견고한 고독의 세계 : Eine vergleichende Studie u¨ber Rilke und Hyon-seung Kim 릴케와 김현승

김재혁 한국독어독문학회 2002 獨逸文學 Vol.84 No.1

Der koreanische Dichter Hyon-seung Kim bekennt sich zu einem erheblichen Einfluß Rilkes auf seine Weltanschauung, insbesondere wegen Rilkes ernsthafter Haltung gegenu¨ber Leben und Kunst. In diesem Zusammenhang steht Kim unter dem starken Einfluß von Rilkes fru¨hen Werken wie Das Stunden-Buch und Das Buch der Bilder. Diese Werke behandeln wichtige Themen, die auch bei Kim ihren Niederschlag finden, das heißt Gott, Einsamkeit und Dichtung. Die Haltung des lyrischen Ichs bei Kim ist der Geba¨rde des lyrischen Ichs in Das Stunden-Buch sehr a¨hnlich. Der russische Mo¨nch in Rilkes Werk spricht aufs Knie fallend vor Gott Gebete, malt Ikonen und schreibt daru¨ber hinaus Verse. Diese fromme Haltung pra¨gt auch die des lyrischen Ich bei Kim. Ferner besteht große A¨hnlichkeit zwischen beiden Dichtern darin, dass die beiden in ihrer fru¨hen Zeit durch Gebet, also aus der Sehnsucht nach Gott, Verse schaffen. Man kann niemals bei Kim von der Einsamkeit im Herbst als literarischer Kulisse sprechen, ohne sich as Rilkes 「Herbsttag」zu erinnem. Trotzdem konnte Kim abda¨mmend gegen Rilkes Einfluß seine eigene Welt dadurch bewahren, dass er an der ihm eigentu¨mlichen Einsamkeit festha¨lt. Sein literarischer Verdienst findet sich dort, wo er mit Hilfe der Dinge und Ausdru¨cke solider Art seine existentielle Einsamkeit zu einem reinen poetischen Thema hat reifen lassen. Kims fester Glaube an die reine Einsamkeit entsprang seit Mitte der 1960er Jahre aus dem Mißtrauen gegen die christliche Gottheit und die fro¨mmelnden Christen. Unter diesen Umsta¨nden hatte er keinen anderen Weg, als nur auf das selbsta¨ndige Ich angewiesen zu sein. Zugleich hat er, wie seine Gedichte 「Absolute Einsamkeit」 und 「Solide Einsamkeit」zeigen, seine Einsamkeit positiv verarbeitet und ihr so einen Sin gegebenletzten Endes zu einer Ewigkeit, anders als Rilke, der auf jeden Fall seine Einsamkeit nur als Vorraussetzung fu¨r das Dichten betrachtet hat. Gerade hier hebt sich die originelle Seite der Einsamkeit von Kim gegen Rilke ab. In Hinsicht der sprachlichen Behandlung grenzen Kims Gedichte der absoluten Einsamkeit an Rilkes Dinggedichte in Neue Gedichte . Dieses Resultat ergibt sich daher, dass Kim seine dichterische Sprache wie ein Steinmetz meißelt, so dass er seine bloße Idee mit den soliden Ausdru¨cken bekleidet. Und dass Kim auf der Suche nach poetisch solider Gestaltung immer wieder auf sprachliche Pra¨chtigkeit und gefu¨hlvolles Pathos verzichtet hat, also dass er nach der "Poetischen Nu¨chternheit" gestrebt hat, bringt ihn noch mehr in die Na¨ch von Rilkes Dinggedichten. Aber Kim kehrte endgu¨ltig zu dem christlichen zuru¨ck, nachdem er Bluthochdruck erlitten hatte. Nach diesem Zwischenfall bereute er, dass er bisher - Gott aus dem Blick verlierend - zu dichterisch geneigt war. Natu¨rlich kann man auch in der literarischen Phase, wo er nur die absolute Einsamkeit verfolgt hatte, eine grundlegende Haltung mit Pra¨gung durch das christliche Ethos finden, Dies bedeutet, dass zu ihm die Einsamkeit eine Art Religion war. Also war seine Einsamkeit ein Prozess des christlichen Selbsterwachens. Wenn man die Tatsache in Betracht zieht, dass fu¨r ihn der Prozess der Einsamkeit eine Forsetzung des Dichtens war, so scheint seine Einamkeit ihr eigenes literarisches Dasein gefu¨hrt, moderne menschliche Bedingungen untersucht, und dadurch fu¨hlten sie sich menschlich gesteigert.

