Histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A affects porcine oocyte maturation in vitro

Jin, Yong-Xun,Zhao, Ming-Hui,Zheng, Zhong,Kwon, Jung-Suk,Lee, Seul-Ki,Cui, Xiang-Shun,Kim, Nam-Hyung CSIRO Publishing 2014 Reproduction, fertility, and development Vol.26 No.6

<P> Previous studies show that porcine oocyte aging resulting from asynchronised IVM impairs embryo developmental competence. In the present study we investigated whether trichostatin A (TSA; an inhibitor of histone deacetylation) prolongs the maturation time and prevents the aging of oocytes. Porcine oocytes were cultured in medium containing increasing concentrations of TSA (300 nM) for 24, 44 or 64 h. The percentage of oocytes that underwent germinal vesicle breakdown was significantly lower in the TSA-treated group (300 nM) than in the control group. TSA did not affect oocyte quality at MII based on levels of maturation-promoting factor, the phosphorylation status of mitogen-activated protein kinase or histone H3K9 acetylation analysis. We also compared the preimplantation developmental competence and the viability of pathenogenetic embryos treated with 100 nM TSA for 24 h and then continuously cultured for another 24 h in TSA free condition. No significant differences were observed for either parameter between the TSA-treated and control groups. These results indicate that TSA prolongs the IVM of porcine oocytes but that oocyte quality and aging are not affected. These findings provide a feasible option by which to adjust the initiation time of downstream experiments based on porcine matured oocytes. </P>

Two new ursane-type triterpenoid saponins from Elsholtzia bodinieri

Jin-Dong Zhong,Xue-Wei Zhao,Xuan-Qin Chen,Hong-Mei Li,Chin-Ho Chen,Xue-Shan Xia,Rong-Tao Li 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.6

Two new ursane-type triterpenoid saponins,bodiniosides M (1) and N (2), along with three knownsaponins, oblonganosides I (3), pseudobuxussaponin B (4)and bodinioside A (5), were isolated from the aerial partsof Elsholtzia bodinieri. The structures of compounds 1 and2 were characterized by spectroscopic data as well as acidhydrolysis and GC analysis as 3-O-b-D-xylopyranosyl-19ahydroxy-23-acetoxy-urs-12(13)-en-28-oic acid 28-O-a-Lrhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-b-D-glucopyranoside and 3-O-b-Dglucopyranosyl-2a,19a-dihydroxy-urs-12(13)-en-28,20blactone. Compounds 1 and 5 exhibited potent anti-HCVactivities in vitro with a selective index of 6.53 and 4.41,respectively.

Values of Three Different Preoperative Regimens in Comprehensive Treatment For Young Patients with Stage Ib2 Cervical Cancer

Zhao, Yi-Bing,Wang, Jin-Hua,Chen, Xiao-Xiang,Wu, Yu-Zhong,Wu, Qiang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and intracavity brachytherapy in comprehensive treatment for young patients with stage Ib2 cervical cancer. Methods: One hundred and twelve young patients with stage Ib2 cervical cancer were enrolled retrospectively in our hospital from January 2003 to June 2005. They were categorized into three groups according to preoperative regimens, including the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (Group 1, n=38), the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Group 2, n=49), and the intracavity brachytherapy group (Group 3, n=25). Radical hysterectomy was performed following these regimens. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were given according to pelvic lymph node metastasis, deep cervical stromal invasion, intravascular cancer emboli, histological grading, vaginal stump and positive surgical margin. Results: The cancer disappearance and superficial muscle invasion rates were statistically significantly better in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group than in the other two groups (P<0.01). No statistically significant difference was noted in the deep muscle invasion rate, surgical time and intraoperative blood loss among three groups, but significantly more postoperative complications occurred in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group. The 2-year pelvic recurrence was statistically significantly lower in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group compared to other two groups, while the 5-year survival was higher. Conclusion: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is efficacious for young patients with stage Ib2 cervical cancer.

Heavy concrete shielding properties for carbon therapy

Jin-Long Wang,Jiade J Lu,Da-Jun Ding,Wen-Hua Jiang,Ya-Dong Li,Rui Qiu,Hui Zhang,Xiao-Zhong Wang,Huo-Sheng Ruan,Yan-Bing Teng,Xiao-Guang Wu,Yun Zheng,Zi-Hao Zhao,Kai-Zhong Liao,Huan-Cheng Mai,Xiao-Dong Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6

