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Lee, Gileung,Piao, Rihua,Lee, Yunjoo,Kim, Backki,Seo, Jeonghwan,Lee, Dongryung,Jang, Su,Jin, Zhuo,Lee, Choonseok,Chin, Joong Hyoun,Koh, Hee-Jong Springer US 2019 Rice Vol.12 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Although embryo accounts for only 2–3% of the total weight of a rice grain, it is a good source of various nutrients for human health. Because enlarged embryo size causes increase of the amount of nutrients and bioactive compounds stored within rice grain, giant embryo mutants of rice (<I>Oryza sativa</I> L.) are excellent genetic resources for improving the nutritional value of rice grains.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Three giant embryo mutants, including <I>large embryo</I> (<I>le</I>), <I>giant embryo</I> (<I>ge</I>) and <I>super</I>-<I>giant embryo</I> (<I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP>), with variable embryo size were used in this study. We investigated whether genes controlling embryo size in these mutants (<I>le</I>, <I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP>) were allelic to each other. Although <I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP> was allelic to <I>GIANT EMBRY</I> (<I>GE</I>), <I>le</I> was not allelic to <I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP> in allelism test. The <I>GE</I> gene carried a unique nucleotide substitution in each of the two mutants (<I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP>), resulting in non-synonymous mutations in exon 2 of <I>GE</I> in both mutants. However, the <I>GE</I> gene of the <I>le</I> mutant did not carry any mutation, suggesting that the enlarged embryo phenotype of <I>le</I> was governed by another gene. Using map-based cloning, we mapped the <I>LE</I> gene to the short arm of chromosome 3. The <I>le</I> mutant showed mild enlargement in embryo size, which resulted from an increase in the size of scutellar parenchyma cells. The <I>LE</I> encodes a C3HC4-type RING finger protein and was expressed to relatively high levels in seeds at a late developmental stage. Knockdown of <I>LE</I> expression using RNA interference increased the embryo size of rice grains, confirming the role of <I>LE</I> in determining the embryo size.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Overall, we identified a new gene controlling embryo size in rice. Phenotypic and molecular characterization results suggest that the <I>le</I> mutant will serve as a valuable resource for developing new rice cultivars with large embryos and nutrient-dense grains.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (10.1186/s12284-019-0277-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Lee, Jeonghwan,Cho, Jang-Hee,Lee, Jong Soo,Ahn, Dong-Won,Kim, Chan-Duck,Ahn, Curie,Jung, In Mok,Han, Duck Jong,Lim, Chun Soo,Kim, Yon Su,Kim, Young Hoon,Lee, Jung Pyo Wolters Kluwer Health 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.21
<▼1><P>Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with hepatitis B virus (HBV) have not been thoroughly evaluated. Here, we investigated recent posttransplant clinical outcomes of KTRs with HBV and compared them with KTRs with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and seronegative KTRs.</P><P>Of 3855 KTRs from April 1999 to December 2011, we enrolled 3482 KTRs who had viral hepatitis serology data; the patients were followed up for 89.1 ± 54.1 months. The numbers of recipients with HBV and HCV were 160 (4.6%) and 55 (1.6%), respectively. We analyzed the clinical outcomes, including overall mortality and graft failure, among patients who had undergone kidney transplantation.