Immobilization with Ketamine HCI and Tiletamine-Zolazepam in Cynomolgus Monkeys

Myung-cheol Kim,Sung-hyeok Hong,Soo-jin Lee,Young-suk Kim,Jae-il Lee 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

with Ketamine HCl and Tiletamine-Zolazepam in Cynomolgus MonkeysJae-il Lee, Sung-hyeok Hong, Soo-jin Lee, Young-suk Kim and Myung-cheol Kim*Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, KoreaReceived March 4, 2003 / Accepted July 2, 2003J. Vet. Sci. (2003), 4(2), 187-191JOURNAL OFVeterinaryScience*Corresponding author: Myung-cheol Kim Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea Tel: +82-42-821-6757, Fax: +82-42-822-4216 E-mail: mckim@cnu.ac.kr

Metagenomic Analysis of Fungal Communities Inhabiting the Fairy Ring Zone of Tricholoma matsutake

( Miae Kim1 ),( Hyeok Jun Yoon ),( Young Hyun You ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Ju Ri Woo ),( Yeong Gyo Seo ),( Gyeong Min Lee ),( Young Ja Kim ),( Won Sik Kong ),( Jong Guk Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.10

Tricholoma matsutake, an ectomycorrhiza that has mutual relationships with the rootlet of Pinus denisflora, forms a fruiting body that serves as a valuable food in Asia. However, the artificial culture of this fungus has not been successful. Soil fungi, including T. matsutake, coexist with many other microorganisms and plants; therefore, complex microbial communities have an influence on the fruiting body formation of T. matsutake. Here, we report on the structures of fungal communities associated with the fairy ring of T. matsutake through the pyrosequencing method. Soil samples were collected inside the fairy ring zone, in the fairy ring zone, and outside the fairy ring zone. A total of 37,125 sequencing reads were obtained and 728 to 1,962 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were observed in the sampling zones. The fairy ring zone had the lowest OTUs and the lowest fungal diversity of all sampling zones. The number of OTUs and fungal taxa inside and outside the fairy ring zone was, respectively, about 2 times and 1.5 times higher than the fairy ring. Taxonomic analysis showed that each sampling zone has different fungal communities. In particular, out of 209 genera total, 6 genera in the fairy ring zone, such as Hemimycena, were uniquely present and 31 genera, such as Mycena, Boletopsis, and Repetophragma, were specifically absent. The results of metagenomic analysis based on the pyrosequencing indicate a decrease of fungal communities in the fairy ring zone and changes of fungal communities depending on the fairy ring growth of T. matsutake.

화학-기계적 우식 제거법을 이용한 유구치 우식의 치료 : 증례보고

이혁상,이재천,김영재,김정욱,김종철,장기택 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

전통적인 bur에 의한 우식치질의 삭제는 진동과 열에 의한 자극을 초래하기 때문에 아이들은 치과에 가는 것을 무서워 한다. 최근 전통적인 방법을 대체하는 방법을 개발하려는 노력이 이루어져 왔고, 화학-기계적인 우식 제거법 역시 이러한 시도 중 하나이다. Carisolv^(TM)는 세가지 아미노산과 낮은 농도의 sodium hypochlorite, 그리고 특별하게 고안된 수 기구로 구성된 제품이다. 본 증례는 Carisolv^(TM)로 치료한 두 증례를 보고한다. 우식 상아질을 Carisolv^(TM) gel과 기구로 제거하고 복합레진으로 수복하였다. The conventional drilling method of caries removal makes vibration and thermal stimuli, so that children are afraid of dental treatment. Recently, various non-invasive caries removal techniques of alternatives to traditional methods are introduced and chemo-mechanical canes removal is one of them. Carisolv^(TM) comprises a gel that is composed of three different amino acids and a low concentration of sodium hypochlorite and specially-designed hand instruments. This report describes two cases of dental caries treatment with Carisolv^(TM). The carious dentin was eliminated with Carisolv^(TM) gel with instruments and then composite resin restoration was conducted.

