작가의 산책이 지니는 의미 - 로베르트 발저의 『산책』과 페터 한트케의 『어느 작가의 오후』를 중심으로

김경민 ( Kim¸ Kyungmin ) 한국독일어문학회 2021 독일어문학 Vol.94 No.-

로베르트 발저 Robert Walser의 『산책 Der Spaziergang』(1917)과 페터 한트케 Peter Handke의 『어느 작가의 오후 Nachmittag eines Schriftstellers』(1987)에서 나타나는 작가라는 직업을 가진 두 주인공들의 산책의 의미를 분석하고자 하였다. 비슷한 상황에 놓인 것처럼 보이는 두 작가들에게 있어서 산책은 다소 다른 의미를 가진다. 발저의 산책자는 창조적 활동의 과도한 압박감과 불안함에 휩싸여 서재로부터 도망치듯 거리로 나오지만, 그는 집필에 관한 생각을 이어나가며 산책이 집필, 그 자체라고 강조한다. 그리고 산책을 통한 육체적 움직임이 다시금 그의 정신을 움직이게 하고 그를 살아있게 만든다. 한트케의 산책자는 집필을 마친 후 떠난 산책에서 지나가는 행인들의 시선에 의해 망상에 빠지며 편집증의 조짐을 보인다. 그는 작가라는 직업을 가진 자신의 존재를 끊임없이 의심한다. 극도의 불안감에 휩싸인 그는 자신의 정신적 상태를 지속적으로 목도하게 된다. 본고는 현 시대에서도 여전히 일상적으로 행해지고 있는 여유롭고 한가로운 산책이 문학 속에서 작가의 창조적 활동과 동일시됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 자아발견에 중점을 둔 그 동안의 산책 모티브에 관한 연구로부터 차별화를 두어 정신적 건강을 위한 하나의 치료 수단으로의 산책의 의미를 살펴보고자 하였다. Es wird die Bedeutung des Spaziergangs für die Schrifsteller anaylisiert, die in Der Spaziergang(1917) von Robert Walser und Nachmittag eines Schriftstellers(1987) von Peter Handke auftreten. Obwohl beide Schriftsteller in einer ähnlichen Situation sind, erfüllt der Spaziergang für Sie leicht unterschiedliche Funktionen. Walsers Spaziergänger tritt auf die Straße hinaus als würde er vom Schreibtisch fliehen wollen, angesichts des hohen Drucks und der Angst vor der kreativen Tätigkeit. Jedoch betont er, dass der Spaziergang der Schreibprozess selbst sei. Und die körperliche Bewegung durch den Spaziergang ermögliche es ihm seinen Geist zu bewegen und schließlich zu leben. Handkes Spaziergänger, der anders als bei Walser erst nach seiner Schreibarbeit hinausgeht, gerät durch die Blicke anderer Passanten in Wahnvorstellungen und zeigt monomanische Anzeichen. Ihn belasten ständige Zweifel an seiner Existenz als Schriftsteller. Dadurch wird er selbst detailliert mit seinem psychischen Zustand konfrontiert, der von starker Angst geprägt ist. Dieser Aufsatz zeigt, dass der entspannte Spaziergang, der auch in der heutigen Zeit noch immer praktiziert wird, in der Literatur für den Schriftsteller gleichbedeutend mit seiner kreativen Tätigkeit ist. Darüber hinaus wird in Abgrenzung von Studien über Spaziergangsmotive, die sich auf die Selbstfindung konzentrieren, die Bedeutung des Spaziergangs als ‘ein therapeutisches Mittel’ für die psychische Gesundheit untersucht.

Conducting and interface characterization of carbonate-type organic electrolytes containing EMImBF4 as an additive against activated carbon electrode

Mingyeong Kim,Kyungmin Kim,Seok Kim 한국탄소학회 2015 Carbon Letters Vol.16 No.1

Carbonate-type organic electrolytes were prepared using propylene carbonate (PC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as a solvent, quaternary ammonium salts, and by adding different contents of 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMImBF4). Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry were performed to analyze conducting behaviors. The surface characterizations were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy method and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. From the experimental results, increasing the EMImBF4 content increased the ionic conductivity and reduced bulk resistance and interfacial resistance. In particular, after adding 15 vol% EMImBF4 in 0.2 M SBPBF4 PC/DMC electrolyte, the organic electrolyte showed superior capacitance and interfacial resistance. However, when EMImBF4 content exceeded 15 vol%, the capacitance was saturated and the voltage range decreased.

