충남방언 활용에서의 음성모음화

김정태(Jeong-tae Kim) 어문연구학회 2006 어문연구 Vol.51 No.-

The vowel harmony is one of the phonological phenomena which is represented by connecting to similar series of vowels. In these days, this vowel harmony has remained as a type of fossilization in modern Korean. That is the "-아/어’ alternation, adverb conjunctive endings as a result of diachronic variation. This variation is regarded to diachronic vowel harmony and also is described as a kind of assimilation. However, Lee Byeong-geun(1976), Kim Ju-won(1999), Lee Mun-Gyu(2004) described that vowel harmony is not an assimilation in modern Korean any more. So this study assumed that there are positive and negative ending synchronically. That is, it is considered being fossilized as vowel harmony in diachronic phonology. For example, they have the formation like this: stem-final positive vowels of Korean verb "ㅏ, ㅗ + ending 아" and "negative vowels + ending 어". In fact, although /먹어/-〉*[머가] is not realized, /잡아/-〉[자버] is realized in modern Korean. That is, it has no variation in "negative vowels+negative vowels", but it has variation into "positive vowels+positive vowels" in "posive vowels+negative vowels". We intend to call this negative vowelization. The purpose of this paper is to propose that this negative vowelization could be one of characteristics in Chungnam dialect. We cannot see the negative vowelization in conjugation of "negative vowels+negative vowels". It shows us itself the realization of negative vowel forms in the formation like this: negative vowels + C]vst+어, such as "넘+어-〉[너머], 뜯+어-〉[뜨더]". The cases of ‘끄+어→[꺼], 서+어→[서], 가리+어→[개려]’ are under the circumstance of hiatus avoidance. There is no variation of negative vowel, only deletion and gliding are existed. In this paper, ‘아→어’ is negative vowelization. In "ending positive vowel + ending positive vowel" structure, "아’ changes to "어’. However, "가+아서→[가서], 빻+아→[빠:]’ is a deletion from hiatus avoidance phenomena. It turns out that hiatus avoidance is prior to negative vowelization. In case that final sound is a sonorant consonant as ‘갈+아→[가러], 말+아서→[마러서], 감+아→[가머], 많+아→[마너], 앓+았지→[아?찌]’, we can see negative vowelization like "아→어". At the same time, even in case that final sound is a obstruent like ‘옭+아서→[올거서], 솎+아서→[소꺼서], 맞+아→[마저], 쫓+아→[쪼처]’, vowelization is shown. This" 아-->어’ is very negative vowelization. Then, what is a mechanism of negative vowelization? Because bac k·low-vowel "/a/" is changed to back·middle-vowel "/?/", it could be named as a vowel rising in Korean vowel system. But, "아→어’ is not the Vowel rising in this case. According to Kim Jeong-tae(2003:57), vowel rising is a unconditional alternation which is not affected by adjacent sound. 아→어’ as a negative vowelization is a conditional alternation, because of stem positive vowel and word-final consonant, circumstance of ‘V+C+_____’. That is the reason we can say that ‘아→어’ negative vowelization is one of characteristics in Chungnam dialect, due to vowel rising of common pronunciation tendency in Korean. This paper analysed the only utterances of the old in rural area. Because generational and individual differences are existed in actual language use, negative vowelization is optionally applied to speakers of modern Korean.

고분자-계면활성제 혼합물에 의한 마찰저항 감소연구

김정태,김철암,최형진,김종보,윤형기,박성룡,Kim, Jeong-Tae,Kim, Cheol-Am,Choe, Hyeong-Jin,Kim, Jong-Bo,Yun, Hyeong-Gi,Park, Seong-Ryong 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.2

본 연구에서는 회전 원판 장치에 고분자-계면활성제의 혼합체를 첨가제로 사용하여 난류 유동장에서의 마찰저항 감소효과에 대해서 조사 연구하였다. 세가지의 분자량이 다른 PAA를 마찰저항 감소효과에 영향을 줄 수 있는 여러 인자들에 대헤서 살펴 보았다. 특히 이 연구에서는 이온성 고분자와 계면활성제의복합체가 마찰저항 감소현상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대해서 연구하였다. 계면활성제와 고분자첨가제 사이의 형태학적 차이점에 특별한 관심을 가지고 실험을 하였으며 이온성 고분자의 pH에 대한 영향에 대해서도 조사하였다. 고분자와 계면활성제간의 복합체는 거대한 전해질과 같은 거동을 보이며 계면활성제가 고분자의 형태를 변화시켜 고분자의 크기를 확대시킨다. 따라서 이러한 복합체는 단일 고분자계와 비교해서 수력학적부피, 관성반경, 점도등의 값이 크게 나타나며 이렇게 팽창된 고분자는 난류 유동장에서의 마찰저항 감소효율을 증가시킨다. Drag reduction produced by dilute solution of water soluble ionic polymer-surfactant complex under turbulent flow in a rotating disk apparatus(RDA) was investigated in this study. Three different molecular weights of polyacrylic acid(PAA) were adopted as drag reducing additives, and distilled water was used as a solvent. Experiments were undertaken to observe the dependence of drag reduction on various factors such as polymer molecular weight, molecular expansions and flexibility, rotating speed of the disk and polymer concentration. Specific considerations were put on conformational difference between surfactant and polymer, and effect of pH on ionic polymer possessing various molecular conformation through pH. The complex of ionic polymer and surfactant(Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) behaves like a large polyelectrolyte. Surfactant changes the polymer conformation and then increases the dimension of the polymer. The radius of gyration, hydrodynamic volume and relative viscosity of the polymer-surfactant system are observed to be greater than those of polymer itself. Such surfactant-polymer complex has enhanced drag reduction properties.

