Acute and Sub-chronic Oral Toxicity Study of Ammonium Persulfate in Spraque-Dawley Rats

Kim, Yong-Soon,Baek, Min-Won,Sung, Jae-Hyuck,Ryu, Hyun-Youl,Kim, Jin-Sik,Cho, Hyun-Sun,Choi, Byung-Gil,Song, Min-Sub,Song, Moon-Yong,Baik, Eun-Ju,Choi, Young-Kuk,Kim, Jong-Kyu,Yu, Il-Je,Song, Kyung-Se Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2009 Toxicological Research Vol.26 No.3

The toxicity test of ammonium persulfate was conducted to ensure of its potential toxic effects according to the single-dose acute oral toxicity study (OECD Guideline 423) and 90-day repeated dose sub-chronic oral toxicity study guideline (OECD Guideline 408) for establishing national chemical management system, and matching in the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS) category. In acute oral toxicity study, pasty stool, perineal contamination and temporary body weight decrease were observed after dosing 1st and 2nd challenge (300 mg/kg body weight). All test animals were dead within 6 hours after dosing at 3rd challenge (2000 mg/kg body weight). Therefore, the GHS class of test substance is considered class 4. In sub-chronic toxicity study, body weight changes, food consumptions, hematological, biochemical and pathological examination did not show any noticeable and significant differences between the administered (5, 20, 80 mg/kg body weight) and control (vehicle only) group animals. Based on these results, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is considered above 80 mg/kg body weight.

Acute and Sub-chronic Oral Toxicity Study of Ammonium Persulfate in Spraque-Dawley Rats

Yong Soon Kim,Min Won Baek,Jae Hyuck Sung,Hyun Youl Ryu,Jin Sik Kim,Hyun Sun Cho,Byung Gil Choi,Min Sub Song,Moon Yong Song,Eun Ju Baik,Young Kuk Choi,Jong Kyu Kim,Il Je Yu,Kyung Seuk Song 한국독성학회 2009 Toxicological Research Vol.25 No.3

The toxicity test of ammonium persulfate was conducted to ensure of its potential toxic effects according to the single-dose acute oral toxicity study (OECD Guideline 423) and 90-day repeated dose sub-chronic oral toxicity study guideline (OECD Guideline 408) for establishing national chemical management system, and matching in the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS) category. In acute oral toxicity study, pasty stool, perineal contamination and temporary body weight decrease were observed after dosing 1st and 2nd challenge (300 ㎎/㎏ body weight). All test animals were dead within 6 hours after dosing at 3rd challenge (2000 ㎎/㎏ body weight). Therefore, the GHS class of test substance is considered class 4. In sub-chronic toxicity study, body weight changes, food consumptions, hematological, biochemical and pathological examination did not show any noticeable and significant differences between the administered (5, 20, 80 ㎎/㎏ body weight) and control (vehicle only) group animals. Based on these results, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is considered above 80 mg/kg body weight.

초등학생용 진로성숙도 검사 개발 및 타당화

송인섭 ( In Sub Song ),정미경 ( Mi Kyung Chung ),김효원 ( Hyo Won Kim ),최영미 ( Young Mi Choi ) 한국아동교육학회 2011 아동교육 Vol.20 No.3