일본 보호관찰의 현황 및 그 시사점

김혁 ( Kim¸ Hyeok ) 한국소년정책학회 2021 少年保護硏究 Vol.34 No.2

As a result of recognizing the importance of treatment in society, the extension of probation has been steadily expanded, and accordingly, probation systems based on various laws have been established. Even if the name of probation is the same, there are systems with different legal characteristics, and the contents of probation or the effects of violations must be reviewed individually. In particular, in the case of parole and suspended execution imposed on adults, which account for most of the probation, problems such as the absence of intermediate sanctions in violation of compliance and the limitations of appropriate supervision and treatment have been steadily raised. In this situation, examining foreign-related systems and looking back on Korea's systems can provide a clue to the improvement of our system. Considering that the word probation itself accepted the Japanese term, it is meaningful to look at the current status of probation in Japan. Japan's probation system is the same as ours, but it is distinguished from ours in that partial suspension of execution is allowed. In Japan, as in Korea, partial revocation of suspension of execution is impossible, but unlike in Korea, partial suspension of execution is established to ensure the effectiveness of probation. Those who have been sentenced to suspension of execution for part of their sentences will be treated within society through probation for the remaining period of probation after the detention is terminated. By introducing such a system, Japan is attempting to avoid the problem of a short parole period and solve the problem of difficulty in supervising and supervising upon release. With the recidivism rate of those under probation still high, it is necessary to devise a system that can ensure the effectiveness of probation and secure a sufficient period of treatment in society in Korea.

Impact of Interferon-Based Treatment on Quality of Life and Work Related Productivity from the Korean Cohort in the MOSAIC Study

( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Won Hyeok Choe ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Jeong Heo ),( Dorota Latarska-smuga ),( Jiho Kang ),( Seung Woon Paik ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection increases the risk for progressive liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and negatively impacts the patient’s quality of life. HCV treatment is evolving with direct acting antivirals but IFN based therapy has been the standard of care for many years and remains available in some countries. The MOSAIC study aims to characterize patients with chronic HCV infection and assess the impact of IFN-containing treatment on health-related quality of life, work related productivity and health care utilization. Methods: MOSAIC is an international prospective multicenter observational study that has been conducted in 20 countries. Consecutive patients with chronic HCV infection were enrolled and those who initiated an IFN based regimen were prospectively followed for 48 weeks. We report results from the Korean cohort Results: 100 patients were enrolled: 86 were treatment naïve and 14 were treatment experienced. 33 patients initiated an IFN based regimen: 6 patients started IFN + RBV, 26 patients started Peg-IFN + RBV, none started Peg-IFN + RBV + DAA and 1 patient received other treatment. Among the treated cohort, demographic and disease characteristics were the following: the mean age was 54.5 years; 14 patients were male. 14 had minimal or no fibrosis, 2 portal fibrosis, 3 bridging fibrosis and 6 patients suffered from cirrhosis. HCV Genotype distribution was as follows: genotype 1: 11; genotype 2: 19 and genotype 3: 3. Table 1 describes the results at baseline and changes over 4, 12 and 48 weeks and end-of-treatment (EOT) for the quality of life and work productivity outcome measures (EQ-5D-5L, HCV-PRO and WPAI). Conclusions: Results from the Korean cohort of the MOSAIC study show a moderate trend for deterioration of health-related quality of life and work productivity associated with IFN based treatment for patients with chronic HCV infection during treatment period. Acknowledgements: The design, study conduct, analysis, and financial support of MOSAIC study were provided by AbbVie. AbbVie participated in the interpretation of data, review, and approval of the content of the abstract. All authors had access to all relevant data and participated in writing, review, and approval of this abstract. Medical writing support was provided by Olivier Van de Steen of Medeor-consulting, funded by AbbVie. Disclosures: Sang Hoon Ahn: served as an advisor and lecturer for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, F.Hoffmann-La Roche, Merck, AbbVie, and has received unrestricted grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, and F. Hoffmann-La Roche for investigator- initiated trials Won Hyeok Choe: Nothing to disclosure Yoon Jun Kim: Nothing to disclosure Jeong Heo: received a grant from GSK; Research support from BMS, and Roche; Advisor for Abbvie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, Pharma Essentia, SillaJen, and Johnson & Johnson. Dorota Latarska-Smuga, Jiho Kang: are employees of AbbVie, Inc. and may hold stock or stock options. Seung Woon Paik: received grant and research support from AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, GSK, Merck, Novartis, and Roche