Tissue adhesive, rapid forming, and sprayable ECM hydrogel via recombinant tyrosinase crosslinking

Kim, Su-Hwan,Lee, Sang-Hyuk,Lee, Ju-Eun,Park, Sung Jun,Kim, Kyungmin,Kim, In Seon,Lee, Yoon-Sik,Hwang, Nathaniel S.,Kim, Byung-Gee Elsevier 2018 Biomaterials Vol.178 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report on a tissue adhesive hydrogel based on novel recombinant tyrosinase mediated crosslinking. The adhesive hydrogels were fabricated by the site-directed coupling of tyramine-conjugated hyaluronic acid (HA_t, 1% w/v) and gelatin (3% w/v) (HG_gel) with novel tyrosinase derived from <I>Streptomyces avermitilis</I> (SA_Ty). The enzyme-based crosslinking by SA_Ty was fast, with less than 50 s for complete gelation, and the SA_Ty based crosslinking enhanced the physical properties and adhesive strength of the hydrogel significantly with the native tissue samples. Furthermore, by optimizing the injection conditions, we tailored the enzyme-based crosslinking hydrogels to be injectable and sprayable with a medical syringe and commercial airbrush nozzle, respectively. An <I>in vivo</I> analysis of the adhesive hydrogel showed a negligible immune reaction. In this study, demonstrate that the novel enzyme-based crosslinking hydrogel has a robust potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Improvement of Gamma-ray Analysis Procedures for Reducing Human Error and Workload Using Automation

Kyungmin Kim,Jong Soo Nam,Sang-Mo Hwang,Hyo-Jong Kim,Duckha kim,Cheongyeon Cho,Hongrae Jeon 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1

Radioactive waste can be classified according to the concentration level for radionuclides, and the disposal method is different through the level. Gamma analysis is inevitably performed to determine the concentration of radioactive waste, and when a large amount of radioactive waste is generated, such as decommissioning nuclear facilities, it takes a lot of time to analyze samples. The performance of a lot of analysis can cause human errors and workload. In general, gamma analysis is performed using by HPGe detector. Recently, for convenience of analysis, commercial automatic sample changers applicable to the HPGe detectors were developed. The automatic sample changers generate individual analysis reports for each sample. In this study, gamma analysis procedure was improved using the application of the automatic sample changer and the automated data parsing using by Python. The application of automatic sample changers and data parsing technique can solve the problems. The human errors were reduced to 0% compared to the previous method by improving the gamma analysis procedure, and working time were also dramatically reduced. This automation of analysis procedure will contribute to reducing the burden of analysis work and reducing human errors through various improvements.

Enzyme-mediated tissue adhesive hydrogels for meniscus repair

kim, Su-Hwan,An, Young-Hyeon,Kim, Hwan D.,Kim, Kyungmin,Lee, Sang-Hyuk,Yim, Hyun-Gu,Kim, Byung-Gee,Hwang, Nathaniel S. Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.110 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Meniscus tissues have limited regenerative capacity once damaged. The treatment options for the meniscus tissue regeneration have been limited to arthroscopic meniscectomy or surgical interventions. The injectable hydrogels based system would provide an alternative to the conventional meniscus therapy by providing a minimally invasive treatment alternative. Here we utilized enzyme-based approaches to fabricate tissue adhesive hydrogels for meniscus repair. Tyramine (TA) conjugated hyaluronic acid (TA-HA) and gelatin are susceptible to tyrosinase (TYR)-mediated crosslinking <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. Importantly, mechanical properties and degradation kinetics are modulated by the TA substitution and TYR concentrations. In addition, TYR −mediated crosslinking displayed tissue-adhesive properties. Furthermore, fibrochondrocyte-laden and TYR-crosslinked hydrogels demonstrated strong biocompatibility and resulted in enhancement of cartilage-specific gene expression and matrix synthesis. Overall, this represents a potential application of enzyme-mediated crosslinking hydrogels for meniscus tissue engineering.</P>

Development of Organic Thin-film Transistors on a Biocompatible Parylene-C Substrate

KyungMin Kim,Sookyeong Kim,Ah-Hyun Hong,Yoojeong Ko,Hyowon Jang,Hyeok Kim,Dong-Wook Park 대한전자공학회 2023 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.23 No.1

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) fabricated on a biocompatible Parylene-C substrate can be applied to biosensors using a simple and cost-effective process. In this study, we developed biocompatible OTFTs by using organic materials to fabricate the substrate, gate dielectric, channel, and passivation layer. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was used to fabricate the OTFTs on a Parylene-C-based platform. As the gate dielectric, Parylene-C showed promising insulation properties. Finally, we generated a cyclic olefin polymer (COP) passivation layer to protect P3HT from oxygen and moisture, and the effect of the COP passivation layer on the P3HT channel was analyzed. The proposed materials and fabrication methods will be useful for various bio-applications of OTFTs.

