Predictive and Prognostic Roles of Pathological Indicators for Patients with Breast Cancer on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Xinyan Li,Mozhi Wang,Mengshen Wang,Xueting Yu,Jingyi Guo,Tie Sun,Litong Yao,Qiang Zhang,Yingying Xu 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.4

Currently, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard therapeutic strategy for breast cancer, as it can provide timely and individualized chemo-sensitivity information and is beneficial for custom-designing subsequent treatment strategies. To accurately select candidates for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the association between various immunohistochemical biomarkers of primary disease and tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been investigated, and results have shown that certain pathological indicators evaluated after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are associated with long-term prognosis. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recommended that complete pathological response can be used as a surrogate endpoint for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which is related to better prognosis. Considering that residual tumor persists in the majority of patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the value of various pathological indicators of residual disease in predicting the long-term outcomes is being extensively investigated. This review summarizes and compares various predictive and prognostic indicators for patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and analyzes their efficacy in different breast cancer subtypes.

Updated Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Adjuvant Targeted Treatment Regimens for Early Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 Positive Breast Cancer

Xinyan Li,Litong Yao,Mozhi Wang,Mengshen Wang,Xiang Li,Xueting Yu,Jingyi Guo,Haoran Dong,Xiangyu Sun,Yingying Xu 한국유방암학회 2020 Journal of breast cancer Vol.23 No.4

Purpose: Combining targeted agents with adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs survival in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer patients, but also increases the risk of adverse effects. The updated results of 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were reported in 2019. Given the lack of adequate head-to-head pairwise assessment for anti-HER2 agents, network meta-analysis facilitates obtaining more precise inference for evidence-based therapy. Methods: RCTs comparing at least 2 anti-HER2 regimens in an adjuvant setting for HER2- positive early-stage breast cancer (EBC) were included. Hazard ratios for overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS), with respective 95% confidence intervals were pooled for assessment of efficacy. A Bayesian statistical model was used, and odds ratios (ORs) for adverse events (AEs) were used to pool effect sizes. Results: We demonstrated that 1-year trastuzumab plus chemotherapy had increased efficacy compared to shorter or longer treatment duration. The OR of cardiac events gradually increased from 6 months to 1 and 2-year trastuzumab arms, relative to chemotherapy only. Compared to trastuzumab plus chemotherapy, dual HER2-targeting therapies increased DFS, especially for hormone receptor negative patients. Dual anti-HER2 blockade regimens revealed an increased probability of gastrointestinal reactions. As a second agent, pertuzumab showed significantly higher DFS and OS. Conclusion: We conclude that 1-year adjuvant trastuzumab should remain as the standard treatment for HER2-positive EBC patients, as it has greater efficacy and a manageable proportion of AEs. Clinical efficacy can be increased for hormone receptor-negative tumors by including a second HER2-targeted agent to the treatment regimen. For hormone receptor-positive cases with basal disease, it is acceptable to reduce the risk of cardiotoxicity by shortening the duration of trastuzumab.

Porous membranes in pressure-assisted forward osmosis: Flux behavior and potential applications

Yang Yang,Xueli Gao,Zhaokui Li,Qun Wang,Senjie Dong,Xiaojuan Wang,Zhun Ma,Leyi Wang,Xinyan Wang,Congjie Gao 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.60 No.-

In this work, pressured-assisted forward osmosis (PAFO) was performed using porous membranes to achieve higher fluxes. The effects of additional pressure and membrane orientation on membrane performance were investigated. When ultralow additional pressure (0.04 bar) was applied, the water flux at AL-FS orientation (i.e. active layer facing the feed solution) was observed to double. Reverse solute diffusion was also inhibited dramatically at both membrane orientations in PAFO. Filtration tests revealed that porous membranes with ultralow pressure in FO were more applicable than ultrafiltration (UF) because mild condition (i.e., 0.12 bar versus 1.25 bar) is conducive to preserving microalgae cell integrity.

