인공 유방 확대술을 받은 환자의 유방암 치료 시 크기에 따른 반대 측 유방의 피폭 선량 및 차폐 효율 평가

김종욱,우헌,정현학,김경아,김찬용,유숙현,Kim, Jong Wook,Woo, Heon,Jeong, Hyeon Hak,Kim, Kyeong Ah,Kim, Chan Yong,Yoo, Suk Hyun 대한방사선치료학회 2014 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.26 No.2

목 적 : 인공 유방 확대술을 받은 환자가 유방암 방사선치료를 받을 경우 유방의 크기별로 치료 조사야와의 거리에 따른 치료반대 측 유방조직에 피폭되는 선량 및 차폐의 효율성을 평가해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 인체팬텀(Rando-phantom)을 이용하여 유방 모형의 크기별 (200 cc ~ 500 cc) CT영상을 획득한 후 크기 별로 일 선량 180 cGy의 왼쪽 유방암 방사선 치료계획을 세웠다. 유방 모형이 커질수록 치료 반대 측 유방모형의 표면과 X선의 진행지점 사이에 발생하는 거리가 가까워지게 설정하였고, 체표에 입사하는 선속중심축을 기준으로 3 cm, 6 cm 떨어진 점에서 반대측 유방 표면에 수직으로 내린 거리를 각 A point, B point로 설정하였다. 그리고 유두지점에서 외측으로 2 cm 되는 점을 C point, 체표중앙에서 외측으로 6 cm 되는 점을 D point로 설정하였다. 유방 모형의 크기별로 각 측정지점에 MOSFET을 부착하여 6 MV, 10 MV, 15 MV의 X선 에너지로 조사하여 측정하였다. 이와 동일한 조건으로 납 2 mm의 두께로 차폐한 후의 선량 값과 납 2 mm 아래에 bolus 3 mm를 부착하여 차폐한 후의 선량 값을 얻었다. 결 과 : 유방 모형이 200 cc에서 500 cc로 커짐에 따라 유방 모형의 표면과 X선의 진행지점과의 거리가 A point에서는 2.14 cm에서 최대 1.23 cm으로 근접하였고 B point에서는 2.55 cm에서 1.31 cm으로 근접하였다. 유방 모형의 크기에 따라 180 cGy 기준으로 200 cc 대비 500 cc의 산란선 측정값이 A point에서 3.22 ~ 4.17%, B point에서 4.06 ~ 6.22%, C point는 0.4~0.5% 증가하였고, D point에서는 크기별로 측정값의 차이가 0.4% 미만이었다. X선 에너지가 커짐에 따라 6 MV 대비 15 MV X선에서 180cGy 기준으로 산란선이 A point에서는 4.06~5%, B point에서는 2.85~4.94%, C point에서는 0.74~1.65% 증가하였고, D point에서는 측정값 차이가 0.4% 미만이었다. 차폐체로 납 2 mm를 사용하였을 경우 A와 B point에서 평균 9.74%, C point에서 2.8%, D point에서 1% 미만의 산란선 감소효과가 있었고, 납과 bolus를 함께 차폐하였을 경우 A와 B point에서 평균 9.76%, C point에서 2.2%, D point에서 1% 미만의 산란선 감소효과가 있었다. 결 론 : 일반적으로 인공 유방 확대술을 받은 환자의 경우 유방의 크기에 따라 치료 반대편 유방 표면과 치료조사야의 거리가 가까울수록 유방 표면이 받는 산란선이 증가하였다. 동일한 크기의 유방 모형에서는 사용 X선 에너지가 커질수록 산란선에 의한 피폭이 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 이는 사용 X선의 에너지 선택에 있어 유방암의 방사선 치료계획에서 허용되는 한도에서는 낮은 X선 에너지의 사용이 반대측 유방의 선량 감소에 유리할 것으로 여겨진다. Purpose : To evaluate the dose on a contralateral breast and the usefulness of shielding according to the distance between the contralateral breast and the side of the beam by breast size when patients who got breast implant receive radiation therapy. Materials and Methods : We equipped 200 cc, 300 cc, 400 cc, and 500 cc breast model on the human phantom (Rando-phantom), acquired CT images (philips 16channel, Netherlands) and established the radiation treatment plan, 180 cGy per day on the left breast (EclipseTM ver10.0.42, Varian Medical Systems, USA) by size. We set up each points, A, B, C, and D on the right(contralateral) breast model for measurement by size and by the distance from the beam and attached MOSFET at each points. The 6 MV, 10 MV and 15 MV X-ray were irradiated to the left(target) breast model and we measured exposure dose of contralateral breast model using MOSFET. Also, at the same condition, we acquired the dose value after shielding using only Pb 2 mm and bolus 3 mm under the Pb 2 mm together. Results : As the breast model is bigger from 200 cc to 500 cc, The surface of the contralateral breast is closer to the beam. As a result, from 200 cc to 500 cc, on 180 cGy basis, the measurement value of the scattered ray inclined by 3.22 ~ 4.17% at A point, 4.06 ~ 6.22% at B point, 0.4~0.5% at C point, and was under 0.4% at D point. As the X-ray energy is higher, from 6 MV to 15 MV, on 180 cGy basis, the measurement value of the scattered ray inclined by 4.06~5% at A point, 2.85~4.94% at B point, 0.74~1.65% at C point, and was under 0.4% at D point. As using Pb 2 mm for shield, scattered ray declined by average 9.74% at A and B point, 2.8% at C point, and is under 1% at D point. As using Pb 2 mm and bolus together for shield, scattered ray declined by average 9.76% at A and B point, 2.2% at C point, and is under 1% at D point. Conclusion : Commonly, in case of patients who got breast implant, there is a distance difference by breast size between the contralateral breast and the side of beam. As the distance is closer to the beam, the scattered ray inclined. At the same size of the breast, as the X-ray energy is higher, the exposure dose by scattered ray tends to incline. As a result, as low as possible energy wihtin the plan dose is good for reducing the exposure dose.

