http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Lee, Gileung,Piao, Rihua,Lee, Yunjoo,Kim, Backki,Seo, Jeonghwan,Lee, Dongryung,Jang, Su,Jin, Zhuo,Lee, Choonseok,Chin, Joong Hyoun,Koh, Hee-Jong Springer US 2019 Rice Vol.12 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Although embryo accounts for only 2–3% of the total weight of a rice grain, it is a good source of various nutrients for human health. Because enlarged embryo size causes increase of the amount of nutrients and bioactive compounds stored within rice grain, giant embryo mutants of rice (<I>Oryza sativa</I> L.) are excellent genetic resources for improving the nutritional value of rice grains.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Three giant embryo mutants, including <I>large embryo</I> (<I>le</I>), <I>giant embryo</I> (<I>ge</I>) and <I>super</I>-<I>giant embryo</I> (<I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP>), with variable embryo size were used in this study. We investigated whether genes controlling embryo size in these mutants (<I>le</I>, <I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP>) were allelic to each other. Although <I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP> was allelic to <I>GIANT EMBRY</I> (<I>GE</I>), <I>le</I> was not allelic to <I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP> in allelism test. The <I>GE</I> gene carried a unique nucleotide substitution in each of the two mutants (<I>ge</I> and <I>ge</I><SUP><I>s</I></SUP>), resulting in non-synonymous mutations in exon 2 of <I>GE</I> in both mutants. However, the <I>GE</I> gene of the <I>le</I> mutant did not carry any mutation, suggesting that the enlarged embryo phenotype of <I>le</I> was governed by another gene. Using map-based cloning, we mapped the <I>LE</I> gene to the short arm of chromosome 3. The <I>le</I> mutant showed mild enlargement in embryo size, which resulted from an increase in the size of scutellar parenchyma cells. The <I>LE</I> encodes a C3HC4-type RING finger protein and was expressed to relatively high levels in seeds at a late developmental stage. Knockdown of <I>LE</I> expression using RNA interference increased the embryo size of rice grains, confirming the role of <I>LE</I> in determining the embryo size.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Overall, we identified a new gene controlling embryo size in rice. Phenotypic and molecular characterization results suggest that the <I>le</I> mutant will serve as a valuable resource for developing new rice cultivars with large embryos and nutrient-dense grains.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (10.1186/s12284-019-0277-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Genotypic variation of embryo dent of rice grains
Yunjoo Lee,Gileung Lee,Rihua Piao,Sunmi Jang,Hee-Jong Koh 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
As the market demand on functionality rice has been increasing, embryo rice in which embryo residue remains even after milling has come to comsumers’ attention because rice embryo contains several functionality components. Consequently, development of rice varieties for higher rate of embryo adhesion to grains after milling has become one of the breeding objectives for quality improvement. In this study, we observed embryo dent of 49 commercial varieties and analyzed the relationship between embryo dent and grain size and shape. Embryo dent of rice grains varied 0.27 (Keunnun)~0.59 (Daerip 1) mm. Varieties Jinbu, Jinbo, Heugseol, Obong, Unkwang, and Cheongnam showed relatively deeper embryo dent, suggesting that they will be applicable in breeding for embryo rice. Embryo dent was correlated positively with grain width (r=0.53**) and grain size(r=0.34*), and negatively with grain width/length ratio (r= -0.38**). Strategies for breeding embryo rice were discussed in relation to embryo dent, grain size and shape.
Lee, Chan-Mi,Park, Jonghwa,Kim, Backki,Seo, Jeonghwan,Lee, Gileung,Jang, Su,Koh, Hee-Jong Springer US 2015 Rice Vol.8 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Grain size is one of the key factors determining yield and quality in rice. A large number of genes are involved in the regulation of grain size parameters such as grain length and grain width. Different alleles of these genes have different impacts on the grain size traits under their control. However, the combined influence of multiple alleles of different genes on grain size remains to be investigated. Six key genes known to influence grain size were investigated in this study: <I>GS3</I>, <I>GS5</I>, <I>GS6</I>, <I>GW2</I>, <I>qSW5</I>/<I>GW5</I>, and <I>GW8</I>/<I>OsSPL16.</I> Allele and grain measurement data were used to develop a regression equation model that can be used for molecular breeding of rice with desired grain characteristics.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 215 diverse rice germplasms, which originated from or were developed in 28 rice-consuming countries, were used in this study. Genotyping analysis demonstrated that a relatively small number of allele combinations were preserved in the diverse population and that these allele combinations were significantly associated with differences in grain size. Furthermore, in several cases, variation at a single gene was sufficient to influence grain size, even when the alleles of other genes remained constant. The data were used to develop a regression equation model for prediction of rice grain size, and this was tested using data from a further 34 germplasms. The model was significantly correlated with three of the four grain size-related traits examined in this study.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Rice grain size is strongly influenced by specific combinations of alleles from six different genes. A regression equation model developed from allele and grain measurement data can be used in rice breeding programs for the development of new rice varieties with desired grain size and shape.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-015-0066-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Phenotypic characterization and genetic mapping of an open-hull sterile mutant in rice.
Gileung Lee,Yoye Yu,Rihua Piao,Aeri Han,Sunghan Kim,Hee-Jong Koh 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
Rice hulls remain closed throughout the ripening period to maintain internal humidity of the grains. An Open-hull sterile mutant was induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea(MNU) treatment on Sinsunchalbyeo rice, a japonica type. This mutant showed open hulls even in the ripening stages and fully mature grains. In addition, several altered characteristics were observed, including of narrowed palea, decreased grain size, partial pollen sterility and erect panicle. Microscopic analysis showed that the palea was positioned slightly inside the lemma, and the size of palea decreased in the mutant. Genetic analysis of F2 and F3 segregation populations derived from the cross between the Open-hull sterile mutant (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica) and Milyang23 (O. sativa ssp. indica) indicated that the Open-hull trait was controlled by a single recessive allele. The fine-mapping with STS (sequence tagged site) markers revealed that the mutant gene was located on the short arm of chromosome 3. We were able to narrow it down until 30.6Kb where three candidate genes were found.