Indole-3-acetic acid ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via the ERK signaling pathway

Xinyan Qu,Yingying Song,Qingjun Li,Qi Xu,Yanru Li,Huimin Zhang,Xuemei Cheng,Charles R. Mackay,Quanbo Wang,Wei Liu 대한약학회 2024 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.47 No.3

Microbiota-derived catabolism of nutrients is closely related to ulcerative colitis (UC). The level of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), a microbiota-dependent metabolite of tryptophan, was decreased signifi cantly in the feces of UC patients. Thus supplementationwith IAA could be a potential therapeutic method for ameliorating colitis. In this work, the protective eff ect ofsupplementation with IAA on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was evaluated, and the underlying mechanismwas elucidated. The results indicated that the administration of IAA signifi cantly relieved DSS-induced weight loss, reducedthe disease activity index (DAI), restored colon length, alleviated intestinal injury, and improved the intestinal tight junctionbarrier. Furthermore, IAA inhibited intestinal infl ammation by reducing the expression of proinfl ammatory cytokines andpromoting the production of IL-10 and TGF-β1. In addition, the ERK signaling pathway is an important mediator of variousphysiological processes including infl ammatory responses and is closely associated with the expression of IL-10. Notably,IAA treatment induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which is involved in the progressionof colitis, while the ERK inhibitor U0126 attenuated the benefi cial eff ects of IAA. In summary, IAA could attenuate theclinical symptoms of colitis, and the ERK signaling pathway was involved in the underlying mechanism. Supplementationwith IAA could be a potential option for preventing or ameliorating UC.

Designing a Magnetically Controlled Soft Gripper with Versatile Grasping Based on Magneto-Active Elastomer

Rui Li,Xinyan Li,Hao Wang,Xianlun Tang,Penghua Li,Mengjie Shou 한국정보처리학회 2022 Journal of information processing systems Vol.18 No.5

A composite bionic soft gripper integrated with electromagnets and magneto-active elastomers is designed bycombining the structure of the human hand and the snake’s behavior of enhancing friction by actively adjustingthe scales. A silicon-based polymer containing magnetized hard magnetic particles is proposed as a soft finger,and it can be reversibly bent by adjusting the magnetic field. Experiments show that the length, width, andheight of rectangular soft fingers and the volume ratio of neodymium–iron–boron have different effects onbending angle. The flexible fingers with 20 vol% are the most efficient, which can bend to 90° when themagnetic field is 22 mT. The flexible gripper with four fingers can pick up 10.51 g of objects at the magneticfield of 105 mT. In addition, this composite bionic soft gripper has excellent magnetron performance, and itcan change surface like snakes and operate like human hands. This research may help develop soft devices formagnetic field control and try to provide new solutions for soft grasping.

Enhanced photocatalytic mechanism of Ag₃PO₄ nano-sheets using MS₂ (M = Mo, W)/rGO hybrids as co-catalysts for 4-nitrophenol degradation in water

Zhang, Weiping,Li, Guiying,Wang, Wanjun,Qin, Yaxin,An, Taicheng,Xiao, Xinyan,Choi, Wonyong Elsevier 2018 Applied Catalysis B Vol.232 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A chemically modified Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>@MS<SUB>2</SUB>(M = Mo, W)/rGO composite was firstly synthesized via a liquid-exfoliation solvothermal method. The structure, morphology, optical properties and composition were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The characterization results indicated that compact structure could be obtained by using this typical method due to in-situ chemical modification, which could also control the sizes of Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB> nano-sheets by adding MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO hybrids. More importantly, the resultant Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>@MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO composite exhibited higher photocatalytic activity and stability toward the degradation of 4-nitrophenol than pure Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB> under sunlight irradiation. The stable structure of Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>@MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO was closely related with Z-scheme electronic structure and electrical conductivity of MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO hybrids, leading to a higher consumption and transfer of photogenerated electrons. However, by controlling the amounts of MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO hybrids, more stable but lower photocatalytic activity composites could be obtained. Further analysis found that the holes and O<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> were the main reactive species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol. In addition, possible photocatalytic degradation pathways of 4-nitrophenol were also proposed based on the identified intermediates. The findings of this work may provide a new method to design efficient composites for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>@MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO catalyst was fabricated via a liquid-exfoliation solvothermal method. </LI> <LI> Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>@MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO has high photocatalytic activity and stability under sunlight. </LI> <LI> The stability of Ag<SUB>3</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>@MS<SUB>2</SUB>/rGO was due to its rapid transfer of photogenerated e<SUP>−</SUP>. </LI> <LI> h<SUP>+</SUP> and O<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> were the main RSs in photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effects of Bath Temperature on Electrodeposited Permanent Magnetic Co-Pt-W(P) Films

