Design of 3-electrode system for <i>in situ</i> monitoring direct methanol fuel cells during long-time running test at high temperature

Liu, Guicheng,Li, Xinyang,Wang, Hui,Liu, Xiuying,Chen, Ming,Woo, Jae Young,Kim, Ji Young,Wang, Xindong,Lee, Joong Kee Elsevier 2017 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.197 No.-

<P>To understand the effect mechanisms of long-time running and high operation temperature on performance of the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) more clearly and directly, in this paper, a new design of 3-electrode system with a solution-type salt bridge has been developed to distinguish the integral polarization into anodic and cathodic polarizations at various temperatures and explore the attenuation mechanism by in situ monitoring the potential of anode during long-time running process at 80 degrees C, for the first time. The results indicate that the optimized 3-electrode system consists of a standard calomel electrode (SCE) and a solution-type salt bridge placed in the anode hole filled by 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4 solution. By utilization of the 3-electrode system, the effect mechanisms of the running temperature and time on electrochemical parameters of the DMFC have been found: (1) The increasing operation temperature improves cathodic performance more significantly than that of anode; (2) the attenuation of fuel cell performance mainly comes from that of anode during the 20-h running test at 80 degrees C, resulting from the sharp drop of electrochemical active surface area of anode. More important, the new 3-electrode system has simplified the detection equipment and reduced the operating difficulty in a practical application for DMFCs, resulting in its portability. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Spectrometric Determination of Rhodamine B in Chili Powder After Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction

Xiuying Liu,Xuan Zhang,Qian Zhou,Bing Bai,Shujuan Ji 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.11

This paper reports a method using molecularly imprinted polymers that are grafted onto the surface of carboxylmodified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the solid-phase extraction adsorbents to detect Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The polymers were characterized by FTIR and TGA. Various parameters which probably influence efficiency of extraction were optimized. The analytical parameters such as precision, accuracy and linear working range were also determined in optimal experimental conditions. And the proposed method was applied to analysis of Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The limits of detection and quantification were 2.57 and 8.56 μg/g, respectively. The recoveries for analytes were higher than 95% and relative standard deviation values were found to be in the range of 0.83-4.15%. This method was successfully applied for the determination of Rhodamine B.

Spectrometric Determination of Rhodamine B in Chili Powder After Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction

Liu, Xiuying,Zhang, Xuan,Zhou, Qian,Bai, Bing,Ji, Shujuan Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.11

This paper reports a method using molecularly imprinted polymers that are grafted onto the surface of carboxyl-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the solid-phase extraction adsorbents to detect Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The polymers were characterized by FTIR and TGA. Various parameters which probably influence efficiency of extraction were optimized. The analytical parameters such as precision, accuracy and linear working range were also determined in optimal experimental conditions. And the proposed method was applied to analysis of Rhodamine B in chili powder samples. The limits of detection and quantification were 2.57 and 8.56 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. The recoveries for analytes were higher than 95% and relative standard deviation values were found to be in the range of 0.83-4.15%. This method was successfully applied for the determination of Rhodamine B.

Enhanced photoluminescence from KCl flux assisted Eu3+ doped CaTiO3 red phosphor for temperature sensing

Xiuying Tian,Lei Li,Mengyuan Wei,Changyan Ji,Zhi Huang,Xin Liu,Jin Wen,Yangxi Peng 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.5

CaTiO3: Eu3+ red phosphors with high thermal stability and temperature sensitivity were synthesized by KCl flux assisted solidphase reaction method and they had orthorhombic perovskite phase. CaTiO3:15%Eu3+ had the irregular particle structure,with mean particle size of about 1.58 μm, while CaTiO3:15%Eu3+ +6%KCl also had the irregular particle structure, with meanparticle size of about 2.25 μm. When Eu3+ ion concentration was 15mol%, concentration quenching phenomenon took place,which could be explained by electric dipole-dipole interaction due to the critical Eu3+- Eu3+ distance of ~ 8.93 Å. We found thatKCl flux could increase the particle size and crystallinity, which was beneficial to luminescence property. Based on the PLspectra excited at 398 nm, the color coordinates of CaTiO3:15%Eu3+ were (0.5911, 0.4008) and the color purity was 97.7%,while the color coordinates of sample CaTiO3:15%Eu3++ 6%KCl were (0.6042, 0.3895) and the color purity was 98.4%. Therelative intensity IR1 and IR2 at 423 K is 87. 29% and 83. 22%, indicating the sample had high thermal stability. Based on TCLsFIR, Sr of CaTiO3:15%Eu3+ is 2322.67/T^2. CaTiO3:Eu3+ red phosphor was expected to be a promising inorganic material forpossible applications in temperature sensing.