Cross-sectional TEM Specimens Priparation of Precisely Selected Regions of Semiconductor Devices using Focused Ion Beam Milling

김정태,김호정,조윤성,최수한,Kim, Jeong-Tae,Kim, Ho-Jeong,Jo, Yun-Seong,Choe, Su-Han 한국재료학회 1993 한국재료학회지 Vol.3 No.2

A procedure for preparing cross-sectional specimens for transmission electron microscopy(TEM)by focused ion beam(FIB)milling of specific regions of semiconductor devices is outlined. This technique enables TEM specimens to be pripared at precisely preselected area. In-situ #W thin film deposition on the top surface of desired site is complementally used to secure the TEM specimens to be less wedge shaped, which is main shortcoming of previous FIB-assisted TEM sample preparation technique. This technique is quite useful for the TEM sample priparation for fault finding and the characterization of fabrication process associated with submicron contact technologies.

복수지명에 대하여

김정태(Kim, Jeong-tae) 한국어문학회 2014 語文學 Vol.0 No.125

에너지 절약을 위한 인공조명계획

김정태,Kim, Jeong-Tae 대한건축사협회 1986 建築士 Vol.1986 No.1

부분방전 해석 방법으로 PSA(Pulse Sequence Analysis)의 현장 적용성에 대한 고찰

김정태,이호근,Kim, Jeong-Tae,Lee, Ho-Keun 한국전기전자재료학회 2005 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.18 No.5

Because of its effectiveness for the PD(Partial Discharge) pattern recognition, PSA(Pulse Sequence Analysis) has been considered as a new analytic method instead of conventional PRPDA(Phase Resolved Partial Discharge Analysis). However, it is generally thought that PSA has some possibility to misjudge patterns in case of data-missing resulting from poor sensitivity because it analyses the correlation between sequential pulses, which leads to hesitate to apply it to on-site. Therefore, in this paper, the problems of PSA such as data-missing and noise-adding cases were investigated. for the purpose, PD data obtained from various defects including noise-adding data were used and analyzed. As a result, it was shown that both cases could cause fatal errors in recognizing PD patterns. In case of the data missing, the error was dependant on the kinds of defect and the degree of degradation Also, it could be noticed that the error due to adding noises was larger than that due to some data missing.

환상적 건축의 재조명

김정태,Kim, Jeong-Tae 대한건축사협회 1980 建築士 Vol.1980 No.9

공동주택의 비상발전기 용량산정방식에 관한 고찰

김정태,이욱,Kim, Jeong-Tae,Rhee, Wook 한국조명전기설비학회 1996 조명.전기설비 Vol.10 No.4

본 연구에서는 공동주택에 설치되는 비상발전기의 용량산정 방식에 대하여, NEGA C 201 방식을 적용할 때 필요한 동시시동그룹의 구성과 수용률의 적용 방법을 제시하였으며, 대상부하를 "정전시 부하"와 "화재시 부하"로 구분하여 계산할 것을 제안하였다. 아울러, 500호~1,500호 정도의 대.중.소 규모 공동주택 단지를 대상으로 비상발전기의 용량을 산출하고 실측 결과와의 비교를 통해 본 연구의 제시 방안이 타당함을 입증하였다. 또한, 본 연구에 의한 비상발전기 설계용향은 NEGA C 201 방식에 의한 엔진용량 및 기존방식에 의한 엔진용량과 잘 적합되는 것으로 나타났다.용량과 잘 적합되는 것으로 나타났다. In this study, for the capacity estimation of emergency electric generators built in apartment complex using NEGA C 201 method, it was proposed application methods of simultaneously starting groups and demand factors. Also, it was suggested that capacities of the electric generator might be calculated for two kinds of electric facilities; one is loads for the convenience of tenants when main electric supply cuts off, and the other is loads for fire. For 7 apartment complex of large-size (about 1, 500 households), medium- size (about 1, 000 households) and small - size (about 500 households), electric generator capacities were calculated and electric power were measured. Through the comparison between calculated values and measured values, it could be proved the suitability of these application methods. In addition, the calculated electric generator capacities were appeared to fit into engin capacities by NEGA C 201 method as well as those by conventional method.

건축에서의 인간의 심리적 공간

김정태,Kim, Jeong-Tae 대한건축사협회 1979 建築士 Vol.1979 No.9

생활소음종합대책: 추진방향과 기본목표

김정태,Kim Jeong-Tae 한국소음진동공학회 2006 소음 진동 Vol.16 No.3