전해질로 나피온을 사용한 Ti/IrO_2 전극상에서 유기물의 양극산화 반응

강태구,윤영재,김희정,노성희,김선일 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

This paper describes the anodic oxidation od various alphathic alcohols in pure water using Nafion cation exchange membrane as solid polymer electrolyte. The oxidation has been carried out on an IrO_2 anode under conditions of simultaneous oxygen evolution. The experimental results for the anodic oxidation of four different alcohols are in good agreement with the theoretical model presented in a previous paper. Finally a simple experimental method is described for the determination of the relative reactivity of organics oxidation on IrO_2 anodes.

백서 뇌에서 전기경련 충격에 의해 발현이 조절되는 새로운 유전자

정선주,박정은,강웅구,구영진,박주배,김용식 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.5

연구목적: 이 연구는 백서 뇌에서 전기경련 충격(Electroconvulsive shock, ECS)에 의해 발현이 조절되는 새로운 유전자를 검색하고, 발달단게 및 뇌 조직에 따른 발현양상을 관찰하기 위하여 시행되었다. 방법: 생후 7일, 21일된 어린 웅성 백서에 전기경련 충격을 가한 후 mRNS differential display-PCR(DD-PCR) 기법을 시행하여 발현의 차이를 나타내는 유전자를 검색한 후 서열분석을 실시하였다. 생후 7일 및 21일된 백서의 뇌와 성년 백서의 대뇌피질, 해마를 이용한 Northern blot 분석을 시행하여 검색된 유전자의 ECS 처치 후 시간경과에 따른 유전자 발현양상을 관찰하였다. 결과: ECS 처치군과 위충격군간에 발현의 차이를 나타낸 유전자 4개를 검색할 수 있었으며, 이중 ECS에 의해 발현이 증가되는 1개의 유전자를 선정하여 서열분석을 실시한 결과 EST 서열만이 보고된 새로운 유전자임이 밝혀졌다. 이 유전자는 생후 7일된 백서의 뇌에서는 ECS 처치 후 180분에 발현양의 증가가 최고치에 도달하였으나, 생후 21일된 백서의 뇌와 성년백서의 대뇌피질 및 해마에서는 360분 경과시까지 지속적으로 발현 양이 증가하였다. 결론: 이같은 결과는 ECS에 의해 생체 내에서 유전자 발현의 조절이 이루어짐을 시사하며, 향후 이러한 유전자의 세포 내 기능에 관한 연구를 시행함으로써, ECS에 의한 생체의 반응과 치료기전에 대한 이해를 넓힐 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 중심단어:전기경련 충격·DD-PCR·유전자·백서 뇌. Objectives: This study was performed to identify genes regulated by electroconvulsive shock (ECS) and to observe the pattern of expression of genes according to different developmental stages and brain regions. Method: ECS(130V, 0.5 sec) was given to male Sprague-Dawley rats with age of postnatal day 7 and 21(P7, P21 respectively). After screening genes regulated by ECS with mRNA diffe-rential display-PCR(DD-PCR), we selected one clone among them and observed the induction of this gene after ECS by time-dependent Northern blot analysis of rat brain of P7, P21 and adult rat cortex and hippocampus. Results: By DD-PCR method, we have identified four clones whose expression was regulated by ECS. Among them, one(CP 10-2) was proved to be a new gene by sequencing and BLAST search. Its expression was increased after ECS in P7, P21, and adult rat brain. The expression of CP 10-2 reached peak level at 180 minutes after ECS in P7 rat brain, but was further increased until 360 minutes after ECS in P21 and adult rat brain. Conclusion: In this study, a new gene was identified in rat brain which showed up-regulated expression in response to ECS. Cloning and characterization of this new gene would be helpful to elucidate the effect of ECS in rat brain. KEY WORDS:Electroconvulsive shock·Differential display-PCR·Gene·Rat brain.

다환계 방향족 유기오염물을 함유한 폐수의 전기화학 처리

윤영재,강태구,김희정,노성희,김선일 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

This work has concerned the possibility to apply both direct and indirect electrolysis process for the treatment of waste containing poliaromatic compounds. Two different kinds of electrode materials have been used: DSA-type anodes to carry out direct electrolysis and carbon felt cathodes to ferform indirect electrolysis. On the contrary, in the case of the tested wastewater especially containing naphthalen- and anthraquinon sulphonic compounds they do not seem to be very suitable materials. Better results have been achieved using the carbon felt cathodes. In this case the COD of the tested wastewater can be remarkably decreased using H_2O_2 as oxidation agent.