한중 신체어의 분류사적 쓰임 비교

석수영(Xiuying Xi),리우팡(Fang Liu) 한국중원언어학회 2018 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.46

The aim of this study is to analyze the aspects of body terms used as classifiers in Korean and Chinese which are both classifier languages. Relevant body terms were collected from seven Korean texts including two dictionaries and five previous studies and five Chinese texts that include three dictionaries and two previous studies. At first, the object words are introduced. Body parts that are used in both languages in common are ‘head’, ‘nose’, ‘mouth’, ‘face’, ‘stomach’, ‘hands’, and ‘feet’. And then the cognitive aspects of the body term classifiers are investigated. In brief, body terms" classifier usages are founded on conceptual metonymy and metaphor mechanisms. The specific types of the mechanisms used in the process are part-whole metonymy, container-content metonymy, instrument-function metonymy, structural metaphor, image metaphor, and metonymy and metaphor"s complex. In the presence of body terms" classifier usages, Korean and Chinese present different aspects, but the roles of universal cognitive mechanisms are the same.

A non-aqueous phase extraction system using tributyl phosphate for H3PO4 separation from wet-process superphosphoric acid: Extraction equilibrium and mechanism

Haozhou Liu,Jingxu Yang,Xiuying Yang,Chao Hu,Lin Yang 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.7

Conventional wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) extraction route encounters unsatisfactory extractionefficiency, phosphorus yield, and raffinate utilization. Herein, a new extraction route for H3PO4 separation from wetprocesssuperphosphoric acid (WSPA) is proposed to improve these dilemmas. We focus on the equilibrium of H3PO4extraction by tributyl phosphate (TBP) from WSPA and the extraction mechanism of TBP under high H3PO4 loadingconditions. Several critical factors affecting the extraction equilibrium were investigated to optimize the extraction process,including the initial phase ratio (R0), the volume fraction of TBP in extractant (TBP), temperature (T), and thecrosscurrent extraction stages. The results show that the single-stage extraction rate of H3PO4 reaches 70% at R0=6,TBP=80% and T=80 oC with separation factors P/Fe, P/Al, P/Mg, and P/Ca of 12.48, 21.66, 47.57, and 8.89, respectively. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy enlighten the extraction mechanism athigh loading conditions. The characteristic peak positions of P=O, P=O…H2O, and P=O…H3PO4 in the infraredspectra are determined to be centered at 1,283, 1,267, and 1,233 cm1, respectively. The semi-quantitative analysis impliesthat the self-polymerization behavior of the extraction complex TBP·H3PO4 and the mutual attraction of reversemicelles (RMs) through their polar cores is the trigger for the formation of a third phase. Furthermore, the red shift ofP-(OH)3 asymmetrical stretching vibration in the Raman spectrum indicates the formation of hydrogen bonds amongH3PO4 molecules in the organic phase, which corroborates the formation of RMs. Conclusions can be obtained thatH3PO4 enters the organic phase under high loading capacity by reversed micellar extraction. The feasibility of thisextraction process is further tested by scrubbing, stripping, and cycling performance experiments. The results arepromising for the design of a new efficient route for separating H3PO4 from WPA.

The effect of dietary asparagine supplementation on energy metabolism in liver of weaning pigs when challenged with lipopolysaccharide

Kang, Ping,Liu, Yulan,Zhu, Huiling,Zhang, Jing,Shi, Haifeng,Li, Shuang,Pi, Dinan,Leng, Weibo,Wang, Xiuying,Wu, Huanting,Hou, Yongqing Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.4

Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate whether asparagine (Asn) could improve liver energy status in weaning pigs when challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Methods: Forty-eight weaned pigs ($Duroc{\times}Large\;White{\times}Landrace$, $8.12{\pm}0.56kg$) were assigned to four treatments: i) CTRL, piglets received a control diet and injected with sterile 0.9% NaCl solution; ii) lipopolysaccharide challenged control (LPSCC), piglets received the same control diet and injected with Escherichia coli LPS; iii) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+0.5% Asn, piglets received a 0.5% Asn diet and injected with LPS; and iv) LPS+1.0% Asn, piglets received a 1.0% Asn diet and injected with LPS. All piglets were fed the experimental diets for 19 d. On d 20, the pigs were injected intraperitoneally with Escherichia coli LPS at $100{\mu}g/kg$ body weights or the same volume of 0.9% NaCl solution based on the assigned treatments. Then the pigs were slaughtered at 4 h and 24 h after LPS or saline injection, and the liver samples were collected. Results: At 24 h after LPS challenge, dietary supplementation with 0.5% Asn increased ATP concentration (quadratic, p<0.05), and had a tendency to increase adenylate energy charges and reduce AMP/ATP ratio (quadratic, p<0.1) in liver. In addition, Asn increased the liver mRNA expression of pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase ${\beta}$ (linear, p<0.05; quadratic, p<0.05), and had a tendency to increase the mRNA expression of hexokinase 2 (linear, p<0.1). Moreover, Asn increased liver phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK)/total AMP-activated protein kinase (tAMPK) ratio (linear, p<0.05; quadratic, p<0.05). However, at 4 h after LPS challenge, Asn supplementation had no effect on these parameters. Conclusion: The present study indicated that Asn could improve the energy metabolism in injured liver at the late stage of LPS challenge.

Fabricated Ag/Ag2S/reduced graphene oxide composite photocatalysts for enhancing visible light photocatalytic and antibacterial activity

Pengwei Huo,Chongyang Liu,Dongyao Wu,Jingru Guan,Jinze Li,Huiqin Wang,Qi Tang,Xiuying Li,Yongsheng Yan,Shouqi Yuan 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.57 No.-

In this work, we reported one kind of photocatalytic and antibacterial materials, Ag/Ag2S/reducedgraphene oxide (rGO), which prepared by the hydrothermal and UV-light-assisted reduction methods. The Ag2S nanoparticals were well dispersed on the surface of rGO as revealed by series ofcharacterization. The obtained Ag/Ag2S/rGO photocatalyst showed excellent photocatalytic degradationefficiency of 87.6% for ciprofloxacin (CIP) under visible light irradiation and outstanding antibacterialactivity for Escherichia coli (E. coli) which reached to 97.76% in 24 h. The trapping of active species showedthat the hydroxyl radicals, holes and superoxide radicals played important roles in the photocatalyticdegradation of CIP processes.

Externalizing Behavior Problems Among Hui Ethnicity Left-Behind Children in Rural China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Xue Yu,Lingling Wang,Miaomiao Liu,Qiuli Li,Xiuying Dai 대한신경정신의학회 2022 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.19 No.4

Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of externalizing behavior problems (EBPs) and its influencing factors among Hui left-behind children (LBC) in rural China.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among school students from the southern rural areas in Ningxia, China (2012–2013). The general self-made questionnaire, Egma Minnen av Bardndosna Uppforstran, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (for Children), Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale, and Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist (for parents) were used to investigate the related information. Binary logistic regressions were conducted.Results The prevalence of EBPs in boys Hui LBC was significantly higher than that of non-LBC (12.37% vs. 6.84%, χ²=4.09, and p=0.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low self-awareness of behavior (odds ratio [OR]=29.78), introversion (OR=21.67) and intermediate personality (OR=15.83), poor academic performance (OR=11.65) and both parent migrating (OR=2.73) were the risk factors for the EBPs of Hui LBC, while middle and high father refusal and denial (OR=0.11, OR=0.09) were their protective factors.Conclusion Our findings suggest that both parent migrating is a potential risk factor for EBPs among Hui LBC. Hui boys LBC should be paid more attention when formulating relevant policies.

Unconventional Flatband Line States in Photonic Lieb Lattices

Xia, Shiqi,Ramachandran, Ajith,Xia, Shiqiang,Li, Denghui,Liu, Xiuying,Tang, Liqin,Hu, Yi,Song, Daohong,Xu, Jingjun,Leykam, Daniel,Flach, Sergej,Chen, Zhigang American Physical Society 2018 Physical review letters Vol.121 No.26