회지 Vol.51 No.4
임상과 자연환경에서 발견되는 항생제내성균의 문제는 보건학적 관심의 대상이 되고 있으며 환경 중의 미생물은 항생제 내성유전자 확산의 한 요인으로 판단되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 하천 7지점으로부터 분리한 배양성 ampicillin 내성균의 다양성을 조사하였다. 분리된 498종의 세균들 중에서 Aeromonas와 Acidovorax 속의 내성균 분포가 가장 높았으며, 66%의 분리균들이 조사된 14종의 항생제 중 6종 이상의 항생제에 내성을 나타내었다. 그리고 7종의 항생제에 내성을 보이는 비율이 19.7%로 가장 높았다. 또한 항생제감수성 조사 결과를 바탕으로, 분포율이 높았던 Aeromonas, Acidovorax, Pseudomonas, Elizabethkingia 속의 내성균에 대한 자연내성 특징을 파악하였다. The widespread emergence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms in clinics and natural environments has attracted public concern. Especially, microorganisms inhabiting natural environment is considered as a source responsible for increasing the abundance of antibiotic resistant genes in ecosystem. In this study, the diversity of culturable bacteria resistant to ampicillin was investigated with water samples collected from seven locations in Korea. The genera belonging to Aeromonas and Acidovorax were dominant among the isolated 498 strains. The 66% of isolates showed multi-drug resistance against more than six antibiotics among tested fourteen ones and isolates resistant to seven antibiotics were the most prevalent with 19.7% abundance. Using the antibiotics susceptibility results, the intrinsic resistance profile was suggested for the most dominant genera, Aeromonas, Acidovorax, Pseudomonas, and Elizabethkingia.
안정동위원소를 이용한 미세먼지 중 오염물질의 기원 추적 연구
김영희 ( Young-hee Kim ),박광수 ( Kwang-su Park ),김혁 ( Hyuk Kim ),유석민 ( Seok-min Yu ),노샘 ( Seam Noh ),김민섭 ( Min-seob Kim ),안준영 ( Jun-young Ahn ),이민도 ( Min-do Lee ),석광설 ( Kwang-seol Seok ) 한국환경농학회 2019 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2019 No.-
최근 고농도 PM2.5 발생 빈도가 증가됨에 따라 PM2.5의 생성 및 유입기원에 대한 많은 논란이 있으며, PM2.5의 추적 지표로 안정동위원소가 널리 활용되어져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 서울 및 백령 도에서 2014년 1월부터 2016년 7월까지 매주 채취된 PM2.5 중의 탄소, 질산염-질소, 질산염-산소 및 암모늄-질소 안정동위원소를 분석하고, 계절별, 지역별 δ13C, δ15N, δ15N-NO3-, δ18O-NO3-, δ15N-NH4+ 값들을 비교하였다. 겨울철 난방기간 동안의 백령도의 PM2.5 중 δ13C, δ15N-NO3-, δ15N-NH4+ 값은 석탄연소에 의한 값을 보였다. 반면 서울은 비난방기간인 봄~가을에는 이동오염원에 의한 값을 보였으나, 겨울은 δ13C, δ15N-NO3-는 석탄연소에 의한 값을, δ15N-NH4+는 자동차 등 이동오염원에 의한 값을 보였다. 서울의 PM2.5는 주로 이차생성 에어로졸인 질산암모늄, 황산암모늄이 주요 구성물질로, 최근 암모니아가 PM2.5 생성에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려지고 있으나, 기존의 축산분야 이외에, 화력발전시설 및 이동오염원에서의 국내 NH3 배출 특성에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 향후 PM2.5 저감을 위해서는 NH3 기원에 대한 상세 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. The origin of PM2.5 has long been the subject of debate and stable isotopic tools have been applied to decipher. In this study, weekly PM2.5 samples were simultaneously collected at an urban (Seoul) and rural (Baengnyeong Island) site in Korea from January 2014 through July 2016 and δ13C, δ15N, δ15N-NO3-, δ18O-NO3-, and δ15N-NH4+ in PM2.5 were measured. The isotopic results implied that C, NO3-, and NH4+ in PM2.5 from Baengnyeong were nearly originated from coal combustion during winter heating seasons. Whereas, the isotopic values implied that C, NO3- and NH4+ in PM2.5 from Seoul were produced mainly from local vehicle emissions, but during heating seasons, contributions from coal combustion are also important for TC and NO3-. Although the PM2.5 concentrations at Seoul were dominated by secondary inorganic aerosols such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, fossil fuel-related NH3 emissions from power plants and vehicles have been less studied in Korea and agricultural activities have been considered the only substantial contributing source even in the urban areas. Additional study on NH3 emission sources and the subsequent reduction of NH3 emissions are required to reduce the formation of PM2.5.
