Improvement of Anti-wrinkle Properties of Cotton Fabrics Treated with Additives of Neutral Salts

Huifang Xiao,Kelu Yan,Bolin Ji 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.7

By employing 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as the finishing agent, SHP as the catalyst and neutral salts NaCl and Na2SO4 as the additives, anti-wrinkle finish of cotton fabrics was carried out here. According to the Donnan equilibrium model and the actions of neutral salts in dyeing process of cellulosic fabrics, NaCl and Na2SO4 should both promote the adsorption of BTCA anions onto the surface of fibers and diffusion into the interior of fibers. Consequently, BTCA would crosslink the interior molecular chains of cellulose, improving the anti-wrinkle properties of treated fabrics. In fact, experimental results confirmed the hypothesis that the two additives of neutral salts indeed both improved wrinkle recovery angle (WRA) of the treated fabrics and the optimal molar ratio of NaCl or Na2SO4 to BTCA was 0.2:1 or 0.3:1, respectively. The neutral salts reduced the dosage of BTCA without decreasing WRA, reducing the manufacturing cost. Besides, the fabrics treated with neutral salts presented good durability. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Xray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses revealed that neutral salts could catalyze the formation of BTCA anhydride by decreasing hydrogen-bond interactions between BTCA molecules.

No-substrate and low-moisture conditions during pupating adversely affect Ectropis grisescens (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) adults

Huifang Wang,Shiping Liang,TaoMa,Qiang Xiao,Panrong Cao,Xuan Chen,Wenquan Qin,Hongpeng Xiong,Zhaohui Sun,XiujunWen,Cai Wang 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.2

Ectropis grisescens Warren (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is an important defoliator pest of the tea plant, Camellia sinensis L. Our previous studies showed that E. grisescens pupae had significantly lower body water content when they pupated in the dry soil (20%-moisture) than those that pupated in the wetter soil (50%- or 80%-moisture). However, it is still unclear whether low-moisture conditions during pupating would further influence the physiological and fitness traits of adults. In the present study, E. grisescens individuals were allowed to pupate in 20%-, 50%- or 80%-moisture soil (silt loam), or in containers without soil (no-substrate conditions) in the laboratory. No significant difference in emergence was detected among different pupating conditions. However, female moths that emerged from 20%-moisture soil had significantly lower body water content compared to 80%-moisture soil, whereas the body water content of males was similar among the four treatments. The paired moths that emerged from 20%-moisture soil laid significantly fewer eggs than those that emerged from 50%- moisture soil. In addition, the number of hatched offerings (larvae) were significantly less when the adults previously pupated in no-soil containers compared to 50%-moisture soil. The longevity of adults was shortest when they emerged from 20%-moisture soil. Our study showed that the no-substrate and low-moisture conditions during pupating adversely affected E. grisescens adults.

Effects of soil-treatment with fungal biopesticides on pupation behaviors, emergence success and fitness of tea geometrid, Ectropis grisescens (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

TaoMa,Huifang Wang,Shiping Liang,Qiang Xiao,Panrong Cao,Xuan Chen,Ying Niu,Yurong He,Zhaohui Sun,XiujunWen,Cai Wang 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.1