As medical facilities are usually built at urban areas, special concrete aggregates and evaluation methods are needed to optimize the design of concrete walls by balancing density, thickness, material composition, cost, and other factors. Carbon treatment rooms require a high radiation shielding requirement, as the neutron yield from carbon therapy is much higher than the neutron yield of protons. In this case study, the maximum carbon energy is 430 MeV/u and the maximum current is 0.27 nA from a hybrid particle therapy system. Hospital or facility construction should consider this requirement to design a special heavy concrete. In this work, magnetite is adopted as the major aggregate. Density is determined mainly by the major aggregate content of magnetite, and a heavy concrete test block was constructed for structural tests. The compressive strength is 35.7 MPa. The density ranges from 3.65 g/cm³ to 4.14 g/cm³, and the iron mass content ranges from 53.78% to 60.38% from the 12 cored sample measurements. It was found that there is a linear relationship between density and iron content, and mixing impurities should be the major reason leading to the nonuniform element and density distribution. The effect of this nonuniformity on radiation shielding properties for a carbon treatment room is investigated by three groups of Monte Carlo simulations. Higher density dominates to reduce shielding thickness. However, a higher content of high-Z elements will weaken the shielding strength, especially at a lower dose rate threshold and vice versa. The weakened side effect of a high iron content on the shielding property is obvious at 2.5 µSv=h. Therefore, we should not blindly pursue high Z content in engineering. If the thickness is constrained to 2 m, then the density can be reduced to 3.3 g/cm³, which will save cost by reducing the magnetite composition with 50.44% iron content. If a higher density of 3.9 g/cm³ with 57.65% iron content is selected for construction, then the thickness of the wall can be reduced to 174.2 cm, which will save space for equipment installation.

Nematicidal activity against Aphelenchoides besseyi and Ditylenchus destructor of three biflavonoids, isolated from roots of Stellera chamaejasme

Hui Jin,Haiyan Cui,Xiaoyan Yang,Lihong Xu,Xudong Li,Rentao Liu,Zhiqiang Yan,Xiuzhuang Li,Weili Zheng,Yuhui Zhao,Xiaoxia Song,Lihua Zhong,Anxiang Su,Bo Qin 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4

Aphelenchoides besseyi and Ditylenchus destructor can cause serious problems for a number of important agricultural crops and vegetables. In this study, the ethanol extract of Stellera chamaejasme L. roots showed strong nematicidal activity against Aphelenchoides besseyi and Ditylenchus destructor. By using a bioactivity-driven fractionation, three biflavonoids were isolated from the extract and their structures were identified by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. Nematicidal activity bioassays revealed that isoneochamaejasmin A had the strongest nematicidal activity against A. besseyi and D. destructor with LC 50 values of 2.32 and 0.18 mM at 72 h, respectively. Chamaejasmenin B displayed weaker nematicidal activity against A. besseyi with an LC 50 value of 3.94 mM at 72 h. Neochamaejasmin B induced the lowest mortality against D. destructor with an LC 50 values of 15.6 mM at 72 h. These results suggested that the kind and position of substitutions and the relative configuration of 2-H/3-H and 2”-H/3”-H could be considered as important factors responsible for the nematicidal activity of these purified C-3/C-3″ biflavonoids.

Construction of polysulfone anion exchange hybrid membranes by incorporating carbon quantum dots and facilitated transport mechanisms

Yuan Jin,Xiu Zhang,Tianci Feng,Mei-Sheng Li,Huifang Xiao,Shouyong Zhou,Yijiang Zhao,Jing Zhong,Dawei Yang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.115 No.-

Low ion conductivity and poor alkali resistance are still the two major obstacles for the applications ofanion exchange membranes (AEMs). In this work, the combined strategies of Carbon quantum dots(CQDs) hybrid and cross-linking modification via side-chains designing were employed to prepareorganic–inorganic hybrid AEMs. Then, the cross-linked quaternized polysulfone (CQPSf-CQDs) hybridAEMs by incorporating carbon quantum dots were successfully fabricated. After hybrid and crosslinking,the mechanical properties of CQPSf-CQDs hybrid AEMs were higher than that of the pristineone, reaching 49.4 MPa for the best one. Meanwhile, the existence of CQDs can expand the hydrophilicarea in the membrane, which is beneficial to the transport of OH. The incorporated CQDs interact weaklywith cationic groups in the side chains through hydrogen bonds. The simulation results further demonstratedthat the introduction of CQDs was beneficial to the construction of hydrophilic and hydrophobicdomains, thereby increasing OH conductivity. In addition, the prepared hybrid membranes own excellentdimensional stabilities and ion transport performances. These preliminary results give us a lot ofhopes for further experiments and optimizations for the hybrid AEMs.

Endophytic Trichoderma gamsii YIM PH30019: a promising biocontrol agent with hyperosmolar, mycoparasitism, and antagonistic activities of induced volatile organic compounds on root-rot pathogenic fungi of Panax notoginseng

Chen, Jin-Lian,Sun, Shi-Zhong,Miao, Cui-Ping,Wu, Kai,Chen, You-Wei,Xu, Li-Hua,Guan, Hui-Lin,Zhao, Li-Xing The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4

