프랙탈 차원을 이용한 모음인식

최철영,김형순,김재호,손경식 한국통신학회 1994 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.19 No.6

본 논문에서는 음성신호의 프랙탈 차원을 이용하여 한국어 모음인식 실험을 수행하였다. 프랙탈 차원은 Minkowski-Bouligand 차원을 사용하였으며, 형태학적 커버링(morphological covering) 방법을 이용하여 구하였다. 프렉탈 차원과 더불어 기존에 우수한 음성 인식 파라메타로 알려져 있는 LPC 켐스트럼(cepstrum)을 함께 사용하였으며, 프랙탈 차원의 음성인식에의 유용성 여부를 조사하였다. 다양한 자음환경에서의 모음인식 실험결과, LPC 켐스트럼 만을 사용하는 경우 및 프렉탈 차원과 LPC 켐스트럼을 함께 사용하는 경우의 모음 오인식율이 각각 5.6% 및 3.2%로 얻어졌다. 이는 LPC 켑스트럼에 프렉탈 차원을 추가함으로써 오인식되는 데이터가 40%이상 감소되는 결과이며, 프랙탈 차원이 음성인식에 있어서 유용한 특징 파라메터임을 보여준다. In this paper, we carried out some experiments on the Korean vowel recognition using the fractal dimension of the speech signals. We chose the Minkowski-Bouligand dimension as the fractal dimension, and computed it using the morphological covering method. For our experiments, we used both the fractal dimension and the LPC cepstrum which is conventionally known to be one of the best parameters for speech recognition, and examined the usefulness of the fractal dimension. From the vowel recognition experiments under various consonant contexts, we achieved the vowel recognition error rates of 5.6% and 3.2% for the case with only LPC cepstrum and that with both LPC cepstrum and the fractal dimension, respectively. The results indicate that the incorporation of the fractal dimension with LPC cepstrum gives more than 40% reduction in recognition errors, and indicates that the fractal dimension is a useful feature parameter for speech recognition.

Effect of Starving and Re-feeding on Appetite-related Genes in Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

최철영,김민주,송진아 (사)한국해양생명과학회 2022 한국해양생명과학회지 Vol.7 No.1

This investigation aimed to assess the appetite response changes of olive flounder to starving and re-feeding conditions. Three different feeding groups (2 weeks feeding, fed; 2 weeks starving, starved; and 1 week starving and 1 week feeding, re-fed) were established to examine the changes in appetite-related genes for each group. The weight gain of the fish was highest for the fed group and lowest for the starving group. Based on the daily feed intake (DFI) and cumulative feed intake (CFI), overall food intake was found to increase in the re-fed group more than in the fed group from week 1 to week 2 of the experiment. Hypocretin neuropeptide precursor (HCRT) and galanin receptor 1 (GAL-R1) mRNA expression in the brain of olive flounder were decreased in the starved group. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) was decreased in all experimental groups, except for the fed group. However, overall leptin concentrations in the plasma did not change across groups. Considering the differences between this study and previous studies on starving and feeding, various factors (except the production and expression mechanisms of appetite-related factors in response to starving) are likely acting on the appetite responses of the fish. In this study, a 1-week re-feeding period induced substantial effects on appetite response when compared to a 2-week feeding period. These findings show that even if re-feeding is performed after starving, the unbalance caused by the re-feeding can affect various physiological changes in fish by feed intake efficiency.

구강 편평세포암종에서의 p16INK4A와 p15INK4B발현과 메틸화의 관계

최철영,추정엽,류숙경,조남표 대한구강악안면병리학회 2003 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.27 No.3

[특집/정전협정 50년,불안한 평화] 변화하는 남북관계와 정전협정의 대안

최철영 역사비평사 2003 역사비평 Vol.- No.63

Displacement Vector Field의 빠른 추정을 위한 움직임 영역 검출에 관한 연구 ( The Application of the Fast Algorithm for Detecting Vector Field )

최철영,최윤식 대한전자공학회 1995 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1995 No.1