녹취서와 녹음테이프의 증거능력 등에 대한 실무적 고찰 : 대법원 2012.9.13. 선고 2012도7461 판결을 중심으로

김혁돈 梨花女子大學校 法學硏究所 2014 法學論集 Vol.19 No.2

대상판결은 녹음테이프에 녹음된 내용을 증거로 사용하고자 할 경우, 녹음테이프의 증거능력을 인정할 수 있는 요건과 녹음테이프의 진술내용을 담고 있는 녹취록의 증거능력의 인정범위에 관한 판결들이다. 대상판결①에서는 녹음테이프를 피고인이외의 자의 진술기재서류로 보아 작성자의 서명날인과 진정성립을 요구하고 있다. 그러나 녹음테이프를 전문법칙이 적용되는 진술기재서류로 보기는 힘들다고 할 것이다. 이는 전문법칙이 적용되는 전문진술에 대한 오해에서 기인한 것으로 녹음테이프의 녹음내용을 증거로 삼는 경우에는 녹음테이프 자체를 물적 증거로 파악해야 할 것이다. 대상판결②에서는 증거자료가 되는 것은 여전히 녹음테이프에 녹음된 대화의 내용이고, 그 중 피고인의 진술내용은 실질적으로 형사소송법 제311조, 제312조 규정 이외에 피고인의 진술을 기재한 서류와 같으므로 피고인이 그 녹음테이프를 증거로 할 수 있음에 동의하지 않은 이상 그 녹음테이프 검증조서의 기재 중 피고인의 진술내용을 증거로 사용하기 위해서는 형사소송법 제313조의 서명날인과 진정성립을 요구하고 있다. 참고판결에서도 일관되게 녹취서 등과 녹음테이프의 녹음내용의 동일성을 요구하고 있는데, 그렇다면 굳이 녹음테이프를 진술기재서류로 인정하고 녹취서 등과의 내용의 진정성을 요구할 것이 아니라 녹음테이프 자체를 물적 증거로 인정하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다. 대상판결과 같이 진술의 존재 자체가 문제되는 경우에는 더욱 녹음테이프 자체를 물증으로 파악하는 것이 논리의 일관성을 가져올 수 있고, 전문법칙의 적용여부에 있어 녹음테이프를 진술기재서류로 파악하는 논리적 비약을 피할 수 있다고 생각된다. This ruling is about the judgments in the case of using the content of recording on the recording tape that the requisite and the acceptance range of admitting the admissibility of evidence of the recording tape. In the judgment case number one, the recording tape is considered as the document of written statement from someone other than defendant. Therefore, the signature and seal and the authenticity are required. However, it is hard to see the recording tape as document of written statement that the exclusive rule of hearsay is applied. It comes from the misunderstanding of hearsay statement that the exclusive rule of hearsay applies, and in the case of using the content of recording on the recording tape as evidence then the recording tape itself should be considered as a material evidence. In the judgment case number two, the evidential material is contents of recording on the recording tape, and the defendant's statement is practically the same as document of written statement. Thus, unless the defendant agreed to use the recording tape as an evidence, to use the defendant's statement as evidence out of the written report on admissibility of evidence of the recording tape, it is required to have the signature and seal and authenticity according to article 1 of the criminal law. In the reference ruling, it is required to have identity between transcript of recording and content of recording on the recording tape, if that is the case, then it is advisable to accept recording tape itself as material evidence instead of admitting recording tape as document of written statement and requiring authenticity of content of the recording. Just like in this ruling, when the existence of statement itself constitutes the problem, understanding recording tape itself as material evidence can bring the consistency of logic and can be avoid the jump in the logic that understanding recording tape as document of written statement in the applicability of the exclusive rule of hearsay law.

