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김동운(K.W. Kim),박원희(W.H. Park),김치훈(C.H. Kim),정우성(W.S. Jung),이덕희(D.H. Lee) 한국전산유체공학회 2010 한국전산유체공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.5
In this study, fire behavior for subway coach fire in the 1/10 reduced scale model is analyzed using numerical analysis method (FDS). The size of the reduced model coach is 1.9 m long, 0.290 m high and 0.235 m. The simulation is carried out only one-sided four doors of the coach are opened. A fire source is the n-heptane pool fire with a mean heat release rate 2.33 kW. Smoke temperature, heat release rate and mass loss rate for the model are calculated.
조성백,김동운,양승학,박규현,최동윤,유용희,황옥화,Cho, S.B.,Kim, D.W.,Yang, S.H.,Park, K.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Yoo, Y.H.,Hwang, O.H. 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.3
본 연구는 유산균과 효모로 구성된 혼합 생균제를 양돈 사료에 첨가하여 양돈용 발효사료를 제조하기 위한 최적 발효조건 구명 및 발효사료 급여에 의한 돼지 장내 환경변화를 평가하고, 원료사료별 발효능을 측정하기 위해 수행되었다. 1. 양돈 발효사료의 유산균과 효모 수를 측정하였을 때 사료 내 혼합 생균제 첨가수준은 0.25%, 수분 함량은 40~50% 정도가 적정하였다. 2. 비육돈에 발효사료를 급여하였을 때가 발효되지 않은 사료를 급여하였을 때보다 소화율은 유의적인 차이가 없었지만 분 중 휘발성지방산의 농도가 높게 나타났다. 3. 양돈용 단미사료의 발효특성을 확인하기 위하여 휘발성지방산의 농도를 측정한 결과, 비트펄프와 타피오카가 우수한 발효기질로 확인되었다. This study was conducted to determine the effect of feed additives including probiotics, moisture and feed ingredients and the effect of fermented feed on digestibility and volatile fatty acid (VFA) level in finishing pigs. Feed was mixed with microbials including Saccharomyces, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Pediococcus together with different levels of probiotics, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3%. Addition of probiotics showed improved fermentation rate after 48 h incubation. To determine the optimal moisture level for fermentation, different levels of water, 30, 40, 50 and 60%, were added into the feed. Fermentation rate of feed with 40~50% moisture level was higher than that from 60% level at 60 h post-fermentation. In vitro fermentation rate of feed ingredients was analyzed by comparing VFA levels. Beet pulp and tapioca showed higher fermentation rate compare to other ingredients including canola meal or rapeseed meal. To determine the effect of administration of fermented feed In vivo, feces from finishing pigs were analyzed. Finishing pigs administrated with fermented feed showed improved digestibility and higher volatile fatty acid (VFA) level. In conclusion, results from the current study indicate that 40~50% of moisture with addition of beet pulp and tapioca in feed is optimal condition for fermentation. Furthermore, our data suggest that fermentation of feed can improve the feed quality and digestibility, thereby provide more nutrient in finishing pigs.
청보리 사일리지 첨가 발효사료가 임신돈의 분 성상 및 악취물질 농도에 미치는 효과
조성백,김창현,황옥화,박준철,김동운,성하균,양승학,박규현,최동윤,유용희,Cho, S.B.,Kim, C.H.,Hwang, O.H.,Park, J.C.,Kim, D.W.,Sung, H.G.,Yang, S.H.,Park, K.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Yoo, Y.H. 한국축산환경학회 2011 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.17 No.3
본 연구는 청보리 사일리지가 첨가된 발효사료를 임신돈에 급여하였을 때 분에서의 악취물질 농도와 미생물 변화를 조사하고, 변비예방 효과를 확인하기 위하여 수행되었다. 1. in vitro 시험결과 페놀은 타피오카, 비트펄프, 밀기울, 루핀종실에서 검출되지 않았으며, p-크레졸은 9.62~52.11 mg/L 범위로 검출되었는데, 루핀종실이 가장 높았고, 타피오카가 가장 낮았다. 또한 타피오카와 비트펄프에서는 인돌과 스카톨이 검출되지 않아 악취저감용 원료사료로 타피오카와 비트펄프가 가장 유용한 것으로 평가되었다. 2. 비트펄프를 기초로 배합한 악취저감사료를 28일간 임신돈에 급여한 후 분을 채취하여 성상을 조사한 결과 대조구에 비하여 발효사료 급여구에서 수분함량이 높고 경도가 낮았으며, 대장균 (E. coli) 수는 적었으며, 유산균 (lactobacilus) 수는 많았다. 3. 돼지의 분 중 p-크레졸과 스카톨 농도를 측정한 결과 대조구에서는 각각 33%와 67%가 검출한계 이하로 조사되었으나, 발효사료 구에서는 각각 67%와 100% 검출한계 이하로서 조사되어 발효사료를 섭취한 돼지의 분에서 악취가 감소될 수 있었다. 4. 따라서 임신돈에 청보리사일리지가 첨가된 발효사료를 급여하였을 때 대장의 기능이 개선되어 변비예방과 악취감소의 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding fermented diet including whole crop barley silage on the odor reduction and microbial population change in feces, and the constipation prevention of pregnant sows. The concentration of phenol was not detected in tapioca, beet pulp, wheat bran and lupin seeds, while that of p-cresol was ranged between 9.62 and 52.11 mg/L showing that lupin was highest and tapioca was lowest. It was determined that tapioca and beet pulp were useful feed ingredients to reduce odor due to their lower contents of phenol and indole compounds. Ten pregnant sows were allocated to control group and fermented diet group in 5 sows in each group. They were fed 3.0 kg DM/d of diets for 28 days. Feces was examined and showed that the feces from the fermented diet group was observed with the higher moisture content and the lower hardness than that of the control diet group and the population of E. coli was decreased and the population of lactobacilus was higher than that of the control diet group. The concentrations of p-cresol and skatole were lower than the detection levels at 33% and 67% among the samples of feces of the control group and at 67% and 100% among the samples of the feces of fermented diet group respectively. Thus it is expected that the odor from the feces of pregnant sows fed the fermented diet could be reduced compared with that of control group. Therefore, it is suggested that feeding fermented whole barley diet to pregnant sows improve the function of intestine and reduce the rate of occurrences of constipation and odor levels.
