體力章制度의 關心度比較에 關한 調査硏究 : 馬山市 男子高等學校 進學, 比進學者를 中心으로 Comparison of advancing to higher education and onadvancing highe education for the boy high school, Masan-si

鄭民煥,李錫南,朴昌植,丁小鳳,金成根 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 1978 體育學論文集 Vol.6 No.-

In the result of the research on the interests to the physical strength code system of boy high school (Comparison) of advancing to higher education and nonadvancing to higher education), it was possible to deduce the following conclusion and the suggestions from the theoretical background and the assumptions mentioned above forwarded by this research. 1. The understanding in the system of P.S.C. in inefficient. 2. The system failed to provide to one's strengh buiding 3. The training for P.S.C. is always not practiced consistently but being exercised on the immediate of inspection. 4. The understanding on the itemized purpose of its inspection is relatively low. 5. The inspection has something to do with the entrance examination and conderned because of the directive score points. 6. The inspection system failed to show a fairness and a lot of contradictions have been pointed out in the course of its execution. 7. In a comparison of advancing to higher education and nonadvanoing to higher education, the latter has not considered a special necessity. 8. The relative importance for the entrance examination by current inspection of P.S. has shown as fitted one. 9. It is not well comed to practice only in the training of P.S.C. at the assigned time to P.S. From the above conclusion, the following suggestions are required. 1. It is required that the system of P.S.C. is to be equally alotted to the all physical curriculum so that the guidance with the possitive plans be undertaken in the ordinal time. 2. It should not be limited of the system of P.S.C. in reflecting to the result of entrance examination for the boys of advancing to higher educations, and but considered in the dimension of national aspects, and the systematic backing policy enabling to exercise with a interest to the system of P.S.C even for the group of non-advancing for higher education be necessary. 3. A objectivity making the inspection thorough and correct in the course of execution, of the system of P.S.C. is required. 4. The fairness of inspection should be maintained by a sufficient training in advance for the staffs of the physical strength inspection and the inconsistencies should be developed. 5. The items of sport(Swiming, physical exercise, shooting etc.) beside the items of current P.S. inspection is recommended to be added. In the end, by strengthening the grade of current P.S. inspection, it is necessary to let people know that it Is very hard to get a special grade without a consistent effort in ordinary day.

Measurements of surgeons’ exposure to ionizing radiation dose: comparison of conventional and mini C-arm fluoroscopy

Sung, K. H.,Min, E.,Chung, C. Y.,Jo, B. C.,Park, M. S.,Lee, K. SAGE Publications 2016 The journal of hand surgery. journal of the Britis Vol.41 No.3

<P>This study was performed to measure the equivalent scattered radiation dose delivered to susceptible organs while simulating orthopaedic surgery using conventional and mini C-arm fluoroscopy. In addition, shielding effects on the thyroid, thymus, and gonad, and the direct exposure delivered to the patient's hands were also compared. A conventional and mini C-arms were installed in an operating room, and a hand and an operator phantom were used to simulate a patient's hand and a surgeon. Photoluminescence dosimeters were used to measure the equivalent dose by scattered radiation arriving at the thyroid, thymus, and gonad on a whole-body phantom in the position of the surgeon. Equivalent scattered radiation doses were measured in four groups: (1) unshielded conventional C-arm group; (2) unshielded mini C-arm group; (3) lead-shielded conventional C-arm group; and (4) lead-shielded mini C-arm group. Equivalent scattered radiation doses to the unshielded group were significantly lower in the mini C-arm group than those in the conventional C-arm group for all organs. The gonad in the lead-shielded conventional C-arm group showed the highest equivalent dose among operator-susceptible organs, and radiation dose was reduced by approximately 96% compared with that in the unshielded group. Scattered radiation was not detected in any susceptible organ in the lead-shielded mini C-arm group. The direct radiation dose to the hand phantom measured from the mini C-arm was significantly lower than that measured from the conventional C-arm. The results show that the equivalent scattered radiation dose to the surgeon's susceptible organs and the direct radiation dose to a patient's hand can be decreased significantly by using a mini C-arm rather than a conventional C-arm. However, protective lead garments, such as a thyroid shield and apron, should be applied to minimize radiation exposure to susceptible organs, even during use of mini C-arm fluoroscopy.</P>

아마씨의 급여가 착유우의 영양소 소화율 , 유생산성 및 유지방내 지방산조성에 미치는 영향

정태영(T . Y . Chung),송만강(M . K . Song),문철성(C . S . Moon),김종민(C . M . Kim),김동일(D . I . Kim),심정석(J . S . Sim) 한국영양사료학회 1996 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.20 No.5