BMP test를 통한 음폐수와 하수슬러지의 병합소화 특성 평가

이수영ㆍ윤영삼ㆍ강준구ㆍ김기헌ㆍ신선경(Su young LeeㆍYoung Sam YoonㆍJun Gu KangㆍKi Heon KimㆍSun Kyoung Shin) 유기성자원학회 2016 유기물자원화 Vol.24 No.1

혐기성 소화의 주요 조건 중 하나인 C/N비의 경우 하수슬러지는 5.40으로 낮게 나타난 반면 음폐수(Food waste leachate)는 21.84로 높게 나타났다. C/N비가 낮을 경우 혐기성소화의 저해 요인으로 작용될 수 있기 때문에 음폐수의 높은 유기물 농도 및 C/N 비를 활용하여 메탄가스 발생량 증가시킬 수 있었다. Tchobanoglous이 제안한 이론적 메탄가스 발생량 예측수식을 적용하여 메탄 및 바이오가스 발생량을 산정한 결과 하수슬러지 단일 혐기소화의 경우 305.6 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 689.4 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄, 바이오가스가 발생하였고 음폐수 : 하수슬러지를 1:9로 혼합한 시료는 약 322 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 3:7시료에서는 약 354 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 5:5시료에서는 약 386 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. BMP 실험 결과 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율로 병합 처리한 경우 각각 약 233, 298, 344 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하였다. 따라서 음폐수의 혼합비율이 높아질수록 메탄가스 발생량은 증가하였고 하수슬러지와 음폐수의 혼합 비율에 따른 병합처리 시 하수슬러지 단독처리에 비해 다량의 메탄가스가 발생되었다. BMP 실험을 통해 생산된 메탄가스의 누적생산 곡선을 Modified Gompertz model과 first order kinetic model에 적용하여 추정한 결과, 메탄생성량은 Modified Gompertz model에서는 238.5, 302.3, 353.6 mL/gㆍVS 발생하였고 first order kinetic model에서는 242.8, 312.5, 365.5 mL/gㆍVS로 음폐수와의 혼합비율이 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며, 최대 메탄생성속도의 경우 3:7비율에서 48.2 mL/gVSㆍday로 최대 메탄생성 속도를 보였다. first order kinetic model의 1차 반응속도상수 k값은 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율에 따라 0.32, 0.22, 0.08day-1 나타났다. 1차 반응속도 상수의 경우 음폐수의 혼합비율이 낮을수록 높게 나타났다. Modified Gompertz와 first order kinetic model 모두 실험결과를 잘 모사하였으며, 실험결과와 모의결과의 적합도를 나타내는 상관계수(R2)의 경우 0.92∼0.98으로 높은 상관성을 나타내었다. We mix food waste leachate and sewage sludge by the proportion of 1:9, 3:7 and 5:5. It turns out that they produced 233, 298 and 344 CH4ㆍmL/gㆍVS of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting sewage sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only sewage sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model describe the BMP test results that show how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate is, higher the methane gas productions is. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produces the largest volume of methane gas is 3:7. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model describe the test results very well. The correlation values(R2) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close is 0.92 to 0.98.

공동주택 바닥충격음 적정 평가어휘 조사에 관한 연구

송민정,송혁,이태강,기노갑,박현구,김선우 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.5

The "Sound Classification System on Floor Impact Sound Insulation Performance" is being studied in Korea. For that study, vocabularies appropriate for evaluation and reporting are needed. In this study, adequate words for evaluating floor impact sound have been extracted by reviewing the existing vocabularies and augmenting this with the results of a questionnaire prepared especially for apartment dwellers. As a result of this study, followings are suggested. 1) The heavy impact sound sources are more highly ranked than light impact ones. And the louder sound sources are the more accumulated points. 2) Highly ranked vocabularies are different for each source. 3) Floor impact sound evaluating words such as ‘Annoying’, ‘Disagreeable’, ‘Strident’, ‘Disturbed’, and ‘Dissonant’ are highly ranked. ‘Annoying’ is the word most accurately expressing the subjects' unpleasant feeling of domestic floor impact noise. 4)‘Unpleasant’, ‘Noisy’, ‘Irritating’, ‘Annoying’ are main unpleasant factors to floor impact sounds occurring in our domestic apartment houses.