안정동위원소를 이용한 이동오염원에 의한 대기 중 NO<sub>2</sub>의 거동특성 연구
박광수,김혁,유석민,노샘,박유미,석광설,김민섭,윤숙희,김영희,Park, Kwang-Su,Kim, Hyuk,Yu, Suk-Min,Noh, Seam,Park, Yu-Mi,Seok, Kwang-Seol,Kim, Min-Seob,Yoon, Suk Hee,Kim, Young-Hee 한국분석과학회 2019 분석과학 Vol.32 No.1
질소산화물(NOx)은 인위적 배출원(화석연료 연소, 이동오염원, 산업배출원 등)과 자연배출원(번개, 생물기원 토양, 산불 등)으로부터 배출된다. 질소안정동위원소를 이용한 분석 기법은 배출원의 기여도 및 추적 인자로 활용되어 왔다. 본 연구는 NOx의 특성을 보기 위하여 ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$를 측정하였으며 배출원의 동위원소 특성을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 시료채취가 용이한 Ogawa PAS를 이용하여 대기 중 가스상 질소를 포집하여 안정동위원소를 분석하였다. 도심지역 터널내부의 평균 $NO_2$ 농도는 $3808.8{\pm}2656.5ppbv$이며, ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ 값은 $7.7{\pm}1.8$‰를 나타내며 일반적인 이동오염원의 값을 나타냈다. 고속도로의 이동오염원으로부터 거리에 따른 결과, 고속도로와 인접한 지점의 $NO_2$ 농도는 $965.4{\pm}125.2ppbv$이며 ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$는 $5.9{\pm}1.4$‰이었고, 1.1 km 떨어진 지점의 $NO_2$ 농도는 $372.5{\pm}95.9ppbv$이며 ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$는 $-11.5{\pm}2.9$‰로 고속도로인근의 값이 높게 나타내었다. 고속도로부터 이동오염원 기여율을 보기 위하여 binary mixing model을 수행하였으며 고속도로와 근접할수록 기여율, 농도 및 동위원소가 높게 나타나는 경향을 나타냈다. Sources of NOx are both anthropogenic (e.g. fossil fuel combustion, vehicles, and other industrial processes) and natural (e.g. lightning, biogenic soil processes, and wildfires). The nitrogen stable isotope ratio of NOx has been proposed as an indicator for NOx source partitioning, which would help identify the contributions of various NOx sources. In this study, the ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values of vehicle emissions were measured in an urban region, to understand the sources and processes that influence the isotopic composition of NOx emissions. The Ogawa passive air sampler was used to determine the isotopic composition of $NO_2$(g). In urban tunnels, the observed $NO_2$ concentration and ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values averaged $3809{\pm}2656ppbv$ and $7.7{\pm}1.8$‰, respectively. The observed ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values are associated with slight regional variations in the vehicular $NO_2$ source. Both $NO_2$ concentration and ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values were significantly higher near the expressway ($965{\pm}125ppbv$ and $5.9{\pm}1.4$‰) than at 1.1 km from the expressway ($372{\pm}96ppbv$ and $-11.5{\pm}2.9$‰), indicating a high proportion of vehicle emissions. Ambient ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ values were used in a binary mixing model to estimate the percentage of the ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ value contributed by vehicular NOx emissions. The calculated percentage of the ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$ contribution by vehicles was significantly higher close to the highway, as observed for the $NO_2$ concentration and ${\delta}^{15}N-NO_2$.
