Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Children With SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the Delta and Omicron Variant-Dominant Periods in Korea

최수한,최재홍,이준기,은병욱,Song Seung Ha,Ahn Bin,Kim Ye Kyung,Yun Ki Wook 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.9

Background: Data on the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant infection are limited. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection before and after omicron variant dominance in Korea. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted in hospitalized patients aged ≤ 18 years with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at five university hospitals in South Korea. The study periods were divided into the delta (from August 23, 2021 to January 2, 2022) and omicron (from January 30 to March 31, 2022). Results: In total, 612 hospitalized patients were identified (211, delta; 401, omicron). During the omicron and delta periods, the proportions of individuals with serious illness (moderate, severe, and critical severity) were 21.2% and 11.8%, respectively (P = 0.034). Compared with the delta period, the proportions of patients with moderate illness increased significantly in the age groups of 0–4 years (14.2% vs. 3.4%) and 5–11 years (18.6% vs. 4.2%) during the omicron period. During the two periods, the proportions of patients with complex chronic diseases (delta, 16.0% vs. 4.3%, P = 0.040; omicron, 27.1% vs. 12.7%; P = 0.002), respiratory diseases except for asthma (delta, 8.0% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.013; omicron, 9.4% vs. 1.6%; P = 0.001), and neurologic diseases (delta, 28.0% vs. 3.2%, P < 0.001; omicron, 40.0% vs. 5.1%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with serious illness than in those with nonserious illness. During the delta period, the risk for serious illness was higher among patients with obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 8.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.80–27.36) and neurologic diseases (aOR, 39.43; 95% CI, 6.90–268.3) and aged 12–18 years (aOR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.46–10.85). However, the presence of neurologic disease (aOR, 9.80; 95% CI, 4.50–22.57) was the only risk factor for serious illness during the omicron period. During the omicron period, the proportions of patients with croup (11.0% vs. 0.5%) and seizures (13.2% vs. 2.8%) increased significantly compared with the delta period. Conclusion: Compared with the delta period, the proportions of young children and patients with complex comorbidities were higher during the omicron period in Korea. Patients with complex chronic diseases, especially neurologic diseases, had a high risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 in the two distinct variant-dominant periods.

차세대 DRAM 소자용 극초박막 유전체 재료 연구

최수한 대한금속재료학회 1993 재료.물성 심포지엄 Vol.7 No.-

차세대 반도체 소자분리 기술

최수한 대한전자공학회 1995 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1995 No.1

SILO 구조의 제작 방법과 소자 분리 특성 ( Fabrication and Characterization of SILO isolation Structure )

최수한,장택용,김병렬 대한전자공학회 1988 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1988 No.7

Nakagami 페이딩 채널하에서 하이브리드 DS / FH 확산대역 시스팀의 성능 ( Performance of Hybrid DS / FH Spread Spectrum systems Over Nakagami Fading Channels )

최수한,조현욱,박상규 한국통신학회 1995 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.14 No.2

A Korean Case of Infantile Krabbe Disease with a Novel GALC Gene Mutation

최수한,이지훈,이상구,기창석,이문향 대한소아신경학회 2009 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Krabbe disease is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the galactocerebrosidase(GALC) gene. The deficiency of GALC activity leads to the accumulation of psychosine, resulting in apoptosis of myelin-forming cells of the central and peripheral nervous system. The patients with typical infantile onset Krabbe disease have extreme irritability, developmental regression, spasticity, and seizures with an onset prior to six months of age. These children usually die within two years after birth. We report a female infant who showed the characteristic clinical manifestations, disease course, and neuroimaging features of infantile onset Krabbe disease that was confirmed by the identification of a compound heterozygous mutation of the GALC gene.

