돈사 환기팬 가동률에 따른 바이오커튼 내 안개분무 시 악취저감 효능 평가

황옥화,조슈아나이젤할더,박준수,서시영,이준엽 한국냄새환경학회 2024 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.23 No.1

. This study evaluated the effectiveness of odor reduction when spraying inside the Bio-curtain (hereinafter referred to as curtain) according to the exhaust fan operating rate. Spraying is a main factor affecting the ability to odor reduction of curtains. The curtain (total area: 37.9 m3 ) was constructed with two layers of light-shielding screens stretched over a rectangular parallelepiped structure installed around an exhaust fan (630 mm) on the side wall of a pig barn. Air samples for odor analysis were collected from inside the pig barn and outside the curtain. The main odorous compounds such as volatile fatty acids, phenols, indoles, and ammonia were measured. The odor reduction effectiveness was evaluated by total odor activity values (TOAVs) summed to the odor activity values of each odorous compounds. Depending on the exhaust fan operating rate, the reduced rate of TOAVs gradually decreased to the range between 15.67% and 68.80%. Because the contact time between the spraying liquid and the air velocity of the exhaust fan becomes shorter (or there is a reduction in liquid to gas flow ratio) as the exhaust fan operating rate increases. The results of this study can be used as basic data for research into spraying conditions to improve the odor reduction effectiveness of curtains.

편백나무 추출액이 돈사 공기 중의 냄새물질 농도 및 냄새기여도에 미치는 효과

황옥화,조성백,이민희,김기현,한덕우,이상룡,곽정훈 한국냄새환경학회 2016 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.15 No.4

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of Chamaecyparis obtus extract to reduce odoremissions released from the swine feeding operations. Finisher pigs [Landrace × (Yorkshire × Duroc)] with aninitial body weight averaging 50 kg were housed separately in two rooms with eighty eight pigs in each room ata swine feeding operation site. C. obtus extract was sprayed in the room by ceiling sprayer for one minute attwice per day during two months. Concentrations of odorous compounds from air in the room of the swine feedingoperation were analyzed at four times during two months. Levels of butyric acid, valeric acid, i-butyric acid, ivalericacid, skatole, methylmercaptan, and trimethylamine tended to decrease in C. obtus extract spray treatmentgroup compared to the non-spray treatment group (P > 0.05). Odor activity values of butyric acid, valeric acid,skatole and trimethylamine were higher than other odorous compounds and decreased by 72%, 76%, 54% and20%, respectively, in C. obtus extract spray treatment group compared to the non-spray group. Taken together,C. obtus extract showed an odor reducing capability in the air of a swine feeding operation suggesting that itpossesses anti-bacterial properties as well as having a dust removal and masking effect.

양돈 슬러리에 첨가된 악취저감물질 수준별 휘발성 지방산과 휘발성 유기화합물 농도 비교

황옥화,양승학,전중환,김중곤,최동윤,조성백,Hwang, Ok-Hwa,Yang, Seung-Hak,Jeon, Jung-Hwan,Kim, Jung-Kon,Choi, Dong-Yun,Cho, Sung-Back 한국축산환경학회 2013 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.19 No.2

This study was to investigate the effect of addition levels of odor reducing contents on reducing the concentration of odorous compounds. Slurry treatments included three levels mixture of horseradish powder (HP), mushroom waste (MW) and probiotics powder (PP), and non-treatment control (n=4 each group). Levels of odorous compounds were measured from the liquid slurry incubated in room temperature ($20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$) for 2 wk in chamber whose structure is similar to slurry pit. Concentration of phenols and indoles was lower (p<0.05) in level 1, which was mixed HP 0.01%, MW 0.4% and PP 0.004% (98.69, 1.87 ppm) compared to control. Short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and branched chain fatty acid (BCFA) was lowest (p<0.05) level 1 (6,557, 1675 ppm). Taken together, lower level are effective in reducing odorous compounds in pig slurry.