본 연구는 초등학교 고학년을 대상으로 발달계에서 주어지는 진로문제들에 대해 대처할 수 있는 준비도인 진로성숙도를 측정할 수 있는 검사를 개발하고 타당화하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 먼저, 국내·와 진로성숙도에 대한 각종 논문과 이론을 참고하여 진로성숙도를 개념화하고 관련 검사 문항들을 검토하여 문항을 개발하였다. 예비검사와 타당화 과정을 거쳐 총 78문항을 선정하고 요인분석과 문항난이도, 문항변별도 등을 구하여 검사를 타당화하였다. 그 결과 태도검사의 문항들이 .30 이상의 단일요인 부하량을 나타내어 각 척도가 단일성 요인임을 설명해주고 있으며 능력검사의 신뢰도는 Cronbach α계수 .52~.86으로 나타났다. 계획성 요인의 경우 .52로 일반적인 신뢰도 기준에는 낮은 신뢰도로 판단되나 진위형 척도의 특성상 신뢰도가 낮게 추정된 것으로 보인다. 그 이외의 하위용인에서는 적절한 신뢰도를 나타내었다. 그리고 진로성숙도의 내적 구조를 분석한 결과 진로성숙도의 구조는 진로에 대한 능력과 태도로 구성되며, 태도는 결정성, 독립성, 계획성으로, 능력은 직업이해. 직업선택, 그리고 직업성으로 구성된 모형이 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 지로성숙도를 측정하기 위해 Crites의 CMI모형을 근간으로 측정요인을 선정하고 초등학생에 맞는 연구모형을 재정립하였다는 점에서 이론적 의의가 있으며, 연구의 특성에 적합한 접근 방법으로 도구를 타당화하였다는 점에서 방법론적 의의가 있다. 그리고 아동이 진로를 선택하는 데 있어서 어떠한 정의적 태도와 지적 사고를 가지고 있는가에 대한 정보를 제공함으로써 자신에 대한 이해와 직업에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 올바른 진로선택을 할 수 있도록 도울 수 있으며 진로교육과 관련된 프로그램을 개발하는 데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 실제적인 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is 1) to define the concept of the career maturity: 2) to develop and validate the scale of career maturity for elementary school students. In order to answer these purposes, we first reviewed related documents and inventories, as to research the constructed factors which to develop an career maturity scale, then defined the concept of career maturity and the theological constructive model. The were included in 2 components of attitude and cognitive abilities for career maturity accordingly in 6 sub-components 195 elementary school students were analysed at pilot test and 1010 students were conducted final test. Based on factor analysis and item analysis, 77 items were selected to final test items. And this scale was validated through the evidence based on internal structure. Significance, limitations, and future research directions were discussed.

특수체육 전공자들의 윤리적 민감성에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석

김지태 ( Ji Tae Kim ),이원섭 ( Won Sub Lee ) 한국특수체육학회 2012 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.20 No.1

이 연구는 특수체육 전공자들의 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 윤리적 민감성의 차이를 분석하고, 특수체육 전공자들의 개인적 요인과 조직적 요인이 윤리적 민감성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 연구대상자는 2011년 현재 한국특수체육학회에 등록된 특수체육 전공자들을 모집단으로 하여 유목적 표집법(purposive sampling method)에 의해 추출된 특수체육 전공자 200명 이었다. 이에 수집된 자료 중조사내용 일부가 누락되었거나 불성실하게 답변한 23부를 제외한 총 177부의 자료를 최종 유효 표본으로 사용하였다. 이 연구의 조사도구로는 선행연구에서 조사된 설문지를 수정 및 보완하여 사용하였고, 조사절차는 연구자가 직접 기관을 방문하여 연구대상자들에게 설문에 대한 충분한 안내와 함께 설문참여에 대한 동의를 구한 후, 설문지를 배포하여 자기평가기입법으로 작성하게 한 후 현장에서 즉시 회수하였다. 조사된 자료의 분석방법은 SPSS WIN Ver 18.0 통계프로그램을 사용하여 독립 t-검증(independent t-test), 일원분산분석(one-way ANOVA), 상관관계분석(correlation analysis), 위계적 다중회귀분선(hierarchical multiple regression) 등을 활용하였으며, 그 결과 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다. 첫째, 특수체육 전공자들의 인구사회학적 변인 중 연령, 직업 경력, 윤리교육 유/무는 윤리적 민감성에 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 둘째, 특수체육 전공자들의 개인적 요인과 조직적 요인은 윤리적 민감성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 개인적 요인으로는 통제위치에서 정(+)적으로 마키아벨리즘에서 부(-)적으로 윤리적 민감성에서 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 조직적 요인은 윤리풍토의 하위요인 중 하나인 원칙주의에서 정(+)적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that affect ethical sensibility of adapted physical education majors. The population of this study was set to be apecial physical education majors who are registered in Korean Society of Adapted Physical Activity and Exercise (KOSAPE) in 2011. Data collection was done by using widely-used purposive sampling method, from non-probability sampling methods to extract 200 copies in total from adapted physical education majors who have participated in spring and autumn symposium and who are currently working in Korea Sports Association for the Disabled (KOSAD) or related institutions. Here, 177 copies were used as the final valid samples for quantitative research, disregarding 23 incomplete copies. As the research methods, surveys that are revised and complemented ones from the previous researches, research procedures included visiting institutions and asking for agreement after explaining about surveys, and then distributing surveys to be completed by self- administered method and taking them back at sight. For the data analysis of this study, SPSS WIN Ver 18.0 was used with independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression, to reach the following conclusion. First, age, job experiences, and whether they received ethics lessons out of variables of population sociology for Special Physical Education majors have shown meaningful differences on ethical sensibility. Second, individual factors and institutional factors were found out to be affecting ethical sensibility. Upon the individual factors, while locus of control was affecting ethical sensibility positively and Machiavellism was affecting ethical sensibility negatively. And on the institutional factors, principlism, one of the sub-factors of ethical climate, was influencing ethical sensibility.