납 안정동위원소를 이용한 아연제련시설 인근지역의 납 오염 특성
유석민 ( Suk-min Yu ),김혁 ( Hyuk Kim ),박유미 ( Yu-mi Park ),박광수 ( Kwang-su Park ),박진주 ( Jin-ju Park ),김지영 ( Jee-young Kim ),석광설 ( Kwang-seol Seok ),김영희 ( Young-hee Kim ) 한국환경분석학회 2016 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.19 No.3
This study was conducted to evaluate lead(Pb) pollution near a zinc smelter using Pb stable isotopes as environmental tracers. Environmental samples such as air particles, precipitation, soils, conifer leaves, and tree rings were analyzed; input and output materials were also collected from the zinc smelter. The 207Pb/206Pb ratios of the output materials from the zinc smelter were in the range of 0.865-0.881, and plotted on a mixing line with zinc ores from South America and Australia as the two end-members. The 207Pb/206Pb ratios of air particles, precipitation, and conifer leaves were in the ranges of 0.822-0.887, 0.853-0.882, and 0.86 -0.877, respectively, and fall within the line attributed to the smelter. In contrast, the 207Pb/206Pb ratios of soils fell within a broader range of 0.694-0.893. Soils with a higher 207Pb/206Pb ratio of 0.850 were plotted on the smelter line and showed high Pb concentrations of 207.5±141.9 mg/kg. Soils with a lower 207Pb/206Pb ratio of 0.850 were plotted on the Korean ore line and showed low Pb concentrations of 60.5±44.2 mg/kg. The 207Pb/206Pb ratios of tree rings showed an increasing trend toward the isotopic composition of emission gases, implying that the source of Pb pollution changed from the local mine to the zinc smelter.
IED 제조가능 화학물질 관리 우선순위 선정 알고리즘 연구
윤이(Yi Yoon),박연신(Yuon Shin Park),노혜란(Hye Ran Noh),석광설(Kwang Seol Seok),김기준(Ki Joon Kim) 한국위험물학회 2013 한국위험물학회지 Vol.1 No.2
Improvised explosive devices (IED) have become an alternative choice for terrorists or criminals who face difficulties in obtaining traditional explosives as a threatening tool. In this study we proposed systematic methods of identifying and prioritizing the potential precursors from commercial chemicals which are under controls of Korean regulations. Here we identified 25 potential precursors from 3,980 candidate chemicals, which can be diverted to IED or homemade bombs. We also developed the prioritizing methods of management by screening - scaling & scoring - expert evaluation the basis of CRS system. This study selected 25 priority chemicals list and applied the list to the prioritizing of management through screening - scaling & scoring phase.
Study on the Response Technique Development against the Chemicals Release Accidents
Young Sam Yoon(윤영삼),Ki Joon Kim(김기준),Kwang Seol Seok(석광설) 한국위험물학회 2016 한국위험물학회지 Vol.4 No.1
This study aims to provide reliable technical data and guidelines to initial response agencies, similar to accident management technical reports of the US and Canada. Technical information and graphic data contain item to figure out information needed for initial response and matters to improve in existing chemicals information guidebook. We also collected and reviewed the Canada’s TIPS(Technical Information Problem Spills), US EPA’s hydrogen fluoride documents, domestic and foreign literature on applicability tests of control chemicals, and interview data, and then suggested items to be listed in the technical guidelines. Additionally, in order to establish on-site technical information, the study investigated data on analysis method by environmental media in Korea and other countries as follows and presented the result as follows: ① emergency shutdown device, safety device, lock valves, earthing, dike, transportation pipes, scrubber, detector ② literature research and field investigation on distribution type, characteristics of transportation and storage (container identification, lock device, earthing) ③ emergency leak prevention, leak prevention method, emergency response measures such as rainwater gully cutoff and detour, classification and identification by type of storage and transportation facilities ④ Detection method using portable equipment in home and abroad, process test method, environmental standard and exposure limit Furthermore, the study presented 6 key information items for accident response so that each information item can be mutually linked and people in charge of initial response can easily identify the information.