pH 조절이 돈사 피트 내 슬러리의 악취물질 농도에 미치는 효과

황옥화,조성백,박성권,정민웅,한덕우,노환국 한국냄새환경학회 2018 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.17 No.1

In the present study, we evaluated the effect of pH modulation on concentrations of odorous compounds andpollutants in pit slurry from pig operation building. A slurry sample was taken from the pit of a pig operationbuilding where 50 finishing pigs [(Landrase × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were kept. Three levels of pH (6, 8 and 10)were measured and adjusted daily during the incubation periods using chemical reagents of 1 N HCl or 3 N NaOH. Concentrations of odorous compounds and pollutants were analyzed from slurry incubated for 7 days. When thesematerial concentrations were compared with the pH 8 slurry which was the pH of pit slurry, levels of short chainfatty acids, indoles and total organic carbon were reduced 7%, 68% and 2%, respectively, in the pH 6 treatment(P<0.05). Ammonium nitrogen, phenols and total nitrogen concentrations were lower by 31%, 18% and 17%,respectively, than with the pH 10 slurry (P<0.05). When the odor contribution in pH treatments was assessedaccording to the odor activity value, it was found to be 23% lower in the pH 6 treatment compared with pH 8. The pH modulation would affect odor emissions and microbial activity from pit slurry. Although not all odorouscompounds showed the reduction effect with the same pH control, this study can be effectively used as base datawhen using additives for pH control.

양돈 슬러리에 첨가된 발효탄수화물의 종류별 악취물질 농도 비교

황옥화,양승학,전중환,곽정훈,최동윤,양승봉,김두환,조성백,Hwang, Ok Hwa,Yang, Seung Hak,Jeon, Jung Hwan,Kwag, Jeong Hoon,Choi, Dong Yun,Yang, Seung Bong,Kim, Doo Hwan,Cho, Sung Back 한국축산환경학회 2013 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Slurry treatments included peanut shell, palm golden fiber, almond hull, which was added 2% of the amount of slurry, and non-treatment control (n=4 each group). Levels of odorous compounds were measured from the liquid slurry incubated in $20^{\circ}C$ for 2 wk in chamber whose structure is similar to slurry pit. Concentration of phenols and indoles was higher (p<0.05) in control (48.4, 4.0 ppm) compared to almond hull (31.5, 1.4 ppm) or palm golden fiber (29.1, 1.6 ppm) group. Short chain fatty acid (SCFA) level was lowest (p<0.05) in control (2,121 ppm) but highest in peanut shell group (3,640 ppm). Branched chain fatty acid (BCFA) concentration was highest (p<0.05) in peanut shell (296 ppm), but lowest in almond hull (90 ppm). Taken together, concentration of odorous compounds was decreased by addition of almond hull in pig slurry by which crude fiber and non-digestible fiber (NDF) may act as a carbon source.

초지 및 농경지에 살포되는 돼지 분뇨의 냄새에 미생물 첨가 및 분뇨 배양온도가 미치는 효과

황옥화,박성권,한덕우,이상룡,곽정훈,조성백,Hwang, Ok Hwa,Park, Sung Kwon,Han, Deug Woo,Lee, Sang Ryoung,Kwag, Jeong Hoon,Cho, Sung Back 한국초지조사료학회 2016 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.36 No.2

