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Fu, Yan Yan,Kang, Kyung Ja,Ahn, Jung Myung,Kim, Hae-Ryoung,Na, Ki Young,Chae, Dong-Wan,Kim, Suhnggwon,Chin, Ho Jun Tohoku University Medical Press 2010 The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine Vol.222 No.4
<P>Oxidative stress is an important pathogenic factor in diabetes. Bilirubin may serve a cytoprotective function as an anti-oxidant. The Gunn rat lacks the enzyme uridine-diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase that is responsible for conjugation of bilirubin, exhibiting elevation of plasma bilirubin. We examined the effect of hyperbilirubinemia on the pancreatic damage caused by streptozotocin (STZ) in the Gunn rat. Male Wistar rats and male Gunn rats were treated with STZ (WS and GS groups, respectively) or vehicle (WC and GC groups, respectively). All 5 rats in the WS group developed diabetes, defined as fasting blood glucose 300 mg/dL or more, at 3 days, whereas only 2 of the 5 GS rats became diabetic at 7 days after STZ injection. Without insulin supplement at 7 days after STZ injection, the WS group displayed higher levels of fasting blood glucose (510.3 ± 50.3 vs. 236.4 ± 42.5 mg/dL, <I>p</I> = 0.003) and HbA1c (5.0 ± 0.1 vs. 3.9 ± 0.1, <I>p</I> = 0.001), compared to those of GS group. In Wistar rats, STZ induced apoptosis of the pancreatic islet cells, accompanied with activation of NADPH oxidase and increased production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, but not in Gunn rats. Moreover, in a rat insulinoma cell line (RIN-m5F), pre-treatment with bilirubin (0.1 mg/dL) decreased cell death and apoptosis caused by STZ, and also reduced H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> production. Considering the protective effect of hyperbilirubinemia against STZ-induced injury, we postulate that bilirubin could be a potential therapeutic modality for oxidative stress of pancreas islets.</P>
( Yan Fu Jiang ),( Hyun Gyu Choi ),( Ying Li ),( Yu Mi Park ),( Jong Hwa Lee ),( Do Hoon Kim ),( Je Hyun Lee ),( Jong Keun Son ),( Min Kyun Na ),( Seung Ho Lee ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2012 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.22 No.0
Definitive identification of original plant species is important for standardizing herbal medicine. Although only the dried roots of Cynanchum wilfordii (Asclepiadaceae) are prescribed as Cynanchi WilfordiiRadix in Korean Pharmacopoeia, the roots of C. wilfordii and C. auriculatum are often misused in the Korean herbal market due to their morphological similarity and similar name. Therefore, it would be very useful to discover an effective chemical marker for the identification of the two species. To this end, we carried out a phytochemical study on the roots of C. wilfordii. As a result, twenty compounds were isolated from the roots of C. wilfordii and their chemical structures were identified as β-sitosterol (1), wilfoside C1N (2), wilfoside C3N (3), wilfoside K1N (4), methyleugenol (5), wilfoside C1G (6), cynauriculoside A (7), daucosterol (8), 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone (9), cynandione A (10), 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (11), acetovanillone (12), p-hydroxyacetophenone (13), sucrose (14), conduritol F (15), geniposide (16), succinic acid (17), 3-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-2,3-dihydro-6H-1,3-oxazine-2,6-dione (18), bungeiside A (19), cynanoneside B (20). Among them, compounds 15, 16, 18, 19, and 20 were isolated for the first time from this species. Furthermore, conduritol F (15) was demonstrated to be contained only in C. wilfordii. Therefore, it may be useful as a chemical marker to identify the two species C. wilfordii and C. auriculatum.