농후사료 급여수준이 비거세 한우의 증체와 부위별 지방조직의 지방산 조성에 미치는 효과

송만강,김내수,정정수,최양일,원유석,정재경,최성호 ( M . K . Song,N . S . Kim,C . S . Chung,Y . I . Choi,Y . S . Won,J . K . Chung,S . H . Choi ) 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.5

The study was conducted with 63 Hanwoo bull calves of 193 days old for 19 months(up to 26 month of age) to examine the effect of feeding level of concentrate on the body weight gain, feed requirements and fatty acid composition of adipose tissues of various locations(subcutaneous, abdominal, kidney, intermuscular and intramuscular fats). The calves were allotted into 3 treatments according to the feeding level of concentrate(85, 100 and 115%), and fed concentrates of Grower(7∼10 month of age), Finisher I(11∼16 month of age), Finisher II (17∼20 month of age) and Finisher III(21∼26 month of age). The feeding levels of concentrates for the cattle of 85% and 115% were decreased or increased by 15%, respectively, up to 15 month of age based on the similar body weight to the cattle of 100%. The feeding levels of the concentrates for the cattle of 85% and 100% were continuously increased for the next 2 months, to make same levels as for the cattle of I15%, thereafter amount of concentrate were continuously increased based on the rate of body gain for all the cattle. The cattle were fed in a individual feeding system through the experimental period. The cattle were slaughtered at the ages of 6, 14, 18 and 24 month and adipose tissues were collected to analyze long chain fatty acids. Results observed from the study were summarized as follows Overall mean dry matter intake and body gain per day and feed requirements of Hanwoo bulls during the 19 months of feeding from 193 day old calves were 6.69㎏, 0.95㎏ and 7.06, respectively. Body gain of the Hanwoo bulls during experimental period was greatly affected by the feeding level of concentrate, but feed requirement was improved up to 20 month of age with the decreased feeding level of concentrate. Fatty acids of C_(16:0) C_(18:0) and C_(18:1) in the adipose tissues at various locations of Hanwoo bulls were dominated. The feeding level of concentrate did not affect the fatty acid composition except for C_(16:1) and C_(18:1) in subcutaneous fat, and C_(18:1) and C_(18:2) in intramuscular fat of the cattle that were fed at the level of 85% at the age of 14 month(P$lt;.05). No differences were observed in fatty acid composition of adipose tissues of each location for the cattle of 18 and 24 month of age among treatments. There were tendencies of greater C_(16:1) and C_(18:1) in subcutaneous and intramuscular fats while higher C_(18:0) in abdominal fat. There were also trends of greater unsaturated fatty acid compositions in subcutaneous and intramuscular fats and higher saturated fatty acids in abdominal, kidney and intermuscular fats. Percent C_(18:0) tended to be decreased while C_(16:1) C_(18:1) and C_(18:2) increased with the age of Hanwoo bulls.

산란계 사료내 CLA 함유 Oil (CLAzen 80) 첨가가 난황내 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향

황보종,장종수,정일병,이병석,김동운,조성백,김희도,배해득,손진혁,홍의철,최낙진,Hwangbo J.,Chang J. S.,Chung I. B.,Lee B. S.,Kim D. U.,Cho S. B.,Kim H. D.,Bae H. D.,Son J. H.,Hong U. C.,Choi N. J. 한국가금학회 2005 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