Korean Society of Infectious Diseases/National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency Recommendations for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of Patients with COVID-19

Kim Sun Bean,Kim Jimin,Huh Kyungmin,Choi Won Suk,Kim Yae-Jean,Joo Eun-Jeong,Kim Youn Jeong,Yoon Young Kyung,Heo Jung Yeon,Seo Yu Bin,Jeong Su Jin,Yu Su-Yeon,Peck Kyong Ran,Choi Miyoung,Yeom Joon Sup 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.2

Neutralizing antibodies targeted at the receptor-binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein have been developed and now under evaluation in clinical trials. The US Food and Drug Administration currently issued emergency use authorizations for neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in non-hospitalized patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who are at high risk for progressing to severe disease and/or hospitalization. In terms of this situation, there is an urgent need to investigate the clinical aspects and to develop strategies to deploy them effectively in clinical practice. Here we provide guidance for the use of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of COVID-19 based on the latest evidence.

Recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 testing and organ procurement from deceased donors in the Republic of Korea

Kim Si-Ho,Wi Yu Mi,문치숙,Kang Ji-Man,Kim Minhwa,Kim Jungok,김종만,Seok Hyeri,Shi Hye Jin,Lee Su Jin,Lee Ji Yeon,Jeong Su Jin,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Huh Kyungmin,Lee Sang-Oh,Kim Sang Il 대한이식학회 2023 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.37 No.3

We present a summary of the evidence on testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and organ procurement from deceased donors and provide recommendations based on current clinical data and the guidelines from major transplant organizations. Because of the limited historical experience with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), certain recommendations in this document are based on theoretical rationales rather than clinical data. The recommendations in this manuscript may be subject to revision as subsequent clinical studies provide definitive evidence regarding COVID-19 in organ procurement.

Key Features in the Assembly of the KSTAR TF Magnets

kyungmin Kim,C.H. Choi,G.T. Lee,H.K. Kim,H.L. Yang,J. S. Bak,J.H. Lee,N.I. Her,S.T. Kim,Y.J. Oh 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III

The TF (Toroidal Field) magnet system of the KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) is under fabrication and assembly work. After the vacuum vessel (VV) is accurately installed on the tokamak pit, each of the 16 TF magnets is individually inserted into the torus of the VV through a 22.5 gap, toroidally rotated by the main assembly tool system, and set in its regular position. At the end of August 2005, 6 TF magnets of the 16 have been successfully assembled within an assembly tolerance ±1.00 mm. The conical bolts and shear keys in the intercoil structure of the TF magnet are assembled with conical spacers and half cylindrical spacers to assemble easily and to provide convenient adjustment for good alignment. As there are accumulated shifts of the TF magnet to the toroidal direction in the progress of assembly, the thickness of the insulation attached on the cover side of the TF magnet is regulated to adjust its shifts. After every TF magnet is assembled and pre-loaded, the magnetic axis of the KSTAR tokamak, the so called ‘Tokamak Datum’, will be accurately defined.;

Remote Memory and Cortical Synaptic Plasticity Require Neuronal CCCTC-Binding Factor (CTCF)

Kim, Somi,Yu, Nam-Kyung,Shim, Kyu-Won,Kim, Ji-il,Kim, Hyopil,Han, Dae Hee,Choi, Ja Eun,Lee, Seung-Woo,Choi, Dong Il,Kim, Myung Won,Lee, Dong-Sung,Lee, Kyungmin,Galjart, Niels,Lee, Yong-Seok,Lee, Jae-H Society for Neuroscience 2018 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.38 No.22

<P>The molecular mechanism of long-term memory has been extensively studied in the context of the hippocampus-dependent recent memory examined within several days. However, months-old remote memory maintained in the cortex for long-term has not been investigated much at the molecular level yet. Various epigenetic mechanisms are known to be important for long-term memory, but how the 3D chromatin architecture and its regulator molecules contribute to neuronal plasticity and systems consolidation is still largely unknown. CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is an 11-zinc finger protein well known for its role as a genome architecture molecule. Male conditional knock-out mice in which CTCF is lost in excitatory neurons during adulthood showed normal recent memory in the contextual fear conditioning and spatial water maze tasks. However, they showed remarkable impairments in remote memory in both tasks. Underlying the remote memory-specific phenotypes, we observed that female CTCF conditional knock-out mice exhibit disrupted cortical LTP, but not hippocampal LTP. Similarly, we observed that CTCF deletion in inhibitory neurons caused partial impairment of remote memory. Through RNA sequencing, we observed that CTCF knockdown in cortical neuron culture caused altered expression of genes that are highly involved in cell adhesion, synaptic plasticity, and memory. These results suggest that remote memory storage in the cortex requires CTCF-mediated gene regulation in neurons, whereas recent memory formation in the hippocampus does not.</P>