Rethinking Political Correctness in the Age of #MeToo: Philip Roth’s The Human Stain

( Sarah Yoon ) 미국소설학회 2019 미국소설 Vol.26 No.1

In January 2018, Philip Roth said about the #MeToo movement in an interview with The New York Times, “none of the more extreme conduct I have been reading about in the newspapers lately has astonished me” (McGrath). At the height of the #MeToo movement, which had indicted media and business tycoons, as well as political leaders, Roth said that his lifelong novelistic concern in “depicting these men each as he is, each as he behaves, aroused, stimulated, hungry in the grip of carnal fervor” had meant that he had confronted the “hard facts” of such male lustful drives (McGrath). This paper rereads The Human Stain, in which Roth criticizes the effects of political correctness in the enclosed institution of academia, to comment on the perspective of human existence as “inevitably stained” (Roth 242). In rereading the tragic dimensions of the novel, this paper seeks to grapple with the effects of political correctness and the limitations of public opinion (represented through the academic institution, including the flawed feminist scholar Delphine Roux) on the lives of characters like Coleman Silk and Faunia Farley.

Between Patriarchy and Neoliberalism : Cho Namju’s 82-nyŏnsaeng Kim Chiyŏng

SARAH YOON 계명대학교 한국학연구원 2020 Acta Koreana Vol.23 No.1

Cho Namju’s 82-nyŏnsaeng Kim Chiyŏng is a 2016 bestselling Korean novel that has received international attention. Having achieved immense popularity in Korea, the novel has become a centerpiece of recent feminist discussions in Korea through its exposure of contradictions in and between the patriarchal regime and a neoliberal society. This article explores the tensions and contradictions of these two models of social organization and their uneasy alliance in this novel, particularly in the narrated experiences of young mothers.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induces CAP2 Expression Promoting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Liver Cancer Cells

Yoon, Sarah,Shin, Boram,Woo, Hyun Goo Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2021 Molecules and cells Vol.44 No.8

Cyclase-associated protein 2 (CAP2) has been addressed as a candidate biomarker in various cancer types. Previously, we have shown that CAP2 is expressed during multi-step hepatocarcinogenesis; however, its underlying mechanisms in liver cancer cells are not fully elucidated yet. Here, we demonstrated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced CAP2 expression, and which promoted migration and invasion of liver cancer cells. We also found that the ER stress-induced CAP2 expression is mediated through activation of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) and the promotor binding of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2). In addition, we further demonstrated that CAP2 expression promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through activation of Rac1 and ERK. In conclusion, we suggest that ER stress induces CAP2 expression promoting EMT in liver cancer cells. Our results shed light on the novel functions of CAP2 in the metastatic process of liver cancer cells.

Analysis of Innovative/ Self-initiated Play Spaces within Present Community Conditions Understood by Children - Focused on the Middle Childhood -

Yoon, Sarah So-Jung,Lee, Kyung-Hoon Architectural Institute of Korea 2010 Architectural research Vol.12 No.2

The main objective of this study is to investigate the perception, recognition and response of innovative/ self-initiated play and its correlation to play space and play environment understood by children in their middle childhood years. Play, play theory, and the acceptance of play have an important role in child development. In recent years, play and the importance of innovative/ self-initiated play have been associated with a number of important societal issues. The impact of play and/or lack of play during the developmental stages of childhood directly influence a child's ability to mature and adapt into society. In order to investigate the overall perceptions of play and play space among the average child in their middle childhood, a questionnaire survey was distributed and analyzed using SSPS 15.0. This survey was conducted within the site specific context of South Korea. Interestingly enough, the differences in the responses can be organized into three main categories: age, gender and housing type. In result different directions for further study and research for future play spaces and play environments that support innovated/ self-initiated play have been suggested.

Recapitulation of pharmacogenomic data reveals that invalidation of SULF2 enhance sorafenib susceptibility in liver cancer

Yoon, Sarah,Lee, Eun-Ju,Choi, Ji-Hye,Chung, Taek,Kim, Do Young,Im, Jong-Yeop,Bae, Myung-Ho,Kwon, Jung-Hee,Kim, Hyuk-Hoon,Kim, Hyung Chul,Park, Young Nyun,Wang, Hee-Jung,Woo, Hyun Goo Nature Publishing Group 2018 Oncogene Vol.37 No.32

Effects of HMGB-1 Overexpression on Cell-Cycle Progression in MCF-7 Cells

Yoon Sarah,Yoon Byung Koo,배덕수,Choi Doo Seok,Lee Jin Young 대한의학회 2004 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.19 No.3

