Fetal distress 에 대한 glucose 치료효과

김기진(KJ Kim),홍창수(CS Hong),최명학(MH Choi),유명렬(MY Yoo) 대한산부인과학회 1969 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.12 No.10

It has been reported earlier that a certain relation exists between the glycogen content of the fetal heart and survival of the fetus under anoxia. The effests of maternal glucose loading on fetal distress were studies in 40 cases of full term pregnancy. One group of 20 cases server as controls without infusion of glucose, and the other study group of 20 cases was given an infusion of 50ml of 50% glucose solution intravenously 1-2 hours before delivery. Following the infusion of glucose solution, changes of fetal heart rates, plasma glucose levels, CO2 and O2 contents in the cord blood and amniotic fluid pH were determined & compared with those of control group. The results were as follows; 1) The umvilical arterial glucose content at birth was lower than that of umbilical venous blood and both arteral & venous glucose levels of the study group were found to be higer than those of control group. 2) In the cases of glucose loaded fetus, fetal heart activity was improved and stabilized. In the bradycardia group fetal heart rate was increased through whole labor course, but in the tachyc- ardua group the rate was reduced to normal range. (The difference between the control group and study group was highly significant:P<0,001) 3) Fetall amniotic pH, was found to be lower in the control group than in those of glucose laded group both in normal & distress fetus. In the glucose loaded cases the pH was lower in fetal distress group than those of normal group. 4) O2 contents of the corb blood,doth arterial and venous, were slightly higher in the study group than in the control group. 5) CO2 contents od the cord blood, both arterial and venous, were lower in the study group than in the control group. Statistical difference of the umbilical venous blood between the two group was highly significant. It is concluded that the infusion of glucose to the mother during late labor period is beneficial for the fetus to overcome possible distress during the birth.

내장지방형 비만이 대사성 질환에 미치는 영향

김기진(Kim, Ki-Jin),안나영(Ahn, Na-Young),홍창배(Hong, Chang-Bae) 대한운동학회 2007 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구는 내장 지방형 비만이 대사성 질환에 영향을 주는 요인을 살펴보는데 있다. 비만은 고지혈증, 고혈압, 인슐린 저항성 등과 같은 대사성 질환의 위험요인들을 나타내면서 대표적인 대사성 질환에 해당하는 동맥경화증, 당뇨병 등의 유병률을 증가시키는 것으로 간주되고 있다. 최근에는 내장 지방이 축적된 비만은 저아디포넥틴증과 함께 염증관련 지표인 혈중 CRP, IL-6, TNF-α 등의 농도가 증가하고 염증성 신호전달계에 해당하는 JNK, IKK-β, NF-κB 등이 활성화됨으로서 동맥경화증, 고혈압, 2형 당뇨병 등의 발생률이 증가하게 된다. 따라서 내장지방의 감소를 통한 염증발현의 제어를 위한 처치는 인슐린 감수성의 활성화와 동맥경화증 처치를 위한 중요한 과정이 된다. The purpose of the present study is to examine the effect of visceral obesity on metabolic syndrome. Obesity leads to risk factors of metabolic syndrome such as hyperlipidemia, hypertention, and insulin resistance, and also drives the progression of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. It has recently been reported the hypoadiponectinemia together with the increase of adipokines induced by the accumulation of visceral obesity. Furthermore, the inflammation markers (increase CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α concentration), inflammation signal pathway (activity JNK, IKK-β, and NF-κB) and the metabolic syndrome (hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypertention and type 2 diabetics) are activated by visceral obesity. Therefore, the intervention of inflammation through decrease of visceral fat is important process for the inhibition of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.

성인 비만유형간 혈중 지질대사 관련 변인의 농도 비교

김기진 ( Kim Gi Jin ),홍창배 ( Hong Chang Bae ),박주식 ( Park Ju Sig ),천우광 ( Cheon U Gwang ),안나영 ( An Na Yeong ),오경숙 ( O Gyeong Sug ),김상현 ( Kim Sang Hyeon ),김태호 ( Kim Tae Ho ),이인규 ( Lee In Gyu ) 한국운동영양학회 2003 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.7 No.3

This study investigated the detail differences on the body fat distribution, blood concentration of lipid profiles (TC,LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG), leptin, and FFA following to subtype of obesity. In the comparison between two groups by regional obesity. %fat and BMI showed the similar results between men and women, but blood concentrations of overall lipid profiles showed the differences. Men showed no significant difference of all items except of HDL-C between non-obese and obese group, but blood level of lipid profiles in women showed a significant difference between two groups. In the comparison of blood FFA and leptin concentration between non-obese and obese group, the difference showed between men and women. And women showed a significant (P<0.05) higher blood leptin level than men. Abdominal obese group (indicator: WHR) showed a higher level of blood lipid profiles with regard to CVD risk factors than the other groups. Especially. these negative effects of women showed a results as compared with men, and the population ratio of abdominal obese in women showed a higher values than men.