Unilateral Psoriasis on the Left Leg and Poliomyelitis of the Right Leg: A Case Report and Review of the Etiology

김종욱,배경남,손진화,신기혁,Hoon Soo Kim,고현창,Moon Bum Kim,Byung Soo Kim 대한피부과학회 2023 Annals of Dermatology Vol.35 No.-

Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated, inf lammatory skin disease. However, unilateral psoriasis is rare and few cases have been reported. A 59-year-old male with a polio-affected right leg presented with exfoliative skin on the left leg for three months. He had been treated under the diagnosis of contact dermatitis with secondary infection. After the exfoliative skin lesions improved, psoriatic papules were noted, which was ultimately diagnosed as pso- riasis and successfully treated with topical steroid and vitamin D agents. We propose that the Koebner phenomenon has acted as the triggering and aggravating factor of unilateral psoriasis in this patient.

RF 파워에 따라 스퍼터된 Al doped ZnO 박막의 구조적, 광학적, 전기적 특성

김종욱,김덕규,김홍배,Kim, Jong-Wook,Kim, Deok-Kyu,Kim, Hong-Bae 한국전기전자재료학회 2011 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.24 No.3

We have studied structural, optical, and electrical properties of the Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films being usable in transparent conducting oxides. The AZO thin films were deposited on the corning 1737 glass plate by the RF magnetron sputtering system. To find optimal properties of AZO for transparent conducting oxides, the RF power in sputtering process was varied as 40 W, 60 W, and 80 W, respectively. As RF power increased, the crystallinity of AZO thin film was decreased, the optical bandgap of AZO thin film increased. The transmittance of the film was over 80% in the visible light range regardless of the changes in RF power. The measurement of Hall effect characterizes the whole thin film as n-type, and the electrical property was improved with increasing RF power. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of the AZO thin films were affected by Al dopant content in AZO thin film.

BTMSM/O₂ 유량변화에 따른 SiOCH 박막 결합모드의 2차원 상관관계 특성

김종욱,황창수,김홍배,Kim, Jong-Wook,Hwang, Chang-Su,Kim, Hong-Bae 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.4

The dielectric characteristics of low-k interlayer dielectric materials was fabricated by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). BTMSM precursor was evaporated and introduced with the flow rates from 16 sccm to 25 sccm by 1sccm step in the constant flow rate of 60 sccm $O_2$ in process chamber. Manufactured samples are analyzed components by measuring FT/IR absorption lines. Decomposition each Microscopic structures through two-dimensional correlation analysis about mechanisms for the formation of SiOCH in $SiOCH_3$, Si-O-Si and Si-$CH_3$ bonding group and analyzed correlation between the micro-structure of each group. It is a tendency that seems to be growing of Si-O-Ci(C) bonding group and narrowing of Si-O-$CH_3$ bonding group relative to the increasing flow-rate BTMSM. The order of changing sensitivity about changes of flow-rate in Si-O-Si(C) bonding group is cross link mode$(1050cm^{-1})$ $\rightarrow$ open link mode$(1100cm^{-1})\rightarrow$ cage link mode $(1140cm^{-1})$.

