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Kim, Hyuk Soon,Kim, A-Ram,Kim, Do Kyun,Kim, Hyun Woo,Park, Young Hwan,Jang, Geun Hyo,Kim, Bokyung,Park, Yeong Min,You, Jueng Soo,Kim, Hyung Sik,Beaven, Michael A.,Kim, Young Mi,Choi, Wahn Soo AAAS 2015 Science signaling Vol.8 No.368
<P>Subsets of B cells inhibit various immune responses through their production of the cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). We found that IL-10-producing CD5(+) B cells suppressed the immunoglobulin E (IgE)- and antigen-mediated activation of mast cells in vitro as well as allergic responses in mice in an IL-10-dependent manner. Furthermore, the suppressive effect of these B cells on mast cells in vitro and in vivo depended on direct cell-to-cell contact through the costimulatory receptor CD40 on CD5(+) B cells and the CD40 ligand on mast cells. This contact enhanced the production of IL-10 by the CD5(+) B cells. Through activation of the Janus-activated kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway, IL-10 decreased the abundance of the kinases Fyn and Fgr and inhibited the activation of the downstream kinase Syk in mast cells. Together, these findings suggest that an important function of IL-10-producing CD5(+) B cells is inhibiting mast cells and IgE-mediated allergic responses.</P>
Kim, Bokyung,Ji, Kyunghee,Kho, Younglim,Kim, Pan-Gyi,Park, Kyunghwa,Kim, Kyungtae,Kim, Youngsuk,Kim, Ki-Tae,Choi, Kyungho Pergamon Press 2017 Chemosphere Vol.185 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cefadroxil and cefradine have frequently been detected in surface waters, however toxicological studies in aquatic organisms have mostly been limited to acute lethal effects. In the present study, endocrine disruption caused by cefadroxil and cefradine, and its underlying mechanism were investigated by chronic exposure of <I>Daphnia magna</I> (21 d) and <I>Oryzias latipes</I> (120 d). In medaka fish, the effects on growth, mortality, and reproduction, as well as on the levels of hormones and genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, were investigated after 120 d exposure. In <I>D. magna</I>, the chronic effects on growth were observed at the highest concentration of 83.0 mg L<SUP>−1</SUP> cefadroxil and 80.8 mg L<SUP>−1</SUP> cefradine. The growth of juvenile fish was significantly impaired by exposure to cefradine. Following exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine for 120 d, sex-dependent changes in E2 hormones were observed and their levels were supported by the regulation of genes along the HPG axis. We found that chronic exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine impaired growth and reproduction in a freshwater invertebrate and fish, and altered the levels of sex hormones and genes associated with the HPG axis in fish.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Cefadroxil and cefradine impaired growth in a freshwater invertebrate and a fish. </LI> <LI> Cephalosporin antibiotics altered gene transcriptions of the HPG axis in fish. </LI> <LI> Cefadroxil and cefradine modulated sex hormones and genes in a sex-dependent way. </LI> </UL> </P>
The Scaffold Protein Prohibitin Is Required for Antigen-Stimulated Signaling in Mast Cells
Kim, Do Kyun,Kim, Hyuk Soon,Kim, A-Ram,Jang, Geun Hyo,Kim, Hyun Woo,Park, Young Hwan,Kim, Bokyung,Park, Yeong Min,Beaven, Michael A.,Kim, Young Mi,Choi, Wahn Soo AAAS 2013 Science signaling Vol.6 No.292
<P><B>How to Prohibit Mast Cell Activation</B></P><P>Mast cells are the major effector cells of the allergic response. Binding of antigen to immunoglobulin E (IgE) molecules bound to the cell-surface, high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI results in receptor clustering, mast cell activation, and degranulation, resulting in the release of factors that mediate the allergic response. Phosphorylation and activation of the Src family kinases Lyn and Syk are critical for mast cell activation. Kim <I>et al</I>. found that the scaffold protein prohibitin (PHB), which mediates functions such as mitochondrial biogenesis and transcriptional regulation (see commentary by Yurugi and Rajalingam), was abundant in intracellular granules in mouse mast cells. Stimulation of mast cells with antigen resulted in the translocation of PHB to plasma membrane lipid rafts, which was required for the association of FcεRI with Syk, the activation of Syk, and degranulation. Knockdown of PHB in mice inhibited mast cell activation and anaphylaxis, suggesting that targeting PHB therapeutically may reduce allergic responses.</P>
Kim, Mee-Young,Kim, Ju-Hyun,Lee, Jeong-Uk,Lee, Lim-Kyu,Yang, Seung-Min,Jeon, Hye-Joo,Lee, Won-Deok,Noh, Ji-Woong,Lee, Tae-Hyun,Kwak, Taek-Yong,Kim, Bokyung,Kim, Junghwan The Society of Physical Therapy Science 2014 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE Vol.26 No.3
