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금(金) 浮選(부선) 광미(鑛尾)로부터 금(金)의 회수(回收)에 관한 연구(硏究)
신승한,강현호,홍종원,이진수,박제현,한오형,Shin, Seung-Han,Kang, Hyun-Ho,Hong, Jong-Won,Lee, Jin-Soo,Park, Je-Hyun,Han, Oh-Hyung 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2010 자원리싸이클링 Vol.19 No.6
S.M.C (DSME), only operating gold mine in Korea, is processing about 160 ton/day to recover gold and more than 150 ton/day of tailing is produced. Some portion of the tailings are used as a filler material after drying, but most of them are stored on the tailing dam. As a result of chemical analysis by a fire assay method, it contained Au 1.5~2.0 g/ton and 225~300 g per day of gold is getting discarded. It is urgent to develop a technology to recover and reutilize Au. In the present study, flotation tests were carried out to recovery gold for the tailings. Test results show that products with gold grade 21.31 g/ton(Au grade) and 62.73% (Au recovery) were obtained under the optimal conditions including KAX addition rate 97.2 g/ton, frother AF 65 (0.248 l/ton) and depressant sodium silicate (4 kg/ton), it's possible to recover one of the most valuable metal Au, by re-feeding to rougher flotation.
슈만의 浪漫主義的 特性과 技法 : Op 22를 中心으로
박제현 全北大學校 敎育大學院 1992 敎育論叢 Vol.12 No.-
Schumann's music was greatly affected by outside influences. His thinking and compositions showed the influence of many great romantic poets, but he was particularly indebted to the novelists, Jean Paul Richter. In the early 1830's he represented a reaction against the worship of form for its own sake. Schumann's spontaneity and fantasy-like originality reigned supreme in his compsitions during these years. In the late 1830's and 1840's his subjective approach gradually became more objective. This is not to say that he did not revert to his earlier subjectivity in some of his later compositions, for his compositional style did not follow any unbroken chronological order. As a result of his study of the works of other composers and of counterpoint in particular, he became more aware of the need for more careful planning and revision in his own pieces. He placed the greatest importance on the communication of his poetic, idealistic feelings through music and not on the structure which was used as his means of communication. In spite of this emphasis, he beleved his sonata should possess a solid structure. Schumann attempted to create a synthesis of romantic and classical traits in his sonata op 22. Opus 22, being the most concise of his three sonatas, was his most successful attempt of the use of sonata form. In his second sonata op 22, he imaginatively combined the sonata form with his own original romantic style.
뉴로-퍼지 알고리즘을 이용한 이상진단 시스템에 대한 연구
박제현,김영진 한국경영과학회 2002 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1(2)
현재 공작기계의 상당부분에서 자동화 및 무인화가 이루어지고 있는 추세이며, 이러한 대부분의 산업시설들과 기계류에는 회전체 부품들을 가지고 있다. 이들 부품들에서 베어링(Bearing)은 절대적으로 매우 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있으며, 만일 회전축시스템(Rotor System)에서 베어링의 심각한 이상은 시스템이 정지되는 사태를 불러일으킬 수도 있다. 따라서 이상에 대한 조기감지의 역할은 전체 시스템의 향상뿐만 아니라, 비용이나 시간적인 측면에서도 크나큰 이익을 가져다 줄 수 있다. 지금까지 이러한 회전축시스템에 대해 다양한 이상진단을 시도하여 왔으며 앞으로도 많은 종류의 이상진단이 이루어지리라 생각한다. 이런 다양한 형태의 이상진단은 시스템에서 추출되는 데이터를 여러 가지 기법과 추출하는 센서의 특징을 파악하여 이상진단 알고리즘을 수립하는 과정을 망라하게 된다. 특히 이상진단 알고리즘에는 측정된 데이터의 불확실성을 감안한 이론이 적용되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 회전축시스템의 베어링에 대한 이상진단을 통계적 기법, Fuzzy, Clustering, Neural Network과 Neuro-fuzzy를 이용한 기법과의 상호비교를 통해서 여러 종류의 이상을 구분하는 작업수행을 연구하고자 한다.
퍼지-뉴럴 네트워크를 기반으로 한 이상진단 프로그램의 개발
박제현,김영진 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 2002 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.8 No.-
An automation process is implemented in the manufacturing and production system nowadays due to the progress in the technology which utilizes the Artificial Intelligence methods. Here, the Artificial Intelligence supervises various level of processes ranging from the work of the machines to the detection of malfunction of the system. Especially, in the realm of malfunction detection, the diagnostics of faults in the Bearing system is very important since most of the machinery is consist of rotating parts and the bearings is the key element in the system. Due to the malfunction in the bearing system, the whole machine can quit and cause an economical loss and hazardous situation. Then, it is utmost important to identify early the malfunction of the bearing system though the diagnostic system. In this paper, we develop an algorithm to diagnose the malfunction of the system by digital computer. In this algorithm, a pre-processor is developed to classify the fuzzy clusters of the sample data though the neural network method. Also, the fuzzy rule based system is implemented to identify the cause of the failure. Using these methods, we develop a fuzzy-neural diagnostic system for the learning system.