소위 ‘악의 축’ 국가에 대한 미국의 국내법적 대응

최철영 평화문제연구소 2002 統一問題硏究 Vol.37 No.1

Review on the U.S. Legal Response to the ‘Axis of Evil’ States

부시행정부의 대북정책과 한반도 소위 악의 축 국가의 대한 미국의 국내법적 대응

최철영 평화문제연구소 2002 統一問題硏究 Vol.14 No.1

Presidents Bush``s State of the Union remarks labeling Iran, Iraq and North Korea as an axis of evil quickly circled the globe and re-ignited fears of more aggressive brand of U.S. unilateralism. President Bush addressed that U.S will continue to be steadfast and patient and persistent in pursuit of two great objectives. First U.S. will shut down terrorist camps, disrupt terrorist plans, and bring terrorists to justice. And, second, U.S. must prevent the terrorists and regimes who seek chemical, biological or nuclear weapons from threatening the United States and the world. It is to prevent regimes that sponsor terror from threatening America or its allies with weapons of mass destruction. President Bush noted that North Korea is a regime arming with missiles and weapons of mass destruction, while starving its citizens. Iran is described as a country which aggressively pursues these weapons and export terror, while an unelected few repress the Iranian people``s hope for freedom. And the last state tied as the axis of evil is Iraq. Iraq is indicted for the charge that which is the state continues to flaunt its hostility toward America and to support terror. The Iraqi regime has allegedly plotted to develop anthrax, and nerve gas, and nuclear weapons for a decade. Iraqi regime is also criticized for the fact that it agreed to international inspections and then kicked out the inspectors. Bush said that Iraqi regime has something to hide from the civilized world. President Bush has categorized the States like these, and their terrorist allies, constitute an axis of evil, arming to threaten the peace of the world. Analysing President Bush``s Statement, they can be classified as a state of dictatorship, a state which are dumping tons of money into programs to developing weapons of mass destruction(WMD), a state which pose a grave and growing danger, a state which could provide these arms to terrorists, giving them the means to match their hatred, and a state which could attack our allies ar attempt to blackmail the United States. U.S. legislative body enacted USA Patriot Act of 2001 and it includes amendments of various acts such as Bank Secrecy Act, Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, Criminal Laws, and National Security Act to strength the sanctions toward rogue states especially states constitute axis of evil. In my opinion, persuading U.S. allies to support anti-terrorist war against Taliban regime was one thing and denunciating Iran, Iraq and North Korea as an Axis of Evil is another. Putting the three states in a basket is too simplistic. They have wide spectrum in the political regime, ideologies, religions, and cultural basis. What is the criteria to separate these countries from Syria, Libya, Sudan and Cuba? They also have sanctioned as a rogue states by United States. The debate over the appropriateness of sanctions as an instrument of international order, as well as debates over the impact that sanctions have on the human and material organization in the years ahead. True leadership means being a catalyst for changing behavior that threatens U.S. interests. In all three cases, the United States has many options other than military force or public condemnation at its disposal. Now Bush administration``s North Korea policy is undercutting the effort of South Korea aimed luring the North Korea out of its frightfully armed shell. Not by sanctioning with unilateralism, but by working with the anti-terrorism allies, the United States can accomplish a lot more. In the process, the Bush administration can go a long way toward marking the promise of the new partnership with the allies a reality.

Effects of waterborne copper on oxidative stress and immune responses in red seabream, Pagrus major

최철영,최종렬,Yoon Sub Shin,Tae Hwan Kim,최지용,Bong Seok Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2018 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.14 No.3

Backgrounds: Copper (Cu) plays an essential role in many enzymatic processes including cellular respiration. In this study, we investigated the oxidative stress and immunity of red seabream, Pagrus major, exposed to different concentrations of Cu2+ (10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/L) for 120 h. Methods: We measured the expressions of mRNA, activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), the levels of plasma hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxide (LPO), and immune parameters lysozyme, immunoglobulin M (IgM), and melatonin. Results: The mRNA expressions, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the levels of plasma H2O2 and LPO were significantly higher after exposure to 30 and 40 μg/L of Cu2+ than after exposure to lower concentrations (0, 10, and 20 μg/L). However, the levels of plasma lysozyme, IgM, and melatonin were significantly lower after exposure to 30 and 40 μg/L of Cu2+. Conclusion: These results indicate that Cu2+ concentrations of 30 and 40 μg/L can induce an acute toxic oxidative stress and decrease the immune response in red seabream in aquarium conditions.

운동 또는 식이제한 프로그램 참여가 비만여중생들의 신체구성 및 혈청지질에 미치는 효과

최철영 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.3

교류협력을 위한 남북간 합의와 한국정전협정의 효력

최철영 성균관대학교 법학연구원 2004 성균관법학 Vol.16 No.3