천연발효식초 섭취와 유산소운동이 중년 여성의 신체 구성과 심폐기능에 미치는 효과

김기진 ( Kijin Kim ),안나영 ( Nayoung Ahn ),주영식 ( Youngsik Ju ),이규호 ( Gyuho Lee ),김미연 ( Miyeon Kim ),정용진 ( Yongjin Jung ) 대한스포츠의학회 2018 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.36 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term endurance exercise and natural fermented vinegar on body composition and cardiopulmonary function of 50-aged postmenopausal women. Methods: Subjects were divided into four groups (sedentary group, aerobic exercise group, natural fermented vinegar group, and aerobic exercise plus natural fermented vinegar group) to perform natural fermented vinegar intake or aerobic exercise for 8 weeks. Body weight, body composition, cardio-pulmonary function test, and blood concentration of glucose, lipid profiles, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were measured. Results: The results showed that natural fermented vinegar or aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks no significantly improved body weight control and body composition. However, natural fermented vinegar plus aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks significantly improved cardiopulmonary function. Conclusion: These results suggest that natural fermented vinegar plus aerobic exercise training has a significant effect on anti-fatigue.

식이유도 비만 생쥐의 식이제한과 운동처치 후 대식세포와 단핵구의 IL-6 및 TNF-α생성의 변화

김기진 ( Ki Jin Kim ) 한국운동생리학회(구-한국운동과학회) 2010 운동과학 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구는 6주간 식이조절에 의해서 유발된 비만상태의 수컷 생쥐(C57Bl/6)를 대상으로 8주간에 걸친 탄수화물 섭취량 변화를 중심으로 한 식이제한 및 트레드밀을 이용한 운동요법을 적용하여 면역기능과 관련된 혈액세포변인의 변화와 함께 리포다당복합체 자극에 대한 복강내 대식세포의 IL-6 및 TNF-α 분비능력을 분석하여 비만상태에 의해서 저하된 면역기능 개선효과를 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 식이제한 혹은 운동프로그램을 적용하여 비만처치를 실시한 그룹은 모두 현저하게 감소된 체중을 나타냄으로써 처치효과가 일정하게 나타났으며, 특히 식이제한 그룹이 현저한 체중감소를 나타냄으로서 체중감소에는 식이제한이 가장 효과적인 것으로 간주되었다. 이에 반해서 운동그룹과 식이제한 및 운동처치를 병행한 그룹은 비만유도 후 일반식이 통제그룹보다 낮은 체중을 나타냈으나 유의한 체중차이를 나타내지 않음으로서 운동프로그램의 적용이 체중감소효과에는 식이제한방법보다 상대적으로 미흡한 것으로 간주되었다. 둘째, 식이처치에 의한 비만유도의 생쥐에서 과도한 지방섭취에 의한 비만상태는 말초혈액의 T-임파구를 중심으로 한 면역관련 세포의 감소를 초래하며 비만처치에 의한 체중감소는 말초혈액의 임파구 및 T-임파구 증가에 도움을 줄 수 있다고 생각된다. 셋째, 과도한 지방식이 섭취에 의한 비만유도는 대식세포에서의 LPS 자극에 대한 사이토카인 분비능력이 저하되며, 식이제한 및 운동프로그램 적용에 의한 비만처치 시 대식세포에서 LPS 자극에 대한 TNF-α 및 IL-6의 분비량이 현저히 증가하여 면역기능의 개선 가능성이 높은 것으로 간주되었다. This study was performed the analysis of blood cell numbers related immune function and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 by retroperitoneal macrophage in diet-induced obesity and obesity intervention of male C57Bl/6 mice. Diet-induced obesity was fed a high-fat or a standard chow diet for 6 weeks, and obesity intervention was drived by treadmill running exercise program or food intake restriction. Test items were measured by blood cell numbers related immune function and LPS stimulated production of TNF-α and IL-6 by retroperitoneal macrophage. Subjects of diet-induced obesity showed a significant increase of body weight as compared to normal diet group. High fat diet (HFD)-diet restriction (DR), HFD-exercise (EX) and HFD-DR-EX groups showed a significant decrease of body weight after 8 week intervention as compared to HFD-HFD group. And HFD-DR showed the highest decrease of body weight among intervention groups. Diet-induced obese groups showed a decreasing tendency of blood cell numbers related immune function, and the intervention groups showed an increase of blood cell numbers related immune function after 8 week intervention. LPS stimulated production of TNF-α by retroperitoneal macrophage in diet-induced obesity showed a significant decrease than a ND group, and LPS stimulated production of TNF-α and IL-6 by retroperitoneal macrophage in intervention groups showed a significant decrease after 8 week of food intake restriction or exercise training. In conclusion, diet-induced obesity showed a attenuation of immune function, and improved the blood cell numbers related immune function and LPS stimulated production of TNF-α and IL-6 by retroperitoneal macrophage after exercise intervention and food intake restriction.