행간(行間)(LR2) 전침자극(電鍼刺戟)이 적외선(赤外線) 체열진단상(體熱診斷上) 안면부(顔面部) 온도변화(溫度變化)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김종욱,최성용,진경선,황우준,민상준,이순호,이상룡,Kim, Jong-uk,Choi, Sung-yong,Jin, Kyong-son,Hwang, Woo-jun,Min, Sang-jun,Lee, Sun-ho,Lee, Sang-ryong 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Objective: Purpose of this study was to examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) at Xingjian(LR2) as 'Fire(火)' point of The Leg Absolute Um Liver Meridan(足厥陰肝經 : Chok-Kworum-Kan-Kyong) on the facial thermal change. Methods: Subjects of this study were 15 patients with upperpart(includes head and facial part) fever of human body and two examinations were carried out in each other day. We divided cases of two examinations into two groups. One is experimental group(N=15) that was carried out electroacupuncture stimulation at Xingjian(LR2), the other is control group(N=15) which was carried out electroacupuncture stimulation at optional point(in space between 1st and 2nd fingers) except acupuncture points of 12 meridians. We took the temperature of fixed areas on face by digital infrared thermal image(D.I.T.I.) before and after electroacupuncture stimulation. Those fixed areas on face that was taken temperature are Jingming(BL1), Sibai(ST2), Dicang(ST4), Indang, Shuigou(GV26), Chengjiang(CV24) areas. In cases of temperature of Jingming(BL1), Sibai(ST2), Dicang(ST4) areas, we applied each mean of left and right temperature to statical analysis. Results: In the group of electroacupuncture stimulation at Xingjian(LR2), temperature of every fixed areas on face fell: Jingming(BL1) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.7007{\pm}0.78642$, Sibai(ST2) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.6280{\pm}0.56439$, Dicang(ST4) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.5940{\pm}0.60179$, Indang area's ${\Delta}T=-0.7200{\pm}0.64515$, Shuigou(GV26) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.6160{\pm}0.80487$, Chengjiang(CV24) area's ${\Delta}T=-0.5627{\pm}0.72615$. In Xingjian(LR2) electroacupuncture group, each temperature of Jingming(BL1), Sibai(ST2), Indang areas showed a drop significantly in comparison with control group (p<0.05). But each temperature of Dicang(ST4), Shuigou(GV26), Chengjiang(CV24) areas did not showed a drop significantly in comparison with control group(p>0.05). Conclusions: The results mentioned above showed that electroacupuncture stimulation at Xingjian(LR2) significantly decreased the temperature on face of patients with upperpart fever of human body. In Xingjian(LR2) electroacupuncture group, especially temperature of upper part of face includes eye, cheekbone, forehead regions showed a drop significantly in comparison with control group.

서태평양 해저산 고코발트 망간각 자원평가를 위한 광역 탐사 방안

김종욱,고영탁,형기성,문재운,Kim, Jonguk,Ko, Young-Tak,Hyeong, Kiseong,Moon, Jai-Woon 대한자원환경지질학회 2013 자원환경지질 Vol.46 No.6

서태평양 해저산 사면에 부존하는 고코발트 망간각은 코발트, 니켈, 백금, 희유금속 등을 다량 함유하고 있으며, 최근 국제해저기구에서 공해상 탐사규칙이 제정됨에 따라 개발 대상으로 더욱 주목받고 있다. 해저산에 분포하는 망간각의 개발을 위해서는 경사가 낮고 지형기복이 완만하여 채광에 유리한 지형조건을 갖추면서 망간각이 두껍게 분포하는 유망지역을 선별하여야 한다. 따라서 광역단계의 망간각 탐사는 음향 수심탐사를 통한 지형 및 경사도의 확인, 음향산란 자료의 획득을 통한 기저면 표층 매질 분포 파악, 그리고 해저면 영상 관찰과 시료채취를 통한 망간각의 분포 두께 파악이 필요하다. 또한 음향산란 자료를 이용하여 망간각 분포 지역을 확인하기 위해서는 영상관찰 및 시료 채취를 통한 망간각 음향매질 특성분석이 필요하다. 기존의 탐사를 통해 수행된 망간각 기초탐사 자료를 분석한 결과 해저산 지형 해석과 망간각 광역분포와 같은 망간각 유망지역 선별을 위한 일부 자료를 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만, 음향산란 자료를 확보하지 못하여 넓은 탐사지역을 대상으로 망간각 부존 유망지역을 선별하는 데 필요한 망간각 분포 변화는 파악하지 못하였다. 따라서 향후 탐사는 망간각 탐사후보 지역을 대상으로 음향산란 자료의 확보가 선행되어야 하며, 해저면 관찰 및 시료채취를 병행하여 해저면 음향매질 특성과 망간각 분포의 상관성을 파악하기 위한 탐사가 수행되어야 한다. Co-rich ferromanganese crusts (Fe-Mn crusts) distributed on the seamounts in the western Pacific are potential economic resources for cobalt, nickel, platinum, and other rare metals in the future. Regulations for prospecting and exploration of Fe-Mn crusts in the Area, which enables the process to obtain an exclusive exploration right for blocks of the fixed size, were enacted recently by the International Seabed Authority, which led to public attention on its potential for commercial development. Evaluation and selection of a mining site can be established based on abundance and grade of Fe-Mn crusts in the site as well as topography that should be smooth enough for mining efficiency. Therefore, acquisition of shipboard echo-sounding and acoustic backscatter data are prerequisite to select potential mine sites in addition to visual and sampling operations. Acoustic backscatter data can be used to locate crust-covered areas in a regional scale with the understanding of acoustic properties of crust through its correlation with visual and sampling data. KIOST had collected the topographic and geologic data to assess the resources potential for Fe-Mn crusts in the west Pacific region from 1994 to 2001. However, they could not obtain acoustic backscatter data that is crucial for the selection of prospective mining sites. Therefore, additional exploration surveys are required to carry out side scan sonar mapping combined with seafloor observation and sampling to decide the blocks for application of an exclusive exploration right.