Dependence of TiO₂ Film Thickness on Photocurrent-Voltage Characteristics of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Kang, Man-Gu,Ryu, Kwang-Sun,Chang, Soon-Ho,Park, Nam-Gyu,Hong, Jin-Sup,Kim, Kang-Jin Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.5

The survey of Ornithodoros spp. in western and southern island area in the Republic of Korea

Sun Woo Han,Jeong Byoung Chae,Young Sun Jo,Yoon Kyoung Cho,Jun Gu Kang,Nam Shik Shin,Hee Jeong Youn,Hwa Young Youn,Hyang Mi Nam,Hyun Joo Kim,Hae Eun Kang,Joon Seok Chae 대한수의학회 2017 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2017 No.-

Development of an analytical method for Nitrapyrin and 6-CPA in agricultural products with GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS

Sun Young Gu,Jung Mi Lee,Su Jung Lee,Hye-Sun Shin,Sung Eun Kang,Young-hyun Jung,Gui Im Moon 한국분석과학회 2021 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

An analytical method was developed for the determination of nitrapyrin and its metabolite 6-CPA (6-chloro-picolinic acid) in agricultural products using the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method by GC-MS/MS (gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). The samples were extracted with 2% formic acid in acetonitrile followed by MgSO₄ (anhydrous magnesium sulfate), sodium chloride, disodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate, and trisodium citrate dihydrate. After centrifugation, supernatant layer was cleaned up using d-SPE (dispersive solid phase extraction) such as MgSO₄ and PSA (primary secondary amine) for nitrapyrin. The analytes were quantified and confirmed by using GC-MS/MS with MRM (multiple ion monitoring). For 6-CPA, supernatant layer was purified with a HLB (hydrophillic lipophillic balance) cartridge. The analytes were quantified and confirmed by using LC-MS/MS in positive ion mode with MRM (multiple reaction monitoring). The matrix-matched calibration curves were constructed using six levels, from 0.001 to 0.05 mg/L, and the coefficient of determination was above 0.99. The average recoveries of nitrapyrin at three different concentration levels (LOQ, 10LOQ, and 50LOQ, n=5) were from 79.1 to 109.9% with relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 13.1%. The average recoveries of 6-CPA at three different concentration levels (LOQ, 10LOQ, and 50LOQ, n=5) were from 76.2 to 100.6% with relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 10.2%. This results were satisfied with the criteria ranges requested in the Codex guidelines (CAC/GL 40-1993, 2003) and the Food Safety Evaluation Department guidelines (2016). Therefore nitrapyrin and 6-CPA could be analyzed with a modified method, and the method would be widely available to ensure the safety of residual pesticides in agricultural products.

Numerical Study of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Tunnel Oven for Bakery

Kwan-Gu Kang,Hong-Sun Ryou,Choong-Ik Kim,Dong-Soon Noh,Ki-Bae Hong 한국산업식품공학회 2001 산업 식품공학 Vol.5 No.1

A New Ionic Liquid for a Redox Electrolyte of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Man Gu Kang,장순호,Kwang Sun Ryu,Nam-Gyu Park 한국전자통신연구원 2004 ETRI Journal Vol.26 No.6

A new ionic liquid, 1-vinyl-3-heptylimidazolium iodide (VHpII), was synthesized and applied as a redox electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells. The chemical structure of the synthesized VHpII was confirmed using 1H NMR. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the VHpII was stable for thermal stress of up to 250˚C. The energy conversion efficiencies of the VHpII-based dyesensitized solar cells were investigated in terms of the effect of a lithium iodide addition. A solar cell containing the redox couple of VHpII and iodine showed a conversion efficiency of 2.63% under 1 sun light intensity at AM 1.5. Adding 0.4 M LiI results in a conversion efficiency of 3.63%, which was an improvement of about 40%. The increased conversion efficiency was ascribed to an increase in external quantum efficiency. A new ionic liquid, 1-vinyl-3-heptylimidazolium iodide (VHpII), was synthesized and applied as a redox electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells. The chemical structure of the synthesized VHpII was confirmed using 1H NMR. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the VHpII was stable for thermal stress of up to 250˚C. The energy conversion efficiencies of the VHpII-based dyesensitized solar cells were investigated in terms of the effect of a lithium iodide addition. A solar cell containing the redox couple of VHpII and iodine showed a conversion efficiency of 2.63% under 1 sun light intensity at AM 1.5. Adding 0.4 M LiI results in a conversion efficiency of 3.63%, which was an improvement of about 40%. The increased conversion efficiency was ascribed to an increase in external quantum efficiency.