Ge, Hongliang,Wu, Qiong,Wei, Guoying,Wang, Xinyan,Zhou, Qiaoying Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.12

The effects of bath temperature on electrochemical behavior, alloy composition, crystallographic structure, morphology and the magnetic properties of electrodeposited Co-Pt-W(P) films were investigated. Electrochemical studies show that alloy electrodeposition has been shifted to more positive potentials and the critical time for nucleation decreased as electrolyte temperature increased. As the temperature increased from 40 oC to 80 oC, tungsten content in the deposit increased, while phosphorus content decreased. The films deposited at T = 40 oC exhibited soft magnetic properties. However, electrodeposited at T = 70 oC, the films exhibited hard magnetic properties. It is also demonstrated that higher temperature more than 70 oC could weaken hard magnetic properties. XRD results indicated that the deposits obtained at 50 oC-70 oC showed enhancement of [00.1] P.O. (preferred orientation) with the bath temperature, which resulted in the stronger perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.

Effects of Bath Temperature on Electrodeposited Permanent Magnetic Co-Pt-W(P) Films

Hongliang Ge*,Qiong Wu,Guoying Wei,Xinyan Wang,Qiaoying Zhou 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.12

The effects of bath temperature on electrochemical behavior, alloy composition, crystallographic structure, morphology and the magnetic properties of electrodeposited Co-Pt-W(P) films were investigated. Electro- chemical studies show that alloy electrodeposition has been shifted to more positive potentials and the critical time for nucleation decreased as electrolyte temperature increased. As the temperature increased from 40 oC to 80 oC, tungsten content in the deposit increased, while phosphorus content decreased. The films deposited at T = 40 oC exhibited soft magnetic properties. However, electrodeposited at T = 70 oC, the films exhibited hard magnetic properties. It is also demonstrated that higher temperature more than 70 oC could weaken hard magnetic properties. XRD results indicated that the deposits obtained at 50 oC-70 oC showed enhancement of [00.1] P.O. (preferred orientation) with the bath temperature, which resulted in the stronger perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.

Frequency and magnetic properties in the range of 10 kHz to 100 MHz for nanocrystal Fe -Co alloy

Yongsheng Liu,Jincang Zhang,Liming Yu,Guangqiang Jia,Yufeng Zhang,Xinyan Wang,Shixun Cao 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.5

Fe-based soft magnetic alloy with Co-doping was fabricated by high-energy milling. The X-ray diraction (XRD) results exhibita single phased structure,which could be regarded as BCC-like FeCo solid solution,was formed. Moreover,it has also been demonstrated that a nanocrystalline FeCo alloy was obtained and the evaluated grain sizes were about 712 nm. The frequency dependence of the initial permeability and magnetic losses,as well as DC-magnetization measurements,was systematically studiedthen. The results show that thefn (fn is the frequency when the curve of the No.n sample has a minimum value) shifts to the higherfrequency with the increasing Co content in the range of 10 kHz to 100 MHz,while the magnetic losses of the samples decrease withthe increasing Co content at the high frequency (800 kHz to 20 MHz). The Co-doping increases the cut-o frequencies of thesamples and makes the initial permeability to keep a constant value in a wider frequency range. The corresponding peak value of theinitial permeability as function of Co-doping concentration turns to the region of low Co concentration. For the long milling time,the loss apparently decreases beyond 1 MHz.

Numerical investigations into the rubbing wear behavior of honeycomb seal

Xin Yan,Haibo Wang,Kun He 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.8

The rubbing wear behavior of the honeycomb land against labyrinth fin was investigated with finite-element-analysis method at a range of incursion conditions. The contact behaviors, material property, and material damage and failure are computed within the userdefined-subroutines. With the experimental data, the finite-element-analysis method was validated with respect to the frictional temperature and worn geometry. The effects of stator material, incursion depth, incursion rate and sliding velocity on the contact force, frictional temperature, material loss, and worn geometry are analyzed. The results show that the sliding velocity, final incursion depth and incursion rate are the important factors affecting the wear behaviors of honeycomb stator. The mushrooming extension is decreased with the increase of sliding velocity, and increased with the increase of incursion rate. At high sliding velocity and low incursion rate conditions, the material loss accounts more in the wear volume deformation compared to the plastic deformation.