본 연구는 oil 형태의 conjugated linoleic acid(CLAzen 80)를 산란계 사료에 수준별로 첨가 급여하였을 때 산란율과 난황내 지방산 조성의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 59주령의 산란계 72수를 완전임의배치법으로 4개 처리구에 6주간 공시하였다. 처리구는 CLAzen 80를 첨가하지 않은 대조구와 각각 1, 2 및 $3\%$를 첨가구를 두었다. 연구 결과를 살펴보면 산란율은 처리구별 통계적 유의차가 없었지만, 난황내 지방산 조성은 CLAzen 80 첨가에 의하게 크게 영향을 받았다. 난황내 C16:0과 C18:0과 같은 포화 지방산 함량은 CLAzen 80 첨가에 의하여 증가하였으나, 일가불포화지방산인 C18:1 함량은 오히려 감소하였다. 한편, 난황내 C18:2와 C18:3와 같은 다가불포화지방산은 CLAzen 80 급여 2$\~$4주사이에는 모든처리구들에 있어서 그 함량이 일정하게 유지되었다. 그러나, 대조구와 비교하여 CLAzen 80 급여 6주 째에는 난황내 C18:2 함량이 감소하였다. 불포화지방산:포화지방산 비율과 n-6:n-3 불포화지방산 비율은 2$\~$4주 사이에는 처리구별간에 통계적 유의차가 없었고, 6주째 불포화지방산:포화지방산 비율이 CLAzen 80 첨가에 의하여 감소하였다. 한편, 난황내 CLA 함량은 CLAzen 80 첨가수준에 비례하여 증가하였다. 따라서, 산란계 사료 내 CLAzen 80 첨가는 난황내 CLA 함량을 증진시키는 것으로 요약할 수 있다. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of varying levels of dietary oil containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the egg production and fatty acid composition of egg yolk. Seventy-two 59-wk-old ISA Brown laying hens were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments, each consisting of three replicates with six birds per replicate. There were four treatments that consist of diets containing 0, 1, 2, or $3\%$ commercial CLA-containing oil. Egg production was not significantly different among the dietary treatments at 0, 2, 4, and 6 week. The proportion of saturated fatty acids such as C16:0 and C18:0 in egg yolk were increased, but that of monounsaturated fatty acid C18:1 was decreased by feeding CLA-containing oil supplementation. However, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as C18:2 and C18:3 in egg yolk were not different among dietary treatments at 2 and 4 wk of the experiment. At 6 week, the proportion of C18:2 in egg yolk was decreased by feeding CLA-containing oil compared with the control. Polyunsaturated fatty acid:saturated fatty acid (P:S) ratio and n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio were similar across the treatments between 2 and 4 week. The P:S ratio was decreased by dietary CLA-containing oil supplementation at 6 week. The proportion of CLA in egg yolk was linearly increased with increasing levels of CLA-containing oil supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of CLA-containing oil to laying hens increased beneficially increased CLA content in their egg yolk.

A phase II study of S-1 monotherapy administered for 2 weeks of a 3-week cycle in advanced gastric cancer patients with poor performance status

Jeung, H-C,Rha, S Y,Shin, S J,Ahn, J B,Noh, S H,Roh, J K,Chung, H C Nature Publishing Group 2007 The British journal of cancer Vol.97 No.4

<P>Systemic chemotherapy for gastric cancer is often associated with treatment-related toxicity, which is particularly severe in patients with a poor performance status. In this paper, we describe the first study to evaluate S-1 monotherapy as an option for advanced gastric cancer patients who are not candidates for combination chemotherapy due to poor clinical condition. Fifty-two patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance scale 2–3, whose general condition had made use of combination chemotherapy impossible, were enrolled. S-1 was administered to 30 patients as second- or third-line therapy. The initial dose of S-1 was 35 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>, administered b.i.d for 14 days every 3 weeks. With a median follow-up period of 33 weeks, the median progression-free survival, and overall survival were 11 weeks (95% CI, 8–14) and 33 weeks (95% CI, 19–47), respectively. The overall 1-year survival rate was 29% by intent-to-treat analysis. The overall response rate was 12% (95% CI, 3–21), and the percentage of stable disease was 35%, resulting in the disease control rate of 47% (95% CI, 32–60). Significant drug-related toxicity included grade 3 diarrhoea (14%), anorexia (14%), fatigue (10%), neutropenia (10%), and leucopenia (6%). In conclusion, this study indicated the modest activity of S-1 in gastric cancer patients with poor performance status.</P>

Identification of a Novel SNP Associated with Meat Quality in C/EBP${\alpha}$ Gene of Korean Cattle

Shin, S.C.,Kang, M.J.,Chung, E.R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.4

CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ${\alpha}$($C/EBP{\alpha}$) plays an important role in lipid deposition and adipocyte differentiation. In order to find genetic markers to improve the meat quality of Korean cattle, the bovine $C/EBP{\alpha}$ gene was chosen as a candidate gene to investigate its association with carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was identified at position 271 (A/C substitution) of coding region in the $C/EBP{\alpha}$ gene. A PCR-RFLP procedure with restriction enzyme SmaI was developed for determining the marker genotypes. The frequencies of alleles C and A and were 0.374 and 0.626, respectively. The genotype frequencies for CC, AC and AA were 12.9, 49.0 and 38.1%, respectively, in Korean cattle population. The frequencies of genotype were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Association analysis indicated that the gene-specific SNP marker of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ showed a significant association with marbling score (p<0.05). The animals with AA genotype had higher marbling score than those with the AC or CC genotype. Although further studies are needed to validate our results, the $C/EBP{\alpha}$ gene could be useful as a genetic marker for carcass and meat quality traits in Korean cattle.

