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양단온도차에 의한 직각용기내 자연대류에 미치는 안정온도구배의 영향
김무현,Kim, Moo Hyun 대한설비공학회 1991 설비공학 논문집 Vol.3 No.5
Confined natural convection due to lateral temperature difference in rectangular enclosures was studied numerically and experimentally for the insulated and the constant temperature enclosures. In the case of insulated enclosure, the flow pattern and heat transfer modes are rather simple depending mainly upon Rayleigh number. In the case of isothermal enclosure, however, the phenomena of flow and heat transfer are somewhat complex and interesting due to the stable thermal gradients and various circumstances resulted from four wall temperature conditions. As a dimensionless variable, to describe properly the flow and heat transfer phenomena in the isothermal enclosure, temperature difference ratio ${\Delta}T_v/{\Delta}T_H$ is newly introduced and this parameter seems to be appropriate in the analysis of results on the effect of stabilizing thermal gradient.
김무현,정혁,김원제,김명미 대한안과학회 2018 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.32 No.1
To evaluate the effects of the surgical assistant’s level of resident training on operation time and surgicaloutcome in the surgical treatment of intermittent exotropia. Methods: This study included 456 patients with intermittent exotropia who underwent lateral rectus recessionand medial rectus resection and were followed up for 24 months after surgery. The patients were divided intotwo groups according to the surgical assistant’s level of resident training: group F (surgery assisted by a firstyearresident [n = 198]) and group S (surgery assisted by a second-, third-, or fourth-year resident [n = 258]). The operation time and surgical outcomes (postoperative exodeviation and the number of patients who underwenta second operation) were compared between the two groups. Results: The average operation times in groups F and S were 36.54 ± 7.4 and 37.34 ± 9.94 minutes, respectively(p = 0.33). Immediate postoperative exodeviation was higher in group F (0.79 ± 3.82 prism diopters) than ingroup S (0.38 ± 3.75 prism diopters). However, repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed no significantdifference in exodeviation between the two groups during the 24-month follow-up period (p = 0.45). A secondoperation was performed in 29.3% (58 / 198) of the patients in group F, and in 32.2% (83 / 258) of those ingroup S (p = 0.51). Conclusions: No significant difference in operation time was observed when we compared the effects of thelevel of resident training in the surgical treatment of intermittent exotropia. Although the immediate postoperativeexodeviation was higher in patients who had undergone surgery assisted by a first-year resident, the surgicaloutcome during the 24-month follow-up was not significantly different.