Developmental endothelial locus-1 prevents development of peritoneal adhesions in mice
Fu, Yan,Tsauo, Jiaywei,Sun, Yucheng,Wang, Zhe,Kim, Kun Yung,Lee, Seung-Hwan,Kim, Dong-Young,Jing, Feifeng,Lim, Dahae,Song, Ho-Young,Hyun, Hoon,Choi, Eun Young Elsevier 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.500 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Postoperative peritoneal adhesions, fibrous bands formed in the peritoneal cavity following surgery, represent a common, challenging and costly problem faced by surgeons and patients, for which effective therapeutic options are lacking. Since aberrant inflammation is one of the key mechanisms underlying peritoneal adhesion formation, here we set out to study the role of developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1), which has been recently identified as an endogenous inhibitor of inflammation, in the formation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions using a mouse model of peritoneal adhesions induced by ischemic buttons. Del-1-deficient mice had a higher incidence of adhesions, and their adhesions had higher quality and tenacity scores. Del-1 deficiency also led to enhanced inflammation mediators and collagen production. Finally, Del-1 supplementation decreased the incidence and severity of postoperative peritoneal adhesions. Taken together, these results indicate a protective role for Del-1 in postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation.</P>
Gastric Cancer Stem Cells: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches
Yan Fu,Peizhun Du,Jing Zhao,Cheng’en Hu,Yunyun Qin,Guangjian Huang 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.10
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. GC stem-like cells (GCSCs), with unlimitedself-renewal, differentiation, and tumor-regenerating capacities, contribute significantly to the refractory features of GC and havegained increasing attention for their role in GC drug resistance, relapse, and metastasis. Therapies targeting GCSCs seem to beone of the most promising methods to improve the outcomes of GC patients. Extensive investigations have attempted to outlinethe regulatory mechanisms in GCSCs and to develop GCSCs-targeting therapies with which to diminish GC drug resistance, metastasisand relapse. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of reviews summarizing these studies. In this review, we systematicallyrecapitulated findings regarding the regulatory mechanisms of GCSCs, as well as therapies that target GCSCs, hoping tosupport the development of prognostic biomarkers and GCSCs-targeting anticancer therapies in GC.
Fu, Yan,Jiang, Wei,Kim, Daekyoung,Lee, Woosuk,Chae, Heeyeop American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.20
<P>In this work, we developed a charge control sandwich structure around QD layers for the inverted QLEDs, the performance of which is shown to exceed that of the conventional QLEDs in terms of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and the current efficiency (CE). The QD light-emitting layer (EML) is sandwiched with two ultrathin interfacial layers: one is a poly(9-vinlycarbazole) (PVK) layer to prevent excess electrons, and the other is a polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) layer to reduce the hole injection barrier. The sandwich structure resolves the imbalance between injected holes and electrons and brings the level of balanced charge carriers to a maximum. We demonstrated the highly improved performance of 89.8 cd/A of current efficiency, 22.4% of external quantum efficiency, and 72 814 cd m<SUP>-2</SUP> of maximum brightness with the solution-processed inverted QLED. This sandwich structure (PVK/QD/PEIE), as a framework, can be applied to various QLED devices for enhancing performance.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Fu, Ying,Shi, Yun-Fei,Yan, Kun,Wang, Yan-Jie,Yang, Wei,Feng, Guo-Shuang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13
Ultrasonography is non-invasive and can give useful clues in the diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy, However, differential diagnosis is difficult in some situations even combined with color Doppler imaging. The present study was conducted to evaluate the clinical value of real time elastography in patients with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy using a quantitative method. From May 2011 to February 2012, 39 enlarged lymph nodes from 39 patients with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy were assessed. All the patients were examined by both B-mode ultrasound, color Doppler flow imaging and elastography. The method of analyzing elasto-graphic data was the calculation of the 10 parametres ("mean", "sd", "area%", "com", "kur", "ske", "con", "ent", "idm", "asm") offered by the software integrated into the Hitachi system. The findings were then correlated with the definitive tissue diagnosis obtained by lymph node dissection or biopsy. Final histology revealed 10 cases of metastatic lymph nodes, 11 cases of lymphoma, 12 cases of tuberculosis and 6 cases of nonspecific lymphadenitis. The significant distinguishing features for conventional ultrasound were the maximum short diameter (p=0.007) and absent of echogenic hilum (p=0.0293). The diagnostic accuracy was 43.6% (17/39 cases) and there were 17 patients with equivocal diagnosis. For elastography, "mean" (p=0.003), "area%" (p=0.009), "kurt" (p=0.0291), "skew" (p=0.014) and "cont" (p=0.012) demonstrated significant differences between groups. With 9 of the 17 patients with previous equivocal diagnoses (52.9%) definite and correct diagnoses could be obtained. The diagnostic accuracy for conventional ultrasound combined elastography was 69.2% (27/39 cases). There were differences in the diagnostic sensitivity of the two methods (p=0.0224). Ultrasound combined with elastography demonstrated higher rates of conclusive and accurate diagnoses in patients with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy than conventional ultrasound. The quantitative program showed good correlation with the pathology of different lymph node diseases.
Almost Disturbance Decoupling for a Class of Inherently Nonlinear Systems
Yan-Ming Fu,Guang-Ren Duan,Ai-Guo Wu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2009 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.7 No.2
The problem of almost disturbance decoupling (ADD) for a class of inherently nonlinear systems is considered. The controlled systems are beyond triangular form and possess uncontrollable linearization. The performance of ADD is characterized in terms of L2-L2p gain. By using the tool of adding a power integrator, under a set of growth conditions a smooth sate feedback controller is explicitly constructed to attenuate the influence of the disturbance on the output with an arbitrary degree.