Correlation Between Different Antidiarrheal Treatments and Changes in Chemical Components of Allii Sativi Bulbus Before and After Steaming Treatment Based on Flora Sequencing and In Vitro Experiments

Yarong Li,Yaqian Zhou,Huanjin Liu,Chenxu Wei,Shuli Chen,Zhengying Hua,Yan Xu,Yu Wu,Weidong Li 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.10

We investigated the changes in the main active ingredients and pharmacodynamic differences in the therapeutic effect of garlic before and after steaming and the correlation between them. The main active ingredients in raw garlic products (RGPs) and steamed garlic products (SGPs) were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Acute rapid diarrhea (AD) and antibiotic-induced diarrhea (DD) models were established in rats, and each group was treated with RGP and SGP, respectively. The main chemical components of garlic changed before and after steaming. Garlicin and alliinase were only found in RGP, whereas only alliin was found in SGP. Both RGP and SGP contained garlic polysaccharides. For in vivo experiments on AD, the average rate of loose stools was 100.00 ± 0.00, 31.55 ± 11.76, and 19.14 ± 6.62 in the RGP high-dose and SGP high-dose treatment groups, respectively; in DD, the rates were 91.11 ± 14.40, 19.33 ± 3.63, and 30.56 ± 4.30, respectively (P < .01, treatment vs. model groups). In AD, the average grade of loose stools was 2.33 ± 0.52 and 1.83 ± 0.75 in the model and RGP high-dose treatment groups, respectively (P < .05); in DD, the values were 2.17 ± 0.41 in the model group and 1.67 ± 0.52 in the SGP high-dose treatment group (P < .05). RGP had a better therapeutic effect on AD, mainly related to the antibacterial effect of garlicin in RGP. SGP had a better therapeutic effect on DD, mainly related to the alliin and garlic polysaccharide in SGP. This study could provide evidence to support the clinical use of garlic.

Trichoderma biodiversity in major ecological systems of China

Kai Dou,Jinxin Gao,Chulong Zhang,Hetong Yang,Xiliang Jiang,Jishun Li,Yaqian Li,Wei Wang,Hongquan Xian,Shigui Li,Yan Liu,Jindong Hu,Jie Chen 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.8

An investigation of Trichoderma biodiversity involving a large-scale environmental gradient was conducted to understand the Trichoderma distribution in China. A total of 3,999 isolates were isolated from forestry, grassland, wetland and agriculture ecosystems, and 50 species were identified based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of genetic markers. Trichoderma harzianum showed the largest proportion of isolates and the most extensive distribution. Hypocrea semiorbis, T. epimyces, T. konilangbra, T. piluliferum, T. pleurotum, T. pubescens, T. strictipilis, T. hunua, T. oblongisporum and an unidentified species, Trichoderma sp. MA 3642, were first reported in China. Most Trichoderma species were distributed in Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces in northeast China and the fewest were distributed in Qinghai Province. Based on the division of ecological and geographic factors, forestry ecosystems and low-altitude regions have the greatest species biodiversity of Trichoderma.

Preparation and Characterization of Sisal Cellulose Nanocrystals-Assembled Film

Yaqian Peng,Yu Zhang,Zunyan Li,Helan Xu,Xiuliang Hou 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.9

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) extracted from sisal by acid hydrolysis were used to prepare the film with a chiral nematic phase structure by evaporation-induced self-assembly method. The effects of different acid reaction times on the morphology of sisal CNCs and the optical and mechanical properties of CNC films were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), surface charge, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that as the reaction time of acid hydrolysis increased from 30 to 90 min, the surface charge of CNCs increased from 0.116 to 0.285 mmol g-1 and the average length decreased from 193.6 to 100.1 nm. Sisal CNCs can self-assemble to form the film with a chiral nematic phase structure by the evaporation-inducing method. The combination of the above two aspects resulted in an increase and then a decrease in the helical pitch of CNC films. UV-Vis spectra and polarized light (POM) analysis of the CNC films revealed that the change in helical pitch can affect the color change of CNC films from blue to red and then to yellow-green. The effects of different reaction times on the nanomechanical and macroscopic mechanical properties of CNC films are reported. At the reaction time of 60 min, the macroscopic mechanical properties of the CNC film were good with a tensile strength of 43.59 MPa. This research could provide a good option for the extraction and application of sisal CNCs and create higher value-added products of sisal.