<P> [Purpose] Immobilization-induced atrophy is a general phenomenon caused by prolonged muscle disuse associated with orthopaedic conditions. However, changes in the phosphorylation of atrophy-related cofilin and LIM kinases are still poorly understood. In this study, we examined whether or not phosphorylation of cofilin and LIM kinases is altered in the skeletal muscles of rats after 3, 7, 14, and 21 days of cast immobilization. [Methods] We used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and western blotting to examine protein expression and phosphorylation in atrophied rat gastrocnemius muscles. [Results] The expression of the cofilin was detected in gastrocnemius muscle strips using proteomic analysis. Cast immobilization after 3, 7, 14, and 21 days significantly diminished the phosphorylation of cofilin and LIM kinases. [Conclusion] The present results suggest that cast immobilization-induced atrophy may be in part related to changes in the phosphorylation of cofilin and LIM kinases in rat skeletal muscles.</P>
Kim, Mee-Young,Lee, Jeong-Uk,Kim, Ju-Hyun,Lee, Lim-Kyu,Yang, Seung-Min,Park, Byoung-Sun,Jeon, Hye-Joo,Lee, Won-Deok,Noh, Ji-Woong,Kwak, Taek-Yong,Jang, Sung-Ho,Lee, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Ju-Young,Kim, Bokyung The Society of Physical Therapy Science 2014 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE Vol.26 No.11
<P>[Purpose] Studies have been using cell cultures of muscle cells to mimic atrophy in <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I> tests. However, changes in the activation of atrophy-related PKB/Akt is not fully understood in serum-free starved skeletal muscle cells. The purpose of the present study was to determine the change of PKB/Akt phosphorylation in L6 myoblasts under serum-free starvation conditions. [Methods] We used western blotting to examine PKB/Akt expression and phosphorylation in atrophied L6 myoblasts. [Results] The phosphorylation of PKB/Akt was significantly lower in L6 myoblasts under serum-free starvation than that of the control group. Serum-free starvation for 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours significantly decreased the phosphorylation of PKB/Akt. Furthermore, the decrease of PKB/Akt phosphorylation under serum-free starvation was partially restored by SP600125, an inhibitor of SAPK/JNK. [Conclusion] These results suggest that decrease of PKB/Akt phosphorylation due to serum-free starvation with low glucose is partially related to the activity of SAPK/JNK in L6 myoblasts.</P>
Kim, Soojin,Jeong, Jaewon,Jung, Hye-Seon,Kim, Bokyung,Kim, Ye-Eun,Lim, Da-Sol,Kim, So-Dam,Song, Yun Seon The Korean Society for Brain and Neural Science 2017 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.26 No.4
<P>Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which block inactivation of GLP-1, are currently in clinical use for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, GLP-1 has also been reported to have neuroprotective effects in cases of cerebral ischemia. We therefore investigated the neuroprotective effects of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, exendin-4 (ex-4), after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was induced in rats by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of ex-4 or ex9-39. Oxygen-glucose deprivation was also induced in primary neurons, bEnd.3 cells, and BV-2. Ischemia-reperfusion injury reduced expression of GLP-1R. Additionally, higher oxidative stress in SOD2 KO mice decreased expression of GLP-1R. Downregulation of GLP-1R by ischemic injury was 70% restored by GLP-1R agonist, ex-4, which resulted in significant reduction of infarct volume. Levels of intracellular cyclic AMP, a second messenger of GLP-1R, were also increased by 2.7-fold as a result of high GLP-1R expression. Moreover, our results showed that ex-4 attenuated pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> after MCAO. C-Jun NH<SUB>2</SUB> terminal kinase (JNK) signaling, which stimulates activation of COX-2, was 36% inhibited by i.c.v. injection of ex-4 at 24 h. Islet-brain 1 (IB1), a scaffold regulator of JNK, was 1.7-fold increased by ex-4. GLP-1R activation by ex-4 resulted in reduction of COX-2 through increasing IB1 expression, resulting in anti-inflammatory neuroprotection during stroke. Our study suggests that the anti-inflammatory action of GLP-1 could be used as a new strategy for the treatment of neuroinflammation after stroke accompanied by hyperglycemia.</P>
Development of chicken stock improved protein content and antioxidant activity
Bokyung Kim,Mi-Hwa Park,Seungcheol Lim,Inkyung Kim,Mihyang Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
This study aimed to develop a chicken stock and natural seasoning with improved protein content and antioxidant activity. The general components of chicken stock (CS) and chicken stock with apple (CSA) were analyzed. The sugar content (brix), salinity and pH of CS and CSA were not significantly different among the groups. However, CSA showed a significant increased in crude protein content compared to CS. We examined also the change in antioxidant activity by the pretreatment method of Lentinula edodes (LE) to be added to chicken stock. There were three types of pretreatment methods: raw, naturally dried, and roasted. The polyphenol content due to the difference in pretreatment method was not significant between raw and natural dried LE. However, the polyphenol content of LE by the roasting method was higher than that of the raw and natural drying methods. DPPH and ABTS activities were also higher in LE dried by the roasting method than raw and naturally dried LE. Therefore, we decided to use roasted LE for development of chicken stock. The above results are expected to help improve the functionality of chicken stock and develop healthy products.