High mobility group-1 (HMGB-1) enhances the DNA interactions and possesses a transcriptional activation potential for several families of sequence-specific transcrip-tional activators. In order to examine the effect of HMGB-1 on the cell cycle progres-sion in MCF-7 cells, the HMGB-1 expression vector was transfected into synchronized MCF-7 cells, and the effect of HMGB-1 overexpression on the cell cycle was exam-ined. The HMGB-1 protein level in the transfected cells increased 4.87-fold compared to the non-transfected cells. There were few changes in the cell cycle phase distri-bution after HMGB-1 overexpression in the MCF-7 cells. Following the estrogen treat-ment, the cell cycle progressed in both the HMGB-1 overexpressed MCF-7 and the mock-treated cells. However, a larger proportion of HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 cells progressed to the either S or G2 phase than the mock-treated cells. The mRNA levels of the cell cycle regulators changed after being treated with estrogen in both the HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 and the mock-treated cells, but the changes in the expression level of the cell cycle regulator genes were more prominent in the HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 cells than in the mock-treated cells. In conclusion, HMGB-1 overexpression itself does not alter the MCF-7 cell cycle progression, but the addition of estrogen to the HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 cells appears to accel-erate the cell cycle progression.

Analysis of Innovative/ Self-initiated Play Spaces within Present Community Conditions Understood by Children

Sarah Sojung Yoon,Kyung-Hoon Lee 대한건축학회 2010 Architectural research Vol.12 No.2

The main objective of this study is to investigate the perception, recognition and response of innovative/ self-initiated play and its correlation to play space and play environment understood by children in their middle childhood years. Play, play theory, and the acceptance of play have an important role in child development. In recent years, play and the importance of innovative/ self-initiated play have been associated with a number of important societal issues. The impact of play and/or lack of play during the developmental stages of childhood directly influence a child’s ability to mature and adapt into society. In order to investigate the overall perceptions of play and play space among the average child in their middle childhood, a questionnaire survey was distributed and analyzed using SSPS 15.0. This survey was conducted within the site specific context of South Korea. Interestingly enough, the differences in the responses can be organized into three main categories: age, gender and housing type. In result different directions for further study and research for future play spaces and play environments that support innovated/ self-initiated play have been suggested.

Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase α is induced in ganglioside-stimulated brain astrocytes and contributes to inflammatory responses

Sang Yoon Lee,Bokyung Kim,Sarah Yoon,Yeon Joo Kim,Tian Liu,Joo Hong Woo,Yong-Joon Chwae,Eun-hye Joe,주일로 생화학분자생물학회 2010 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.42 No.9

In brain tissue, astrocytes play defensive roles in central nervous system integrity by mediating immune responses against pathological conditions. Type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase α (PIP5Kα) that is responsible for production of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI[4,5]P2) regulates many important cell functions at the cell surface. Here, we have examined whether PIP5Kα is associated with astrocyte inflammatory responses. Gangliosides are releasable from damaged cell membranes of neurons and capable of inducing inflammatory responses. We found that treatment of primary cultured astrocytes with gangliosides significantly enhanced PIP5KαmRNA and protein expression levels. PI(4,5)P2 imaging using a fluorescent tubby (R332H) expression as a PI(4,5)P2-specific probe showed that ganglioside treatment increased PI(4,5)P2 level. Interestingly,microRNA-based PIP5Kα knockdown strongly reduced ganglioside-induced transcription of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα. PIP5Kα knockdown also suppressed ganglioside-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the degradation of IκB-α, indicating that PIP5Kα knockdown interfered with the ganglioside-activated NF-κB signaling. Together, these results suggest that PIP5Kαis a novel inflammatory mediator that undergoes upregulation and contributes to immune responses by facilitating NF-κB activation in ganglioside-stimulated astrocytes.

인터랙티브 인스톨레이션, ‘I’sland’

윤사라(Sarah Yoon),김영희(Yeong-hui Kim) 한국HCI학회 2023 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.2

Radiologic Abnormalities in Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review

Beck Kyongmin Sarah,Yoon Jeong-Hwa,Yoon Soon Ho 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.5

We systematically reviewed radiological abnormalities in patients with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined as persistently positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for SARS-CoV-2 for > 21 days, with either persistent or relapsed symptoms. We extracted data from 24 patients (median age, 54.5 [interquartile range, 44–64 years]) reported in the literature and analyzed their representative CT images based on the timing of the CT scan relative to the initial PCR positivity. Our analysis focused on the patterns and distribution of CT findings, severity scores of lung involvement on a scale of 0–4, and the presence of migration. All patients were immunocompromised, including 62.5% (15/24) with underlying lymphoma and 83.3% (20/24) who had received anti-CD20 therapy within one year. Median duration of infection was 90 days. Most patients exhibited typical CT appearance of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), including ground-glass opacities with or without consolidation, throughout the follow-up period. Notably, CT severity scores were significantly lower during ≤ 21 days than during > 21 days (P < 0.001). Migration was observed on CT in 22.7% (5/22) of patients at ≤ 21 days and in 68.2% (15/22) to 87.5% (14/16) of patients at > 21 days, with rare instances of parenchymal bands in previously affected areas. Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection usually presents as migrating typical COVID-19 pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, especially those with impaired B-cell immunity.