계층 다중 슬롯링 다중처리기에서 캐쉬 일관성 프로토콜

백희경,장태무 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1997 산업기술논문집 Vol.10 No.-

기억장치 공유형 다중처리기는 기존의 프로그래밍 모델을 유지할 수 있는 성능 향상 방법이나, 기존의 버스나 링 구조 하에서는 확장성이 떨어지는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 기억장치 공유형 다중처리기 시스템에서 확장성을 높히기 위한 연결구조로서 계층적 다중 슬롯 링을 제안하고, 이러한 연결구조를 가진 시스템에서의 캐쉬 일관성 유지를 위한 프로토콜과 메시지 형태를 제시하였다. 특히 병렬 프로그램의 지역성을 감안하면 본 논문에서 제시한 프로토콜은 단일 슬롯링의 경우에 비하여 높은 성능 향상을 얻을 수 있음을 시뮬레이션 방법으로 입증하였다. Shared memory multiprocessor systems have been one of performance improvement methods maintaining the conventional programming paradigms. But these systems with conventional interconnection structures such as buses and rings show low scalability. In this paper, a hierarchical multi-slotted ring interconnection structure is proposed to enhance the scalability of shared memory multiprocessor systems. And a cache coherence protocol and message frame structures are defined on these systems. Our simulation results show that our protocol of these systems can contribute toward better performance enhancements than that of single slotted ring.

숙지황(熟地黃) 추출물의 치주염 개선 효과 연구

백희경,김미혜,양웅모,Hee Kyung Baek,Mi Hye Kim,Woong Mo Yang 대한융합한의학회 2022 대한융합한의학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of the steamed radix of Rehmanniae glutinosa (SRG) on periodontitis in ligature-induced rat model. Methods: To induce the periodontitis, ligature was placed around the lower first molar in rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 7), NL (non-ligatured and vehicle-treated), L (ligatured and vehicle-treated), SRG1 (ligatured and 1 mg/kg SRG-treated) and SRG100 (ligatured and 100 mg/kg SRG-treated). Vehicle or SRG solution was applied daily for 14 days and then all experimental rats were sacrificed. To examine the effect of SRG solution on periodontitis, the level of alveolar bone loss, cementum regeneration, gingival tissue degradation, and osteoclast cell numbers were analyzed. Results: Alveolar bone loss was inhibited in ligature-induced periodontitis rats treated with SRG treatment. Histopathological cementum was recovered in SRG1 and SRG100 groups. SRG extract inhibited gingival tissue degradation induced by ligature. In addition, the numbers of osteoclast cells were decreased by treatment SRG in periodontitis rats. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that SRG have inhibitory effects against periodontitis. Therefore, the steamed radix of Rehmanniae glutinosa has may be a potential alternative for periodontitis.

Segmental Tissue Doppler Image-Derived Tei Index in Patients With Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities

백희경,박태호,박종성,서정민,박선이,김병근,김상옥,차광수,김무현,김영대 대한심장학회 2010 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.40 No.3

Background and Objectives: Although the Tei index is a useful predictor of global ventricular function, it has not been investigated at the level of regional myocardial function. We therefore investigated the segmental tissue Doppler image derived-Tei index (TDI-Tei index) in patients with regional wall motion abnormalities. Subjects and Methods: We prospectively studied 17 patients (mean age 62±9 years, 5 women) with left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion abnormalities. The Tei index, defined as the sum of isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT) and isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) divided by ejection time (ET), was measured in the basal and mid segments of the LV walls from standard apical views (4-, 2-, and 5-chamber views). We also obtained TDI velocity data in each segment. LV wall motion was classified as normal, hypokinetic, or akinetic, based on visual analysis. The TDI-Tei index, peak systolic myocardial velocity (Sm), early diastolic myocardial velocity (Em), and late diastolic myocardial velocity (Am) were analyzed in a total of 203 segments. Results: Mean LV ejection fraction was 41.8±8.5%. TDI-Tei indices of dysfunctional segments (akinesis or hypokinesis, n=63) were significantly higher than those of normal segments (n=140) (0.714±0.169 vs. 0.669±0.135, p=0.041, respectively). Average values of TDI-Tei index, Sm, Em, and Am were 0.742±0.201, 4.206±1.336, 5.258±1.867, and 5.578±2.354 in akinetic segments; 0.677±0.101, 4.908±1.615, 5.369±2.121, and 5.542±2.492 in hypokinetic segments; and 0.669±0.135, 5.409±1.519, 6.108±2.356, and 6.719±2.466 in normal segments, respectively. A significant negative correlation was apparent between the TDI-Tei index and Sm (r=-0.302, p<0.001). Conclusion: These data suggest that the value of the segmental TDI-Tei index differs significantly according to regional function grade.