Background: Biocontrol agents are regarded as promising and environmental friendly approaches as agrochemicals for phytodiseases that cause serious environmental and health problems. Trichoderma species have been widely used in suppression of soil-borne pathogens. In this study, an endophytic fungus, Trichoderma gamsii YIM PH30019, from healthy Panax notoginseng root was investigated for its biocontrol potential. Methods: In vitro detached healthy roots, and pot and field experiments were used to investigate the pathogenicity and biocontrol efficacy of T. gamsii YIM PH30019 to the host plant. The antagonistic mechanisms against test phytopathogens were analyzed using dual culture, scanning electron microscopy, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Tolerance to chemical fertilizers was also tested in a series of concentrations. Results: The results indicated that T. gamsii YIM PH30019 was nonpathogenic to the host, presented appreciable biocontrol efficacy, and could tolerate chemical fertilizer concentrations of up to 20%. T. gamsii YIM PH30019 displayed antagonistic activities against the pathogenic fungi of P. notoginseng via production of VOCs. On the basis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, VOCs were identified as dimethyl disulfide, dibenzofuran, methanethiol, ketones, etc., which are effective ingredients for antagonistic activity. T. gamsii YIM PH30019 was able to improve the seedlings' emergence and protect P. notoginseng plants from soil-borne disease in the continuous cropping field tests. Conclusion: The results suggest that the endophytic fungus T. gamsii YIM PH30019 may have a good potential as a biological control agent against notoginseng phytodiseases and can provide a clue to further illuminate the interactions between Trichoderma and phytopathogens.

Large Instrument- and Detergent-Free Assay for Ultrasensitive Nucleic Acids Isolation via Binary Nanomaterial

Liu, Huifang,Zhao, Fei,Jin, Choong Eun,Koo, Bonhan,Lee, Eun Yeong,Zhong, Linlin,Yun, Kyusik,Shin, Yong American Chemical Society 2018 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.90 No.8

<P>Nucleic acid-based diagnostics are widely used for clinical applications due to their powerful recognition of biomolecule properties. Isolation and purification of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA in the diagnostic system have been severely hampered in point-of-care testing because of low recovery yields, degradation of nucleic acids due to the use of chaotropic detergent and high temperature, and the requirement of large instruments such as centrifuges and thermal controllers. Here, we report a novel large instrument- and detergent-free assay via binary nanomaterial for ultrasensitive nucleic acid isolation and detection from cells (eukaryotic and prokaryotic). This binary nanomaterial couples a zinc oxide nanomultigonal shuttle (ZnO NMS) for cell membrane rupture without detergent and temperature control and diatomaceous earth with dimethyl suberimidate complex (DDS) for the capture and isolation of nucleic acids (NA) from cells. The ZnO NMS was synthesized to a size of 500 nm to permit efficient cell lysis at room temperature within 2 min using the biological, chemical, and physical properties of the nanomaterial. By combining the ZnO NMS with the DDS and proteinase K, the nucleic acid extraction could be completed in 15 min with high quantity and quality. For bacterial cells, DNA isolation with the binary nanomaterial yielded 100 times more DNA, than a commercial spin column based reference kit, as determined by the NanoDrop spectrophotometer. We believe that this binary nanomaterial will be a useful tool for rapid and sensitive nucleic acid isolation and detection without large instruments and detergent in the field of molecular diagnostics.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Detection for Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Potato Virus Y by DNA Chips Techniques

Hui Jia,Jin-Zhong Wang,Si-yuan Wen,Sheng-Qi Wang,Jin-Gao Dong,Min-Zhao Zhang 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

RNAi suppression of nuclear receptor genes results in increased susceptibility to sulfoxaflor in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Lu Xu,Chun-Qing Zhao,De-Jin Xu,Guang-Chun Xu,Xiao-Long Xu,Zhao-Jun Han,Ya-Nan Zhang,Zhong-Yan Gu 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.2

Nuclear receptors (NRs), which belong to a superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, play essential roles in gene regulation to affect numerous physiological pathways. Twenty NR genes were identified in Nilaparvata lugens by using genomic, transcriptomic and GenBank databases, and categorized into NR0-NR6 subfamilies according to standard nomenclature. Among them, three NR geneswere classed into NR0, four into NR1, eight into NR2, one into NR3, one into NR4, two into NR5, and one into NR6, respectively. A phylogenetic tree of NRs from N. lugens and other representative species was constructed, which provided evolutionary insight into genetic distance. In order to investigate the NRs,whichwere induced by sulfoxaflor, time- and tissue-specific expression profiles of NR genes in fourth-instar nymphs were determined following LD50 sulfoxaflor treatment (0.28 ng/insect) and compared with control samples. NlUSP, NlE78, NlTLL, NlHR51, NlHR83, NlPNR and NlFTZ-F1 were highly expressed following 12–48 h of sulfoxaflor treatment. NlHR39 and NlDSF transcripts were detected in the head and the thorax, respectively. High-level and constitutive expression of NlHR3, NlTLL, NlHR83, NlFTZF1 and NlHR4 were found in the abdomen. Feeding of dsRNAs reduced the expression of NlHR3, NlUSP, NlTLL, NlHR83, NlPNR, NlFTZ-F1 and NlHR4 (35.48–49.77%) and caused significant nymph mortality (69.21–81.45%). These NRs, considered as insecticide targets, may play important function in sulfoxaflor detoxification.