Selecting Test Cases for Result Inspection to Support Effective Fault Localization

Li, Yihan,Chen, Jicheng,Ni, Fan,Zhao, Yaqian,Wang, Hongwei Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2015 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.9 No.3

Fault localization techniques help locate faults in source codes by exploiting collected test information and have shown promising results. To precisely locate faults, the techniques require a large number of test cases that sufficiently exercise the executable statements together with the label information of each test case as a failure or a success. However, during the process of software development, developers may not have high-coverage test cases to effectively locate faults. With the test case generation techniques, a large number of test cases without expected outputs can be automatically generated. Whereas the execution results for generated test cases need to be inspected by developers, which brings much manual effort and potentially hampers fault-localization effectiveness. To address this problem, this paper presents a method to select a few test cases from a number of test cases without expected outputs for result inspection, and in the meantime selected test cases can still support effective fault localization. The experimental results show that our approach can significantly reduce the number of test cases that need to be inspected by developers and the effectiveness of fault localization techniques is close to that of whole test cases.

Low-temperature insertion bonding using electroless Cu-Co-P micro-cones array with controllable morphology

Yaqian Sun,Jing Wang,Xundi Zhang,Chenlin Yang,Anmin Hu,Tao Hang,Yunwen Wu,Huiqin Ling,Ming Li 대한금속·재료학회 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.17 No.6

At present, thermal compression bonding based on Cu and lead-free Sn based solder is often limited by high bonding temperature,which is higher than the melting point of solder (218 ℃). In this paper, we reported a low-temperature solid stateinsertion bonding method based on electroless Cu-Co-P micro-cones array. By adjusting the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O andCoSO 4 ·7H 2 O, a series of Cu-Co-P micro-cones with diff erent morphologies were prepared. The Cu-Co-P micro-cones withhigher proportion of copper were sharper and denser and (111) orientation was also more. It was found that reducing theheight and density of micro-cones was conducive to achieve seamless bonding at lower temperature and force such as 170℃ and 750 gf. By optimizing the morphology of micro-cones, such as height, bottom diameter, vertex angle and density, theseamless and reliable bonding with high shear strength (39.9 MPa) could be achieved at 170 ℃ bonding temperature and1000 gf bonding force. The transmission electron microscopy results showed that intermetallic compounds including Cu 6 Sn 5and Cu 3 Sn existed at bonding interface, which indicated that signifi cant atomic diff usion had occurred between Cu-Co-Pmicro-cones and Sn based solder. Probable mechanisms for low-temperature insertion bonding were discussed.

Selecting Test Cases for Result Inspection to Support Effective Fault Localization

Yihan Li,Jicheng Chen,Fan Ni,Yaqian Zhao,Hongwei Wang 한국정보과학회 2015 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.9 No.3

Fault localization techniques help locate faults in source codes by exploiting collected test information and have shown promising results. To precisely locate faults, the techniques require a large number of test cases that sufficiently exercise the executable statements together with the label information of each test case as a failure or a success. However, during the process of software development, developers may not have high-coverage test cases to effectively locate faults. With the test case generation techniques, a large number of test cases without expected outputs can be automatically generated. Whereas the execution results for generated test cases need to be inspected by developers, which brings much manual effort and potentially hampers fault-localization effectiveness. To address this problem, this paper presents a method to select a few test cases from a number of test cases without expected outputs for result inspection, and in the meantime selected test cases can still support effective fault localization. The experimental results show that our approach can significantly reduce the number of test cases that need to be inspected by developers and the effectiveness of fault localization techniques is close to that of whole test cases.

Indole-3-propionic acid inhibits gut dysbiosis and endotoxin leakage to attenuate steatohepatitis in rats

Ze-Hua Zhao,Feng-Zhi Xin,Yaqian Xue,Zhimin Hu,Yamei Han,Fengguang Ma,Da Zhou,Xiao-Lin Liu,Aoyuan Cui,Zhengshuai Liu,Yuxiao Liu,Jing Gao,Qin Pan,Yu Li,Jian-Gao Fan 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Microbial metabolites have emerged as critical components that mediate the metabolic effects of the gut microbiota. Here, we show that indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a tryptophan metabolite produced by gut bacteria, is a potent anti-non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) microbial metabolite. Here, we demonstrate that administration of IPA modulates the microbiota composition in the gut and inhibits microbial dysbiosis in rats fed a high-fat diet. IPA induces the expression of tight junction proteins, such as ZO-1 and Occludin, and maintains intestinal epithelium homeostasis, leading to a reduction in plasma endotoxin levels. Interestingly, IPA inhibits NF-κB signaling and reduces the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6, in response to endotoxin in macrophages to repress hepatic inflammation and liver injury. Moreover, IPA is sufficient to inhibit the expression of fibrogenic and collagen genes and attenuate diet-induced NASH phenotypes. The beneficial effects of IPA on the liver are likely mediated through inhibiting the production of endotoxin in the gut. These findings suggest a protective role of IPA in the control of metabolism and uncover the gut microbiome and liver cross-talk in regulating the intestinal microenvironment and liver pathology via a novel dietary nutrient metabolite. IPA may provide a new therapeutic strategy for treating NASH.