Determination of Diastolic Dysfunction Cut-Off Value by Tissue Doppler Imaging in Adults 70 Years of Age or Older: A Comparative Analysis of Pulsed-Wave and Color-Coded Tissue Doppler Imaging

백희경,박태호,박선이,김정환,서정민,김우재,남영희,김무현,김영대 대한심장학회 2011 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.41 No.3

Background and Objectives: The cut-off value of diastolic dysfunction by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is affected by aging and modalities used (pulsed-wave vs. color-coded). The purpose of this study was to investigate the diastolic function of healthy elderly people and to determine the appropriate cut-off value of diastolic dysfunction in elderly individuals. Subjects and Methods: Healthy volunteers (n=76) and patients with hypertension (n=51) aged ≥70 years underwent 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Mitral annulus velocities of TDI were measured at septal and lateral sites using the pulsed-wave and color-coded modalities. The appropriate cut-off value of diastolic dysfunction for healthy elderly individuals was defined as the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (Ea). Results: The mean septal and lateral Ea were 6.5±1.5 and 8.3±1.7 cm/s, respectively, by pulsed-wave TDI, and 6.1±1.4 and 7.9±1.7 cm/s, respectively, by color-coded TDI. The cut-off values for diastolic dysfunction were as follows: septal and lateral Ea were 6.1 and 7.9 cm/s by pulsed-wave TDI, and 5.7 and 7.5 cm/s by color-coded TDI, respectively. When the group was stratified by gen-der, Ea was significantly lower in women than men. Conclusion: When interpreting diastolic function as measured by TDI in elderly subjects, different cut-off values should be considered based on the TDI modality, annulus site, and gender.

다중 슬롯링 다중 프로세서 시스템에서의 캐쉬 일관성 프로토콜

백희경(Heekyung Baek),장태무(Taemu Jang) 한국정보과학회 1997 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.1A

본 논문에서는 확장성과 처리능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 여러 개의 슬롯링을 연결시킨 다중 링 공유 메모리 시스템(Multi Ring Shared Memory System)에서의 효율적인 캐쉬 일관성 프로토콜(Cache Coherence Protocol)을 제시한다. 이 프로토콜은 기록 갱신 정책(Write-Update policy)을 기반으로 하고 있다. 이 정책은 갱신시 요구된 블록이 공유되어 있지 않더라도 불필요한 메시지를 발생 시키게 되어 성능을 떨어뜨린다. 새로운 프로토콜은 메시지의 공유 비트를 이용하여 공유 블록을 지역 공유와 외부 공유으로 분류함으로서 공유 블록에 대한 갱신시 불필요한 메시지 전달을 줄임으로서 성능 향상을 꾀할 수 있다.

어머니-영아 조화적합성 및 어머니-영아간의 상호작용에 관한 연구 : 영아기질, 발달수준 및 어머니의 양육지식을 중심으로

이지현,송지연,백희경,서소정 한국유아교육학회 2022 정기학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

어머니-영아간의 상호작용과 영아의 의사소통발달과의 관계에서 양육효능감과 영아기질의 조절된 매개효과

송지연,이지현,백희경,서소정 한국유아교육학회 2022 정기학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

증례 : 소화기 ; 뇌종양의 증상 발현으로 진단된 경화형 간세포암 1예

김상옥 ( Sang Ock Kim ),백희경 ( Hee Kyung Baek ),김도경 ( Do Kyong Kim ),신봉철 ( Bong Chul Shin ),정진숙 ( Jin Sook Jeong ),한상영 ( Sang Young Han ),이성욱 ( Sung Wook Lee ) 대한내과학회 2009 대한내과학회지 Vol.77 No.5S

최근 간암 치료의 발전으로 생존기간이 늘어나면서 뇌전이의 예가 점점 늘어나고 있다. 하지만 간암이 진단되기 이전에 간암의 뇌전이로 인해 신경학적인 증상이 먼저 발생하는 경우도 있다. 이렇게 전이성 뇌종양 진단 이후에 간암이 진단될 경우에 있어, 치료방침에 대한 연구가 확립되어 있지는 않다. 또한 간암의 조직학적 아형에 따른 호발되는 전이 부나 임상양상 및 예후 등에 대한 보고도 있지 않은 상태이다. 향후 간세포암의 뇌 전이에 있어 조직학적 아형에 따른 다양한 임상결과 및 치료결과에 대한 보고가 치료방침을 결정하는데 있어 좋은 자료가 될 것으로 생각하며, 따라서 본원에서 경험한 경화형 간세포암의 뇌 전이에 대한 임상 예를 보고하는 바이다. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, especially in far eastern countries. Extrahepatic metastases develop in 64% of patients with HCC. Lung, regional lymph node, bone, and adrenal gland are common sites of HCC metastasis, while metastases to the brain and skull are rare. Recently, the survival rate of HCC has increased with the development of new treatment modalities, and this has led to a higher frequency of HCC brain metastasis. However, no reports have mentioned the relationship between the subtype of HCC and clinical course. We report a case of scirrhous type HCC, presenting with the manifestations of an intracranial mass lesion with no symptoms or signs suggestive of HCC. We excised the intracranial metastatic mass and then treated the patient with palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The patient survived for over 10 months. (Korean J Med 77:S1142-S1147, 2009)