산양유 쿠미스의 제조와 Candida kefir 의 젖산 생성
인영민,정석근,함준상,안영태,김현욱,김동운,김회발,김용곤 한국유가공기술과학회 2000 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.18 No.2
Goat milk consumption in Korea has been increasing nowadays due to recognition of good for health, and some goat milk producing farms get high income by processing and selling. Some chemical, physical, and nutritional characteristics of goat milk were reviewed. Development of various types of goat milk products is required for both producer and consumer, and Koumiss could be a good application. Koumiss is lactic acid-alcohol fermented milk product and is widely used for treating pulmonary tuberculosis in Russia. Koumiss making from goat milk was compared to from cow milk. L. plantarum and C. kefir isolated from Mongolian Koumiss were used as starter cultures, and mixed fermentation with L. bulgaricus showed symbiotic growth effect. The best sensory characteristics were obtained in two day fermented Koumiss. However the Koumiss making procedure was very complex because of mixed fermentation of yeast and lactic acid bacteria. To simplify this complex procedure, the yeast was developed to express 1dh gene of the lactic acid bacteria. L-1dh gene was isolated from the L. plantarum by PCR, and ligated to a commercial shuttle vector, The vector containing L-1dh was transformed to E. coli, and was purified after large scale preparation. The purified vector was transformed to C, kefir by electroporation after removal of antibiotic marker. Two kinds of colonies were obtained on YPG agar containing bromocresol purple, and the colony which shows yellow surrounding was considered to express 1dh gene. Expression conditions of the 1dh gene in the yeast need further study.
우유로부터 Osteopontin의 분리· 정제 및 특성에 관한 연구
최기원,김동운,이수원 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.3
본 연구는 우유로부터 OPN을 분리·정제하여 그 특성을 규명하기 위해서 수행되었다. 먼저 ion-exchange와 hydrophobic chromatography를 이용하여 우유로부터 OPN을 분리·정제하였다. OPN의 분자량은 SDS-전기영동 상에서 약 60,000dalton이었고, NH_2-terminal amino acid sequence를 확인한 결과 Leu-Pro-Val-Lys-Pro-Thr-Ser 순이었다. OPN을 35주령된 SCWL를 이용하여 산란계를 면역 시키고, 형성된 anti-OPN IgY 항체를 분리·정제한 후 ELISA test로 항체가를 측정하였다. 또한 RID test을 이용하여 OPN 함량에 따른 정량곡선을 작성하고, 이 곡선에 의해 우유 중 OPN 함량을 정량하였다. 그 결과 원유, 탈지유, 시유에서 각각 39.78, 31.74, 37,48㎍/㎖을 함유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 OPN의 Ca 가용화 능력을 검정한 결과 OPN이 CPP와 poly-glutamic acid 보다 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to observe purification and properties of osteopontin(OPN) from bovine milk. The purification of osteopontin from bovine milk was performed by using ion-exchange and hydrophobic chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the protein migrated at Mw. 60.000. NH_2-terminal sequence analysis of the first seven amio acids revealed the protein to be identical to that previously reported for bovine OPN. 35-wk-old chickens, including 3 Single Comb White Leghorn(SCWL), were used to produce egg yolk antibody)IgY) against OPNas a antigen However, the anti-OPN antibody activities determined by ELISA. Immunological assy of OPN in milk was performed using radial immunodiffusion test based on the standard curve of pure OPN. The radial precipitation lines of four different milk samples indicated that the concentrations of OPN in the milk samples were within the range of 31.7 to 39.7 ㎍/㎖. On inhibition with OPN on precipitation of calcium phosphate. OPN was slightly higher than casein phosphopeptide(CPP) and poly-glutamic acid.
인영민,정석근,함준상,김경남,김동운 한국유가공기술과학회 2000 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.18 No.1
In spite of adverse circumstances, dairy food industry of Korea has been developed continuously with the every efforts of farmers, processors, researchers and government officers. Development and extension of new technology, such as safety assurance, improvement of nutritive ingredient, and keeping freshness are very important issues considering short shelf life of dairy products which are prevalent in Korea. In addition to, demands for advanced technology would be increased rapidly with the increase of consumption, development of high quality products supply structure, decrease of production basis, and appearance of environmental problems. And demands for information about standard would be enlarged. Development of new products and technology for quality improvement should be evolved with the application of developed technology and cooperation of relative institutes in order to enlarge the consumption of milk and dairy products. In conclusion, efficient production on the basis of balance and development of dairy products which are safe and high quality are the most important subjects for the development of dairy industry in Korea.