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황처리가 금속/InP Schootky 접촉과 $Si_3$$N_4$/InP 계면들에 미치는 영향
허준,임한조,김충환,한일기,이정일,강광남,Her, J.,Lim, H.,Kim, C.H.,Han, I.K.,Lee, J.I.,Kang, K.N. 대한전자공학회 1994 전자공학회논문지-A Vol.31 No.12
The effects of sulfur treatments on the barrier heithts of Schottky contacts and the interface-state density of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) capacitors on InP have been investigated. Schottky contacts were formed by the evaporation of Al, Au, and Pt on n-InP substrate before and after (NH$_{4}$)$_{2}$S$_{x}$ treatments, respectively. The barrier height of InP Schottky contacts was measured by their current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C_V) characteristics. We observed that the barrier heights of Schottky contacks on bare InP were 0.35~0.45 eV nearly independent of the metal work function, which is known to be due to the surface Fermi level pinning. In the case of sulfur-treated Au/InP ar Pt/InP Schottky diodes, However, the barrier heights were not only increased above 0.7 eV but also highly dependent on the metal work function. We have also investigated effects of (NH$_{4}$)$_{2}$S$_{x}$ treatments on the distribution of interface states in Si$_{3}$N$_{4}$InP MIS diodes where Si$_{3}$N$_{4}$ was provided by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The typical value of interface-state density extracted feom 1 MHz C-V curve of sulfur-treated SiN$_{x}$/InP MIS diodes was found to be the order of 5${\times}10^{10}cm^{2}eV^{1}$. This value is much lower than that of MiS diodes made on bare InP surface. It is certain, therefore, that the (NH$_{4}$)$_{2}$S$_{x}$ treatment is a very powerful tool to enhance the barrier heights of Au/n-InP and Pt/n-InP Schottky contacts and to reduce the density of interface states in SiN$_{x}$/InP MIS diode.
Development of the Cryostat Vessel for KSTAR Tokamak
N.I. Her,G.H. Kim,H. Shin,J.S. Bak,K.H. Hong,K.H. Park,B.C. Kim 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
The cryostat vessel of the KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) is a vacuum vessel that provides the necessary thermal barrier between the ambient temperature test cell and the superconducting magnet. This vessel is composed of an 8.8 m diameter central cylindrical section and two end closures, a flat base structure with external reinforcements, and a dome-shaped lid structure. The base structure has 8 equally spaced support legs anchored on the concrete base. The vessel design was executed to satisfy the performance and operation requirements. The major loads considered in the structural analysis were vacuum pressure, dead weight, electromagnetic load driven by plasma disruption, and seismic load. Fabrication of the vessel has been completed by Hyundai Heavy Industries. We confirmed that the test and inspection results were acceptable. The base structure was installed on the tokamak pit within specification. The cylinder and lid structure will be assembled in accordance with the assembly scenario. In this paper, the cryostat vessel design and fabrication results are summarized.l
허남일(N.I. Her),김병철(B.C. Kim),김근홍(G.H. Kim),홍권희(G.H. Hong),사정우(J.W. Sa),김학근(H.K. Kim),김경민(K.M. Kim),박주식(J.S. Bak) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.11
Vacuum vessel of the KSTAR(Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) tokamak is a fully<br/> welded structure with D-shaped cross-section. According to the requirements of the physics design, sixteen<br/> horizontal ports, sixteen slanted ports, sixteen baking and cooling ports, and twenty-four top and bottom<br/> vertical ports are designed for the diagnostics, plasma heating, vacuum pumping, and baking and cooling.<br/> Bellows on these ports are used for flexible components to absorb the relative displacement due to the<br/> vacuum vessel thermal expansion and the electromagnetic force between the vacuum vessel and the cryostat<br/> ports. Fatigue strength evaluation was performed to decide the dimension of the bellows. In order to assure<br/> the quality of the bellows, a prototype bellows for the neutral beam injection port has been fabricated and<br/> tested prior to main fabrication. It was conformed that the prototype bellows has sufficient fatigue strength<br/> and vacuum reliability in the expected load conditions.