호텔 및 레스토랑 조리사들의 카빙 데코레이션에 대한 중요도 및 필요성 인식에 관한 연구

김기진(Gi Jin Kim),엄태성(Tae Sung Eum),신정하(Jong Ha Shin) 한국조리학회 2008 한국조리학회지 Vol.14 No.4

태권도선수의 단기 체중감량후 재식이 구성이 고강도 운동능력에 미치는 영향

김기진 ( Kim Gi Jin ) 한국운동영양학회 2002 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.6 No.3

This study compared the high-intensity exercise performance of 3min-3bouls and exercise-induced fatigue variables of blood between high CHO and moderate CHO of refeeding diet after rapid weight loss. Subjects were 24 college aged male taekwondo players, and divided to three groups as high CHo refeeding group, moderate CHO refeeding group, and contol group. High CHO refeeding group and moderate CHO refeeding group lost body mass following restricted energy and dehydration to a significant decrease, but changes in body fat were inconsistent. High CHO refeeding group and moderate CHO refeeding group showed a decrease tendency of total work output and mean power output in 3 min-3 bouts exercise after rapid weight loss and refeeding diet, especially moderate CHO refeeding group showed a prominent decrease of total work output, but these changes showed no significant differences. Peak power output of moderate CHO refeeding group showd a highest decrease after refeeding diet among three grpous. High-intensity exercise performance of 3 min-3 bouts showed a significant decrease after raid weight loss, but difference of refeeding diet composition showed no significant effect to the high-intensity exercise performance of 3 min-3 bouts. In high CHO refeeding group and moderatc CHO refeeding gorup, blood lactate concentration and heart rate showed a slowdown tendency of increase during high-intensity exercise after rapid weight loss, but these changes were caused by the decrease of exercise performance. Hematoerit value, blood hemoglobin, ammonia, and glucose concentration showed a slowdown tendency of increase during high-intensity exercise after rapid weight loss, but these changes showed no showed no significant effect to these changes. In conclusion, high intensity exercise perfornamce of 3min-3bouts showed a significant decrease after rapid weight loss, and the difference of refeeding diet composition after rapid weight loss was no significant effect to the changes of exercise-induced fatigue variables of blood, but high CHO of refeeding diet could be suggested th effective recovery method on a decline of peak power output after rapid weight loss.

행정입법에 대한 입법정비의 필요성에 관한 연구

김기진 ( Gi Jin Kim ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 2009 法學硏究 Vol.19 No.2

In administrative rule-making, especially in executive order, there is a confusion like a labyrinth. It should be arranged the executive order in the form of the normative order and the normative order in the form of the executive order. And the enactment of the announcement which has the substance of normative order should be prohibited. The inconsistency of the form and the substance should be arranged, and the judicial precedents of the supreme court and constitutional court should be reconsidered. The terminology of jurisprudence should be easy and comprehensible. Supposing that those endeavors is made, the right phase of the administrative law shall be achieved.

지방자치단체에 대한 국가의 행정적 관여의 개선방안

김기진 ( Kim Gi Jin ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 2003 法學硏究 Vol.13 No.3

비만 흰쥐의 6주간 식이제한 및 트레드밀 운동 후 혈중 대사기질, 호르몬 및 사이토카인 농도의 변화

김기진 ( Ki Jin Kim ),이인규 ( In Kyu Lee ) 한국운동영양학회 2005 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.9 No.1

This study examined effects of exercise and energy restriction on changes of blood levels of hormones and cytokines in obese rats. Subjects were consisted of 2 weeks-aged male Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 96), and were divided into 6 groups as control, obese, and 4 intervention groups (Diet alone, Exercise alone, Diet plus exercise type A, and Diet plus exercise type B). Serum concentrations of glucose, FFA, insulin, growth hormone, cortisol, and leptin, plasma TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were measured at pre and post-treatment of 6 weeks. After 6 weeks of treatment, all groups resulted in a significant (F = 18.624, p<.001) reduction of serum glucose levels, compared with pre-treatment. Serum FFA levels were significantly (F = 53.823, p<.001) decreased in all groups after treatment, but the result of post hoc demonstrated the significant differences after treatment in exercise group (F = 37.533, p<.001) and combine B group (F = 17.316, p<.05), respectively. In compared with pre-treatment measurements, serum insulin level was significantly decreased after 6 weeks of treatment in exercise group (F = 77.725, p<.01) and combine B group (F = 165.787, p<.001), respectively. Serum cortisol level was significantly increased in obese group (F = 28.840, p<.05) and exercise group (F = 8.110, p<.05) after 6 weeks of treatment as compared with pre-treatment measurements, although the other groups showed a decreasing tendency between pre-treatment and post-treatment. Plasma IL-6 level was significantly (F = 25.838, p<.001) increased in all groups after 6 weeks of treatment as compared with pre-treatment level, but there were no differences among groups at post-treatment. In summary, responses of serum insulin and FFA levels in weight loss intervention implied that insulin sensitivity for lipolytic activation was improved by a sufficient amount of exercise. Plasma IL-6 and TNF-α levels in all intervention groups showed a similar responses after intervention of 6 weeks, so it could not confirm a significant difference of cytokines related to immune function among different intervention. Further research is needed in the analysis of muscle and liver tissues before meaningful mechanism can be drawn.