Ectropisgrisescens Warren (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is one of the most severe defoliating pests of tea plants. Synthetic pesticides have been widely applied to control this pest in tea plantations, but pesticide residues may decrease the quality and safety of tea products. In the present study, we hypothesized that soil treatment with the two commercial biopesticides (Shuiguxin ® ) based on Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) could reduce the survivorship and fitness of E. grisescens. Wandering larvae of E. grisescens were allowed to pupate in soil treated with each biopesticide, and the concentrations of M. anisopliae (Shuiguxin ® ) and B. bassiana (Shuiguxin ® ) that produced the 50% mortality values (LC 50 ) were 2.9 × 10 6 and 1.6 × 10 7 conidia/g soil, respectively. Artificial burying the pupae using soil treated with M. anisopliae (Shuiguxin ® ) and B. bassiana (Shuiguxin ® ) (1 × 10 8 or 1 × 10 9 conidia/g soil for both biopesticides) also significantly reduced emergence success of E. grisescens. In addition, choice tests showed that soil treated with the high concentration of M. anisopliae (Shuiguxin ® ) or B. bassiana (Shuiguxin ® ) had repellent effects on pupating E. grisescens. However, sublethal concentrations (LC 25 and LC 50 ) of both biopesticides did not significantly affect fecundity, fertility and longevity of post-emerged adults. Our study showed that soil treatment with the two commercial biopesticides caused direct mortality of pupating E. grisescens, but may not effectively suppress E. grisescens populations at sublethal concentrations. The realistic application of the fungal dosage in fields should be determined in future studies

Construction of polysulfone anion exchange hybrid membranes by incorporating carbon quantum dots and facilitated transport mechanisms

Yuan Jin,Xiu Zhang,Tianci Feng,Mei-Sheng Li,Huifang Xiao,Shouyong Zhou,Yijiang Zhao,Jing Zhong,Dawei Yang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.115 No.-

Low ion conductivity and poor alkali resistance are still the two major obstacles for the applications ofanion exchange membranes (AEMs). In this work, the combined strategies of Carbon quantum dots(CQDs) hybrid and cross-linking modification via side-chains designing were employed to prepareorganic–inorganic hybrid AEMs. Then, the cross-linked quaternized polysulfone (CQPSf-CQDs) hybridAEMs by incorporating carbon quantum dots were successfully fabricated. After hybrid and crosslinking,the mechanical properties of CQPSf-CQDs hybrid AEMs were higher than that of the pristineone, reaching 49.4 MPa for the best one. Meanwhile, the existence of CQDs can expand the hydrophilicarea in the membrane, which is beneficial to the transport of OH. The incorporated CQDs interact weaklywith cationic groups in the side chains through hydrogen bonds. The simulation results further demonstratedthat the introduction of CQDs was beneficial to the construction of hydrophilic and hydrophobicdomains, thereby increasing OH conductivity. In addition, the prepared hybrid membranes own excellentdimensional stabilities and ion transport performances. These preliminary results give us a lot ofhopes for further experiments and optimizations for the hybrid AEMs.

Tryptophan-assisted hydrothermal synthesis and sodium hydroxide-induced phase transformation of zirconia nanocrystals with excellent adsorption performance

Zhang Laijun,Tong Jizao,Li Yijia,Xu Caili,Wan Song,Xiao Huifang 한국세라믹학회 2023 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.60 No.4

A serial of zirconia (ZrO 2) nanocrystals was hydrothermally synthesized without or with the addition of a certain amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution using a new water-soluble zirconium precursor solution obtained by mixing zirconium oxychloride octahydrate with nonpolar amino acid tryptophan (Trp) in water. The morphology and crystal structure of the resulting ZrO 2 nanocrystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that when using Trp as the sole additive without any addition of NaOH solution, pure monoclinic-phase Trp-coated ZrO 2 nanorods with the average diameter and length of about 5 and 27 nm were formed and further assembled anisotropically into 40–70 nm tetragonal star- like nanostructures. The addition of the increasing NaOH solution in the Trp-assisted hydrothermal reaction induced gradual transformation of both crystal structure and morphology of the resulting ZrO 2 products, which fi nally evolved into sheet-like aggregates of pure tetragonal-phase 5–7 nm ZrO 2 nanospheres simultaneously coated by both Trp and –OH groups/OH − ions. These ZrO 2 products synthesized in the presence of both Trp and NaOH solution compared with those synthesized with the addition of either only Trp or NaOH solution showed more excellent adsorption abilities towards cationic dye rhodamine B, with high adsorption efficiencies of up to 80% within 30 min, and can be potentially applied as absorbents for chemical wastewater treatment.