工業敎育大學 機械科와 化工科의 敎育課題 開發을 위한 韓獨 共同 現場調査硏究

金基會,李輔成,李來烈,周赫鍾,朴鍾鎬,Bode, R.,Winkler, H.,Sigrist, L.,Echtermeyer, K.,Petzinna, C. 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1982 論文集 Vol.5 No.1

In 1950s, until the end of the Korean War, economy of the Republic of Korea has been strongly oriented to agriculture. From 1960s to 1970s, four times successive Economic Development Plan has changed its economic aspects to the labor oriented export industry one. This change is connected with big problem. One of these problems which is important for the success is education in the field of technology. Then, College of Industrial Education at Chungnam National University is assigned being Koreas first, only and unique institution to educate the teachers for Technical High Schools, thus, to contribute to a prosperous development of the nation skilled manpower in a cardinal point. The main goal of this field study is to gather useful materials and informations, relevant and meaningful for the development of curricula measurments within the field of vocational technical education. This includes not only pre-vocational education in Technical High School but also the training of technical teachers at C.I.E.. After analysing the informations and results of this field study we can find quite a lot of possible recommendations for persons and institutions involved in vocational-technical education. But we will express only a certain amount of them, 1) Put higher emphasis on basic vocational qualifications ! 2) Provide realistic perspectives towards the world of work ! 3) Link theory and practice in vocational-technical education ! 4) Develop an active qualification strategy in schools ! 5) Develop thoroughly appropriate curricula ! 6) Reduce the number of students in classes ! 7) Adapt the equipment of schools towards educational goals ! 8) Integrate vocational practice into technical education !

산악자전거(MTB) 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

김혁출,남일호 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study were to investigate the present state and problems of MTB in Korea through to analysis the state and policy support plan of the sports in advanced nations. Then using the literature investigation. in-depth interview, survey, and specialist meeting methods as data collection and analysis. The MTB have several problem as an aspect of the law and system in Korea. On the basis of the analysis, we find out some policy plan for the activation of MTB. In common, MTB as leisure sports should be make new law for inclusive controling. And also, unification of administrative organ, organization of related group, improve of training system, preparation of safety regulation about facility and equipment, and support of club activity.

조직특성이 시장지향성과 생산성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 부산지역의 벤처기업을 대상으로 Focus on Venture Business in Busan

김정수,윤혁권 한국생산성학회 2003 生産性論集 Vol.17 No.1

In the era of unlimited global competition, each eountry is breeding the venture business which has superior thchnology in order to acquire the comparative advantage of international competition. Especially, restoration and visualization of competitiveness of this study is analyze the impact of the organization traits and markey orientation on productivity in Busan through the performance of venture business. In order to analyze the factors influencing the productivity of venture business, Multiple regression was executed with SPSS PC+. The results of multiple regression are as follows : First, organizational ooperation affected to the competitive and customer orientation positivelyand organizational systems affected to the competitive and customer orientation positively. Second, organizational cooperaton and systems affectev to the productivity of venture business positively. Third, competitie and customer orientation affected to the productivity of venture business positively. The results of this study will be useful to establish the rational strategy of venture business.