우상대정맥 결손이 동반된 지속성 좌상대정맥과 중증 삼첨판역류에 의한 거대관상정맥동

백정환,박태호,김영훈,백희경,한진,김경호,차광수,김무현,김영대 한국심초음파학회 2007 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.15 No.1

References 1. Lechat P, Mas JL, Lascault G, Loron P, Theard M, Klimczac M, Drobinski G, Thomas D, Grosgogeat Y. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1148-52. 중심 단어: 임박한 기이성 색전증·난원공 개존·혈전. Fig. 5. Follow-up transthoracic echocardiography(modified 4-chamber view) shows disappearance of mass-like lesion protruding to both atria. Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound 15|March 2007 22 2. Robert R, Meacham III. Impending paradoxical embolism. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:438-48. 3. Kim ES, Kim SH, Hur JW, Yook DS, Kim SM, Cha TJ, Joo SJ, Lee JW. A case of impending paradoxical embolus in patient with acute pulmonary embolism. Korean Circulation J 2002;10:101-5. 4. Fartel Z, Shechter M, Vered Z, Rath S, Goor D, Gafni J. Review of echocardiographically diagnosed right heart entrapment of pulmonary emboli-in-transit with emphasis on management. Am Heart J 1987;113: 171-8. 5. Giannoccaro PJ, Sochowski RA, Ascah KJ. Echocardiographic detection of pulmonary emboli-in-transit. Can J Cardiol 1991;7:246-8. 6. Quere JP, Tribouilloy C, Adam MC, Juracan E, Rey JL, Lesbre JP. Paradoxical embolism following acute pulmonary embolism: Diagnosis and outcome. Int J Cardiol 1998;64:131-5. 7. Schreiter SW, Philips JH. Thrombus traversing a patent foramen ovale: resolution with anticoagulation. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1994;7:659-62. 8. Castro S, Cartoni D, Conti G, Beni S. Continuous monitoring by biplane transesophageal echocardiography of pulmonary and paradoxical embolism. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1995;8:217-20. 9. Rallidis LS, Apostolou TS. Migrating thrombus trapped in patent foramen ovale: resolution with anticoagulation treatment. Cardiology 2005;104:31-2. 10. Loscalzo J. Paradoxical embolism: clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic options. Am Heart J 1986;112:141-5.

염증성 근질환 환자의 생존율에 대한 예후 인자 연구

김혜인 ( Hye In Kim ),백희경 ( Hee Kyung Baek ),정진규 ( Jin Kyu Jung ),조용민 ( Yong Min Jo ),이상엽 ( Sang Yeob Lee ),이성원 ( Sung Won Lee ),정원태 ( Won Tae Chung ) 대한류마티스학회 2009 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Objective: To assess the 10-year cumulative survival outcome of polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) as well as the factors associated with the the outcome. Methods: Eighty five patients with PM and twenty one patients with DM were diagnosed at our university medical center between 1997 and 2007. Thirty six patients with PM and 13 patients with DM were followed up until death or until the end of January, 2008. Gender, age, AST, ALT, CPK, LDH, ESR, CRP, aldolase, drugs of therapy, combined ILD, and cancer, and duration of remission after therapy were assessed as prognostic factors of death by the Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression model. Results: The respective 10-year survival rate for PM and DM was 80.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 73.3∼87.2) and 55.9% (95% CI: 40.7∼71.1), respectively. The median survival for PM and DM was 11.3 years (95% CI: 9.8∼12.9) and 7.0 years (95% CI: 3.6∼10.5), respectively. Compared to DM patients, the subjects with PM had a 167.26 fold (95% CI: 7.59∼3683.19) combined ILD adjusted risk of mortality (p<0.05) and no other individual factor reached significance as a predictor of death. However, cancer had a hazard ratio (HR) of 17.00 (95% CI: 1.06∼281.79) and 2.45 (95% CI: 0.78∼12.45) for death in the PM and DM group, respectively. Conclusion: According to an analysis of the survival and its prognostic factors in patients with PM and DM, ILD is a risk factor for mortality in PM and cancer was risk factor for mortality in both PM and DM.