</P><P>Patients with HBV showed poorer survival (<I>P</I> = 0.019; adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.370; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.155–4.865) than KTRs without HBV. However, the graft survival of patients with chronic hepatitis B did not differ from that of patients without HBV. Hepatic complications were the primary causes of mortality of KTRs with HBV. Mortality significantly correlated with a higher grade of inflammation (<I>P</I> = 0.002) and with the use of lamivudine or adefovir antiviral treatment (<I>P</I> = 0.016). HBV-positive KTRs treated with the new-generation antiviral agent entecavir showed improved patient survival compared with KTRs receiving lamivudine (log-rank <I>P</I> = 0.050). HCV did not affect patient survival; however, it increased the incidence of graft failure (<I>P</I> = 0.010; adjusted HR = 2.899; 95% CI: 1.289–6.519). KTRs with HCV had an increased incidence of acute rejection (log-rank <I>P</I> = 0.005, crude HR = 2.144; 95% CI: 1.341–3.426; <I>P</I> = 0.001).</P><P>KTRs with chronic hepatitis B may exhibit poor survival due to post-transplantation hepatic complications. Pretransplant histological liver evaluations and adequate antiviral management with potent nucleoside/nucleotide analogues are needed to improve the survival of KTRs with chronic hepatitis B even when liver function is within the normal range.</P></▼2>
( Jeonghwan Lee ),( Seong Woo Lee ),( Jae Wook Lee ),( Ho Jun Chin ),( Kwon Wook Joo ),( Yon Su Kim ),( Curie Ahn ),( Suhnggwon Kim ),( Jeong Yeon Cho ),( Jin Suk Han ) 대한신장학회 2012 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.31 No.3
Background: Acute renal failure (ARF) with severe loin pain and patchy renal vasoconstriction (PRV) is a syndrome presenting with sudden loin pain after anaerobic exercise. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and the efficacy of diagnostic imaging studies of patients with this syndrome. Methods: We retrospectively selected 17 patients with ARF accompanied by loin or abdominal pain who showed multiple patchy wedge-shaped delayed contrast enhancements on a computerized tomography scan. Information about the clinical characteristics, including the nature of pain and combined symptoms, suspected causes, such as exercise, drug or alcohol intake, and renal hypouricemia, and the results of laboratory and imaging tests were gathered. Results: The mean age of patients with episodes of ARF accompanied by loin pain was 23.0±6.5 (range 16-35) years old. Pain was mainly located in the loin (70.6%) or abdominal area(76.5%) and continued for approximately 3.5±4.0 days. Exercise was suspected as a primary cause of disease in 12 (70.6%) patients. Maximal serum creatinine was 5.42±3.16 (1.4-12.1)mg/dL3.1±1.8 (1-7) days after the onset of pain. The peak level of serum uric acid was 9.41±2.91 (6.0-15.8) mg/dL. All of the patients recovered to near-normal renal function, and one patient showed hypouricemia after recovery. Conclusion: ARF with severe loin pain and PRV can present with loin or abdominal pain, even without a history of anaerobic exercise. Careful history taking and appropriate imaging studies are critical in the diagnosis and management of this syndrome.
AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes on nanopatterned AlN/sapphire substrates
Donghyun LEE,Jong Won LEE,Jeonghwan JANG,In-Su SHIN,Lu JIN,Jungsub KIM,Jinsub LEE,Hye-Seok NOH,Yong-Il KIM,Youngsoo PARK,Gun-Do LEE,Yongjo PARK,Jong Kyu KIM,Euijoon YOON 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8
GPS지리좌표 정보를 이용한 선박 위치 및 형상제어 연구
이정환(Jeonghwan Lee),이시경(Sikyong Lee),김한실(Hansil Kim),이장명(Jangmyung Lee) 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어로봇시스템학회 합동학술대회 논문집 Vol.1 No.1
대형 선박의 움직임에 맞춰서 소형선박을 연동하여 움직이게 하려면 이 형상을 정확히 알아야하고 이런 복합적인 운동을 위해 본 논문에서는 역학적인 수식 없이 단순하게 좌표 변환하여 현재 선박의 상태가 어떠한지 알아 낼 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 선박과 같은 운동 물체를 추적하기 위한 방법에는 광학, RF, 레이더, 카메라, 적외선 등 다양한 방법이 있다. 광학 장비(레이저센서)는 정확도가 높지만 상대적인 위치 결정을 할 수 밖에 없으며 또한 가시성이 확보되어야 하는 단점이 있다. 레디더 추적 장비는 기후의 영향은 받지 않으나 물체에 반사된 신호로 위치추적을 해야 하기 때문에 잡음도(Noise Level)가 높아 정확도가 떨어진다. 이를 해결하기 위해 본 논문의 목적은 GPS의 절대 위치를 이용하여 배의 이전 상태 및 현재 상태를 정확히 알아서 다음 진행 상황을 예측하는데 있다. 그러나 GPS의 원천 오차와 배가 고정적이지 않는 오차로 인하여 단순하게 GPS의 값을 읽어 배의 형상을 나타낼 수 없기 때문에 본 논문에서는 이러한 GPS좌표의 오차를 줄이고 정확한 지점을 추정하기 위한 알고리즘을 제시하여 선박이 형상과 위치를 알려준다.