박제현,하헌주,김명수,허규하,김유선 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2004 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.14
Background: Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays an important role in the development and progression of chronic allograft vasculopathy as in atherosclerosis. We already reported that mycophenolic acid (MPA) inhibited VSMC proliferation, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in human VSMCs. In this study, we examined further molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-proliferative effect of MPA in rat VSMCs. Methods: Primary rat VSMCs were stimulated with PDGF-BB 10 ng/mL in the presence or absence of MPA and various kinds of cell signaling inhibitors. Cell proliferation was assessed by [H³]-thymidine incorporation, NAD(P)H oxidase subunits mRNA expression by RT-PCR, dichlorofluorescein-sensitive cellular ROS by FACS, and the activation of PDGF receptor-β (Tyr 751), racl, and MAPK by Western blot analysis. Results: PDGF increased cell proliferation and cellular ROS, activation of PDGF receptor-β (Tyr 751), racl, expression of p22phox and MOX1 mRNA, ERK 1/2, and p38 MAPK, compared to control. MPA inhibited up-regulation of racl phosphorylation, p22phox and MOX1 mRNA expression, cellular ROS, and phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK. However, MPA did not affect PDGF receptor-β (Tyr 751) activation. Wortmannin, diphenyleniodonium (DPI), trolox, and NAC, each inhibited PDGF-induced ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK activation. PD98059 and p38 MAPK inhibitor also inhibited PDGF-induced cell proliferation. Conclusion: These results suggest that MPA inhibits PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation through inhibiting NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent cellular ROS leading to ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK activation. 배경 : 혈관평활근 세포의 증식은 장기이식 후 발생하는 혈관경화증이나 동맥경화증의 발생과 진행에 중요한 역할을 한다. Mycophenolic acid (MPA)는 강력한 면역억제제로서 혈관평활근 세포의 증식도 억제한다. 본 연구는 사람의 혈관평활근 세포에서 MPK가 세포증식에 관여하는 신호전달계인 활성산소족과 mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK) 활성화를 억제하는 기존의 연구결과를 바탕으로, PDGF에 의해 증식 유도된 흰쥐 혈관평활근 세포에서 MPA가 세포의 증식을 억제하는 기전을 검색하였다. 방법 : 일차 배양한 흰쥐 혈관평활근 세포를 PDGF-BB 10 ng/mL로 자극하였고, MPA를 비롯한 여러 종류의 신호전달 억제제는 PDGF를 투여하기 1시간 전에 투여하였다. 세포증식은 [H³]-thymidine incorporation으로, NAD(P)H oxidase subunit의 mRNA 표현은 RT-PCR로, dichlorofluorescein에 민감한 세포내 활성산소족은 FACS 방법으로, 그리고 PDGF 수용체-β (Tyr 751), racl 및 MARK 활성하는 Western blot으로 각각 분석하였다. 결과 : PDGF는 PDGF 수용체-β (Tyr 751)의 활성화 및 NAD(P)H oxidase subunit 중 racl의 활성화와 p22phox와 MOX1의 mRNA 표현을 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 증가시켰다. MPA는 PDGF 수용체의 활성화에는 영향을 주지 않았으나, racl의 활성화, p22phox와 MOX1의 mRNA 표현의 상향 조절, 세포내 활성산소족, 그리고 ERK 1/2와 p38 MAPK의 활의한 EFK 1/2와 p38 MAPK 활성화와 세포 증식을 억제하였다. PD98059와 p38 MAPK 억제제는 PDGF에 의한 혈관평활근 세포의 증식을 억제하였다. 결론 : 본 연구결과는 MPA가 NAD(P)H oxidase를 억제함으로써 세포내 활성산소족 생산과, MAPK 활성화를 억제함으로써 PDGF에 의하여 유도되는 혈관평활근 세포의 증식을 억제함을 시사하였다.
朴弟賢 全北大學校 師範大學 1983 사대논문집 Vol.9 No.-
The French musical renaissance is usually dated from 1871, with the foundation at the end of the France-Prussian War of the National society for French Music. The situation is France in the first quarter of the twentieth century presents a mixture of tradition, impressionism, and anti-impressionism. Three main lines of development-interdependent, naturally-may be traced in the history of French Music from 1871 to the early year of the twentieth century. M. Ravel was a typical member of the so-called third generation of French musicians which came after the second generation which was led by such Composers as Faure´ and Debussy which in turn had succeeded Frank, Gounod and other first generation musicians. M. Ravel adopted some of the impressionist technique, this never overcome his basie affinity for the clean melodic contours, distinct rhythms, and firm structures of Classicism. His harmonies while complex and sophisticated, are functional, not only pictorial and impres sionistic like some of Debussy's. Especially he created Spanish style works and kept nostalgia for Spain through all his life affected strongly by his mother's blood. His most markedly impressionistic work for piano is the 'Jeux d' eau' which was composed 1901. 'Jeux de´au' resembles in form to classic Sonatas. But its introduction and use of themes are widely different from what are discernible in classic sonatas. The basic harmonies and sonic pattern determine more than the whole structure of the work does the basic characteristics of 'Jeux de´au'. To a large extent the task of Ravel was to work out new concepts of, or find an adequate substitute for, tonality and to reconcile with new harmonic idioms the other musical elements of instrumentation, counterpoint, rhythm, and form.