Topology, Modeling and Transient Current Transfer Analysis of DC Hybrid Vacuum Circuit Breaker Based on SiC Module

Jiang Wentao,Liu Xiaoming,Chen Hai,Li Peiyuan,Zhang Yaqian 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.5

A topology and main parameters based on the SiC Modules are analyzed for a 1140 V/630 A/1 kA direct current (DC) hybrid vacuum circuit breaker. The current transfer characteristic has great signifi cance for avoiding the contact ablation and realizing arcless breaking. In this paper, the model of the DC hybrid vacuum circuit breaker is established by using the combination of Mayr arc model and the arc parameters obtained from the experiment. And the infl uence of arcless breaking conditions and diff erent external circuit parasitic parameters is analyzed. Simulation results show that the transient transfer time can be controlled within 1 ms using the SiC Modules. There exists a contradictory relationship between arcless commutation capability and arc voltage. The transient characteristics of the arc voltage and current will be aff ected by stray inductance. And it is necessary to minimize the stray inductance in the circuitry.

Construction of a Streptomyces lydicus A01 Transformant with a chit42 Gene from Trichoderma harzianum P1 and Evaluation of Its Biocontrol Activity against Botrytis cinerea

Qiong Wu,Linquan Bai,Weicheng Liu,Yingying Li,Caige Lu,Yaqian Li,Kehe Fu,Chuanjin Yu,Jie Chen 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.2

Streptomyces lydicus A01 and Trichoderma harzianum P1are potential biocontrol agents of fungal diseases in plants. S. lydicus A01 produces natamycin to bind the ergosterol of the fungal cell membrane and inhibits the growth of Botrytis cinerea. T. harzianum P1, on the other hand, features high chitinase activity and decomposes the chitin in the cell wall of B. cinerea. To obtain the synergistic biocontrol effects of chitinase and natamycin on Botrytis cinerea, this study transformed the chit42 gene from T. harzianum P1 to S. lydicus A01. The conjugal transformant (CT) of S. lydicus A01 with the chit42 gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Associated chitinase activity and natamycin production were examined using the 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS)method and ultraviolet spectrophotometry, respectively. The S. lydicus A01-chit42 CT showed substantially higher chitinase activity and natamycin production than its wild type strain (WT). Consequently, the biocontrol effects of S. lydicus A01-chit42 CT on B. cinerea, including inhibition to spore germination and mycelial growth, were highly improved compared with those of the WT. Our research indicates that the biocontrol effect of Streptomyces can be highly improved by transforming the exogenous resistance gene, i.e. chit42from Trichoderma, which not only enhances the production of antibiotics, but also provides a supplementary function by degrading the cell walls of the pathogens.

Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications in cancer: from the impacts and mechanisms to the treatment potential

Xu Xuemeng,Peng Qiu,Jiang Xianjie,Tan Shiming,Yang Yiqing,Yang Wenjuan,Han Yaqian,Chen Yuyu,Oyang Linda,Lin Jinguan,Xia Longzheng,Peng Mingjing,Wu Nayiyuan,Tang Yanyan,Li Jinyun,Liao Qianjin,Zhou Yuju 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications are hallmarks of cancer cells. In cancer cells, metabolic pathway activity varies during tumorigenesis and cancer progression, indicating regulated metabolic plasticity. Metabolic changes are often closely related to epigenetic changes, such as alterations in the expression or activity of epigenetically modified enzymes, which may exert a direct or an indirect influence on cellular metabolism. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms underlying epigenetic modifications regulating the reprogramming of tumor cell metabolism is important for further understanding tumor pathogenesis. Here, we mainly focus on the latest studies on epigenetic modifications related to cancer cell metabolism regulations, including changes in glucose, lipid and amino acid metabolism in the cancer context, and then emphasize the mechanisms related to tumor cell epigenetic modifications. Specifically, we discuss the role played by DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, noncoding RNAs and histone lactylation in tumor growth and progression. Finally, we summarize the prospects of potential cancer therapeutic strategies based on metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic changes in tumor cells.