Han, J,Kim, Y-L,Lee, K-W,Her, N-G,Ha, T-K,Yoon, S,Jeong, S-I,Lee, J-H,Kang, M-J,Lee, M-G,Ryu, B-K,Baik, J-H,Chi, S-G Macmillan Publishers Limited 2013 Cell death and differentiation Vol.20 No.8
ZNF313 encoding a zinc-binding protein is located at chromosome 20q13.13, which exhibits a frequent genomic amplification in multiple human cancers. However, the biological function of ZNF313 remains largely undefined. Here we report that ZNF313 is an ubiquitin E3 ligase that has a critical role in the regulation of cell cycle progression, differentiation and senescence. In this study, ZNF313 is initially identified as a XIAP-associated factor 1 (XAF1)-interacting protein, which upregulates the stability and proapoptotic effect of XAF1. Intriguingly, we found that ZNF313 activates cell cycle progression and suppresses cellular senescence through the RING domain-mediated degradation of p21<SUP>WAF1</SUP>. ZNF313 ubiquitinates p21<SUP>WAF1</SUP> and also destabilizes p27<SUP>KIP1</SUP> and p57<SUP>KIP2</SUP>, three members of the CDK-interacting protein (CIP)/kinase inhibitor protein (KIP) family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, whereas it does not affect the stability of the inhibitor of CDK (INK4) family members, such as p16<SUP>INK4A</SUP> and p15<SUP>INK4B</SUP>. ZNF313 expression is tightly controlled during the cell cycle and its elevation at the late G1 phase is crucial for the G1-to-S phase transition. ZNF313 is induced by mitogenic growth factors and its blockade profoundly delays cell cycle progression and accelerates p21<SUP>WAF1</SUP>-mediated senescence. Both replicative and stress-induced senescence are accompanied with ZNF313 reduction. ZNF313 is downregulated during cellular differentiation process in vitro and in vivo, while it is commonly upregulated in many types of cancer cells. ZNF313 shows both the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization in epithelial cells of normal tissues, but exhibits an intense cytoplasmic distribution in carcinoma cells of tumor tissues. Collectively, ZNF313 is a novel E3 ligase for p21<SUP>WAF1</SUP>, whose alteration might be implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including cancers.
KSTAR 진공용기 및 플라즈마 대향 부품에 대한 베이킹 해석
이강희(K. H. Lee),임기학(K. H. Im),허남일(N. I. Her),인상렬(S. R. In),조승연(S. Y. Cho) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1999 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.8 No.4(1)
KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) 토카막 핵융합 실험장치의 진공용기는 불순물이 적은 깨끗한 플라즈마 발생을 위해 기저압력이 초고진공(10^6~10^(-7)Pa)이어야 하며 이의 실현을 위해 진공용기 내부의 불순물을 제거할 목적으로 진공용기는 250℃, 각종 플라즈마 대향 부품들은 350℃까지 베이킹 될 필요성이 있다. 본 논문에서는 계획된 베이킹 시나리오에 준하여 필요 입열율을 산출해보고 이를 근거로 적절한 베이킹 계획을 정한 후 KSTAR 질소가스 유동 베이킹 시스템에 필요한 가스의 시간에 따른 온도와 유량을 산출하였다. The base pressure of the vacuum vessel of KSTAR tokamak is to be a ultra high vacuum, 10^6~10^(-7)Pa, to produce a clean plasma with low impurity concentrations. For this purpose, vessel and plasma facing components need to be baked up to 250℃, 350℃ respectively to remove impurities from the plasma-material interaction surfaces. Here the required heating power to be supplied for baking has been calculated according to pre-assumed different temperature profiles (baking scenario) and proper baking plan for KSTAR tokamak has been proposed. Mass flow rate and temperature of nitrogen gas for baking has also been calculated.
토카막 장치에서 자석 구조물의 조립에 관한 검토 KSTAR TF
김경민(K.M.Kim),최창호(C.H.Choi),홍권희(K.H.Hong),양형렬(H.L.Yang),유인근(I.K.Yu),허남일(N.I.Her),사정우(G.H.Kim),김학근(S.T.Kim),김근홍(H.T.Kim),김상태(J.S.Yang),김홍택(J.S.Bak),양진석(C.H.Kim),박주식(P.Z.Shick),김재호(J. Z. Kim) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.11
TF magnet structures are the main structural components in the KSTAR magnet systems to protect<br/> the superconducting coils from mechanical, electrical, and thermal loads. TF coil structure supports CS<br/> and PF coil system. The inter-coil structure contains adjustable shear keys and conical bolts to provide<br/> pre-loading in toroidal direction and to resist against in-plane and out-of-plane forces that are the most<br/> critical loads on the TF magnet system. The conical bolts and shear keys are specially designed to<br/> assemble easily and to provide a convenient accommodation for a good alignment. The connection plate<br/> that is one of the prototype fabrications had been manufactured to study adjustability of conical bolts<br/> and shear keys for assembly of TF coil structure. We could measure the misalignments at the keyways<br/> and conical holes with the misalignment measuring instrument.