초지 및 농경지에 비료로 살포되는 돼지 분뇨에서 불쾌한 냄새가 발생되면 가축 분뇨의 이용 및 냄새 민원의 발생에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구는 돼지 분뇨의 냄새를 감소하기 위하여 냄새 저감용으로 많이 이용되는 미생물 3종을 분뇨에 살포한 후 봄 가을($20^{\circ}C$) 및 여름($35^{\circ}C$)에 해당되는 온도에서 2주간 배양한 다음 냄새물질의 농도를 평가하였다. 분뇨를 $20^{\circ}C$에서 배양하였을 때 인돌류와 휘발성 지방산의 농도가 광합성균 처리구에서 낮았다(p<0.05). 분뇨를 $35^{\circ}C$에서 배양하였을 때에는 냄새물질의 농도가 미생물 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 돼지 분뇨의 배양온도가 $20^{\circ}C$에서 $35^{\circ}C$로 상승되었을 때 냄새물질의 농도가 크게 증가되었다(p<0.05). 이상의 연구결과를 종합하면, 봄 가을($20^{\circ}C$)에는 돼지 분뇨의 냄새를 저감하기 위한 냄새저감 미생물로 광합성균을 이용할 수 있고, 여름 ($35^{\circ}C$)에는 분뇨에 첨가한 미생물의 활성을 높일 수 있는 다른 물질의 개발이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 결론적으로, 돼지 분뇨에서 발생되는 냄새를 줄이는 것은 초지 및 농경지에 살포되는 가축 분뇨의 영양학적 가치를 높이고 이용성을 향상시키기 위해서 매우 중요하다. Odor in pig manure affects the distribution of the manure over grass and crop fields as fertilizer. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different types of microbes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis and Rodobacter capsulata) and incubation temperatures ($20^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$) on the levels of odorous compounds in pig manure. Pig manure was incubated with 0.03% microbes (v/v) at temperatures of $20^{\circ}C$ or $35^{\circ}C$. At incubation temperature of $20^{\circ}C$, the addition of Rodobacter capsulata significantly (p<0.05) decreased the levels of indoles and volatile fatty acid (VFA). At incubation temperature of $35^{\circ}C$, the addition of any microbes of the three used in this study did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the levels of odorous compounds. When incubation temperature was increased from $20^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$, levels of odorous compounds were significantly (p<0.05) increased. Taken together, these results suggest that Rodobacter capsulata could be utilized to reduce odor from pig manure in the spring and fall when the average temperature is around $20^{\circ}C$. However, alternative odor-reducing technology is needed to be developed to apply onto pig manure during the hot summer season ($35^{\circ}C$).

바이오커튼의 암모니아 감소 효과

황옥화,조슈아나이젤할더,박소연,박준수,양병준 한국냄새환경학회 2023 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.22 No.1

.

이중언어교육과 자질교육

황옥화 길림성민족사무위원회 2002 중국조선어문 Vol.119 No.-

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黃玉花 韓中人文學會 2006 국제학술대회 Vol.16 No.-

미생물 종류 및 슬러리 배양온도가 돈사 슬러리의 냄새물질 농도에 미치는 효과

황옥화,한덕우,이상룡,곽정훈,최희철,조성백 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2016 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

본 연구는 초지 및 경작지에서 비료로 이용되고 있는 돈사 슬러리에서 휘산되는 냄새물질의 농도를 줄이기 위하여 돈사 슬러리에 미생물 3종(효모, 바실러스, 광합성균)을 첨가하고 배양온도 2수준(20, 35℃)에서 14일간 배양한 다음 냄새물질의 농도를 평가하였다. 슬러리를 배양하기 위하여 돈사 피트와 유사한 20L 아크릴 반응조에 슬러리 15L를 채운 후 슬러리 양의 0.03%로 미생물을 첨가하였다. 그 결과, 슬러리를 20℃에서 배양하였을 때 인돌류와 단쇄지방산 농도가 바실러스와 광합성균 처리구에서 낮았으며(p<0.05), 이성체지방산의 농도는 광합성균 처리구에서 낮았다(p< 0.05). 슬러리를 35℃에서 배양하였을 때에는 페놀류, 인돌류 및 이성체지방산의 농도가 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(p >0.05). 다만 단쇄지방산의 농도가 광합성균 처리구에서 높았다(p<0.05). 슬러리 배양온도가 20℃에서 35℃로 높아졌을 때, 페놀류, 인돌류, 휘발성지방산 및 암모니아성 질소의 농도가 크게 증가되었는데, 이것은 슬러리 배양온도에 따른 미생물 활성도의 변화에 영향을 받았을 것이다. 따라서 봄·가을(20℃)에는 슬러리의 냄새저감을 위한 미생물로 바실러스와 광합성균을 이용하고, 여름(35℃)에는 미생물의 활력을 높일 수 있는 방안이 강구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.