CIE L 기준에 의한 PSE 육과 정상육의 육질 및 도체특성에 관한 연구

정일병,이무하,김태헌,이영창,김동훈,김일석,채현석,김웅배 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.6

Two hundreds and twenty two pork carcasses from a commercial breed were investigated for meat quality and carcass traits of PSE and normal pork classified by CIE L value. pH and conductances were taken on 1(pH₁, C₁), 3(pH₃, C₃), 6(pH_6, C_6) and 24 hr postmortem(pHu, C_u). Significant differences between PSE and normal pork were observed in pH₁, pH_u (p $lt; 0.001) and pH₃(p $lt; 0.05). But, no significant difference was found in pH_6. Although, there was no significant difference in C₁, significant differences are found in C₃(p $lt; 0.05), C_6 (p $lt; 0.01) and C_u(p$lt;0.001). The water holding capacity(WHC) were significantly lower(p$lt;0.01) in the PSE compared to the normal pork. The cooking loss were significantly higher(p $lt; 0.05) in the PSE compared to the normal pork. The CIE L value was highly related with NPPC color scale(R²=0.77), moderately related with pH_u (R²=0.45), C_u(R²=0.57), WHC(R²=0.49), cooking loss(R²=0.45) and juiciness(R²=0.43), and poorly related with pH₃(R²=0.27), pH_6(R²=0.27) and conductances(R²=0.05-0.15). Consequently, the results suggest that pork quality classification by CIE L value expresses obvious differences in most of important pork quality parameters like pH₁, pH_u, C_u visual color and WHC.

Enhanced ammonia dehydrogenation over Ru/La(x)-Al₂O₃ (x=0-50 mol%): Structural and electronic effects of La doping

Chung, D.B.,Kim, H.Y.,Jeon, M.,Lee, D.H.,Park, H.S.,Choi, S.H.,Nam, S.W.,Jang, S.C.,Park, J.H.,Lee, K.Y.,Yoon, C.W. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.42 No.3

<P>Ru (1.0 wt% loaded)-based catalysts supported on La(x)-Al2O3 (x = 0,1, 5,10, and 50 mol%) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The as-prepared La(x)-Al2O3 materials were found to have increased amounts of the LaAlO3 phase as the La doping level (x) increased from 0 to 50 mol%. In addition to metal-to support interactions between Ru and Al2O3, the newly formed LaAlO3 phase in the Ru catalysts was proposed to interact strongly with Ru active sites based on the XRD, H-2-TPR and XPS results. The Ru/La(x)-Al2O3 catalysts were active for the dehydrogenation of ammonia, and among them, the Ru/La(10)-Al2O3 and Ru/La(50)-Al2O3 (or Ru/LaAlO3) catalysts exhibited superior performance with >96% conversions of ammonia at 550 degrees C. When an increased Ru content (2.0 wt%) was impregnated onto La(10)-Al2O3, the dehydrogenation activity was significantly improved with nearly 100% conversion (>95%) of ammonia at 500 degrees C. This catalyst further displayed an enhanced thermal stability towards ammonia decomposition with the GHSV(NH3) of 10,000 mL/g(cat)h at 550 degrees C for >120 h. The incorporated element La is thought to play an important role in enhancing metal-support interaction, ultimately facilitating ammonia dehydrogenation even at low temperatures. (C) 2016 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

C language를 위한 Concurrent Programming 환경의 개발

윤용익(Y I Yoon),조주현(J H Cho),정영조(Y C Chung),강석열(S Y. Kang) 한국정보과학회 1988 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.15 No.1

Multiprocessor system이 널리 보급되고 사용됨에 따라 concurrent programming은 더욱 더 중요한 feature가 되어가고 있다. 기존의 C 언어는 concurrent programming을 위한 feature들을 가지고 있지 못하나, 본 논문에서는 concurrent processing이 가능한 Concurrent-C 언어를 설계, 구현하였다. Concurrent feature들을 첨가하는 방법으로는 여러 종류의 runtime library routine들을 제공하여 C program 내에서 이 routine들을 call하는 방식을 사용하였다. Concurrent-C는 UNIX 환경하에서 구현되었으며, 실제로 C compiler를 제공하는 어떠한 OS 상에서도 host machine의 종류에 관계없이 구현될 수 있다.