Systemic use of fluoroquinolone in children

최수한,김은영,김예진 대한소아청소년과학회 2013 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.56 No.5

Fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics that are widely used in adult patients because of their broad spectrum of activity, good tissue penetration, and oral bioavailability. However,fluoroquinolone use in children is limited because juvenile animals developed arthropathy in previous experiments on fluoroquinolone use. Indications for fluoroquinolone use in patients younger than 18 years, as stated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, include treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and postexposure treatment for inhalation anthrax. In Korea, the systemic use of fluoroquinolones has not been approved in children younger than 18 years. Although concerns remain regarding the adverse musculoskeletal effects of fluoroquinolones in children, their use in the pediatric population has increased in many circumstances. While pediatricians should be aware of the indications and adverse effects of fluoroquinolones, recent studies have shown that the risk for musculoskeletal complications in children did not significantly increase following fluoroquinolone treatment. In addition, fluoroquinolones may be particularly helpful in treating multidrug-resistant infections that have not responded to standard antibiotic therapy in immunocompromised patients. In the present article, we provide an updated review on the safety and current recommendations for using fluoroquinolones in children.

이 시대의 첨병 - 엔지니어

최수한 한국공학기술학회 1995 공학교육동향 Vol.2 No.2

5G 이동통신 시스템을 위한 유무선 융합 네트워크 기술 개요

최수한 에스케이텔레콤 (주) 2014 Telecommunications Review Vol.24 No.2

최근 2020년경에 상용화될 것으로 예상되는 5G 이동통신에 대한 선행 연구가 활발해지고 있다. 5G 이동통신은기존의 4G의 진화적인 기술이 아니라 혁신적인 새로운 개념의 기술이 될 것으로 예상되고 있다. 5G 이동통신에서는다양한 유무선 기술들이 존재하고 다양한 셀 크기를 가지는 아주 복잡한 망이 전개될 것이다. 이 때 각 단말은 해당 단말이 처한 환경에서 최적의 전송 시나리오 하에 최고 품질의 서비스를 제공받게 될 것이다. 이를 위해서는 다양하고복잡한 유무선 네트워크 및 다양한 무선접속기술(RAT: Radio Access Technology)을 융합하는 새로운 형태의 기술이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 5G 이동통신 네트워크에서의 유무선 융합 네트워크 기술의 개요 및 최근에 연구된 대표적인 결과들을 소개한다. 또한 5G 이동통신 시스템에서 사용될 다중무선접속기술(Multi-RAT) 네트워크에대해서도 살펴본다. 특히 Multi-RAT 네트워크를 효과적으로 지원하기 위해서 고려되고 있는 Multi-RAT 제어기를융합한 개념인 단일무선제어기(Single Radio Controller: SRC)에 대해 설명한다.

Pediatric and Parents' Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccines and Intention to Vaccinate for Children

최수한,Jo Yoon Hee,Jo Kyo Jin,박수은 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.31

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is necessary to reach herd immunity and essential for mitigating the spread of the pandemic. In May 2021, the US FDA and the EU have expanded the emergency use authorization for a COVID-19 vaccine to children aged 12 to 15. The aim of this study was to investigate parental acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination for their children, factors affecting their acceptability, and children's perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines in Republic of Korea. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey at two tertiary hospitals from May 25, 2021 to June 3, 2021. Subjects were parents having children under 18 years and children aged 10–18 years. Results: Two hundred twenty-six parents and 117 children aged 10–18 years were included in the final analysis. Overall, 76.5% and 64.2% of parents intended to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and intended to have their children vaccinated, respectively. However, only 49.6% of children responded that they would get COVID-19 vaccination. In the multivariate analysis, high confidence in the safety of COVID-19 vaccines (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 4.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32–24.12), parents' willingness to vaccinate themselves (AOR, 19.42; 95% CI, 6.85–64.00), and awareness of the need to vaccinate children against COVID-19 (AOR, 13.15; 95% CI, 4.77–41.27) were associated with positive factors intention to vaccinate their children. Conclusion: This study provides insight into how parents think about the COVID-19 vaccine for their children in South Korea. Our findings could be referenced in establishing a policy for childhood COVID-19 vaccination in the future.