다층 InAs 양자점을 이용한 장파장 적외선 수광소자에 관한 연구

김종욱,오재응,홍성철,Kim, Jong-Wook,Oh, Jae-Eung,Hong, Seong-Chul 대한전자공학회 2000 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.37 No.8

Long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) detectors made of self-assembled quantum dots embedded in the channel region of high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is demonstrated. Above 180 K, the detector shows low dark currents due to strong confinement effect of electrons in InAs quantum dots and exhibits the broad spectral response ranging from 7 mm to 11 mm. The peak detectivity ($D^*$) of $1.93{\times}10^{10}cmHz^{1/2}/W$ is obtained at 9.4 mm. The photocurrent characteristics as a function of applied bias are similar to that of normal FETs, while the photocurrent decreases as the applied electric field exceeds $2{\times}10^3V/cm$ because of the increased dark current. 분자선결정성장법을 이용하여 자기구성 양자점들을 high electron mobility transistor (HEMT)의 체널 영역에 삽입하여, 양자점내의 inter-subband transition을 이용한 전파장 적외선 수광소자를 제작하였다. 제작된 소자는 180 K 이상의 온도에서 InAs 양자점의 전자에 대한 강한 구속력으로 인해 낮은 암전류 특성을 보이며 7${\mu}m$에서 11${\mu}m$까지의 넓은 수광영역을 나타내었다. 9.4${\mu}m$에서 peak 광전류가 검출되었으며 이때의 검출율은 $1.93{\times}10^{10}cmHz^{1/2}/W$ 였다. 장파장 적외선 검출에 따른 광전류는 가해진 전압에 대하여 전계효과트랜지스터와 같은 전류-전압 특성을 가지며, 인가된 전압이 증가함에 따라 증가된 암전류에 의하여 광전류가 감소하는 특성을 보여주고 있다.

미래식량 슈퍼푸드 곤충산업의 발전

김종욱,Kim, Jong Wook 한국축산식품학회 2019 축산식품과학과 산업 Vol.8 No.1

RF magnetron sputtering법으로 형성된 ZnO 박막의 투명반도체 특성

김종욱,황창수,김홍배,Kim, Jong-Wook,Hwang, Chang-Su,Kim, Hong-Bae 한국반도체디스플레이기술학회 2010 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Recently, the growth of ZnO thin film on glass substrate has been investigated extensively for transparent thin film transistor. We have studied the phase transition of ZnO thin films from metal to semiconductor by changing RF power in the deposition process by RF magnetron sputtering system. The structural, electric, and optical properties of the ZnO thin films were investigated. The film deposited with 75 watt of RF power showed n-type semiconductor characteristic having suitable resistivity $-3.56\;{\times}\;10^{+1}\;{\Omega}cm$, carrier concentration $-2.8\;{\times}\;10^{17}\;cm^{-3}$, and mobility $-0.613\;cm^2V^{-1}s^{-1}$ while other films by 25, 50, 100 watt of RF power closed to metallic films. From the surface analysis (AFM), the number of crystal grain of ZnO thin film increased as RF power increased. The transmittance of the film was over 88% in the visible region regardless of the change in RF power.

유도탄 고체 추진기관의 세계적 연구동향

김종욱,Kim, Jong-Uk 한국방위산업진흥회 1992 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.163

선진국의 유도탄 고체 추진기관의 연구 개발 동향 파악은 우리의 유도탄 추진기관 연구개발의 좌표확인과 나아갈 방향을 설정하는데 대단히 중요합니다. 이 글에서는 유도탄에 사용되는 고체 추진기관에 대한 세계적 연구 동향을 분석하였습니다 연구 동향은 추진시스템과 추진기관 부시스템 및 부품 2가지 부분으로 나누어 살펴보았습니다. 추진시스템은 기존의 로켓과는 다른 닥티드로켓/램젯, 펄스 모타등의 새로운 추진시스템의 연구동향을 분석하였으며, 기존 고체 로켓 모타부품의 연구개발 및 동향을 기술하였습니다