중학생 진로성숙 검사 개발 및 타당화 연구

송인섭(Song In-Sub),김효원(Kim Hyo-Won),남궁정(NamKung Jeong) 한국영재교육학회 2008 영재와 영재교육 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구는 연령별 진로성숙 수준에 적합한 도구를 개발하기 위해 중학생들을 대상으로 청소년들이 각 단계에서 주어지는 진로문제들에 대해 대처할 수 있는 준비도인 진로성숙을 측정하는 도구를 개발하고 타당화하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 먼저, 진로성숙에 대한 이론적 고찰과 관련 도구 분석을 통해 진로성숙 구인을 개념화하고 이에 근거하여 중학생의 진로성숙을 측정하는 도구를 개발하였다. 둘째, crites의 CMI에 근거하여 본 연구의 진로성숙 연구모형을 개발하고 관련연구들을 토대로 형성된 경쟁모형을 제시하여 최적의 모형을 경험적으로 검증하여 진로성숙 구조모형을 타당화하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 공변량구조분석(AMOS)을 통해 적합도 지수를 확인하였다. 그 결과, 상대적합도 지수인 TLI ,CFI가 .90 이상으로, 절대적합도 지수 RMSEA는 .052로 본 연구모형(모형 Ⅰ)의 적합도 지수가 다른 경쟁모형의 적합도 지수보다 더 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는, 기존의 검사들의 단점을 보완하여 진로성숙 구인을 개념화하고 이에 근거한 연구모형을 개발 경험적으로 타당화 하였다는데 의의가 있다고 본다. 영재교육의 측면에서도 진로선택 및 결정은 중요한 과업으로 일반학생 뿐만 아니라 영재아들도 진로결정에 어려움을 겪고 있다고 보고된다. 그러므로 적용적 측면에서 일반학생들뿐만 아니라 영재아들의 정밀한 진로성숙도 측정을 통해 진로발달과 관련하여 그들이 가져야할 정의적, 인지적 발달에 대한 자료를 제시하여 진로문제와 생활지도면에서 합리적으로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다. The purpose of this study is to 1)develop an Career Maturity scale for Korean middle-school students and 2)test construct validation through covariance structure analysis. In order to answer these purposes, we first reviewed related documents and inventories, as to research the constructed factors which to develop an Career Maturity scale, then defined the concept of Career Maturity and the theological constructive model. They were included in 2 components of attitude and cognitive abilities for career maturity accordingly in 6 sub-components. 172 middle school students were analysed at pilot test and 749 students were conducted final test. Based on factor analysis and item analysis, 94 items were selected to final test items. Second, to examine the best fit construct model for career maturity, we assumed conceptual model for career maturity, model Ⅰ, base on CMI model (Crites, 1978) and proposed competing models base on the related studies that included the other components(behavioral) for career maturity. As a result of covariance structure analysis(AMOS), we confirmed 3rd order construct model include 2 components was the best adequate through the indices of best fit(TLI,CFI>.90, RMSEA=.052). Career Maturity scale of this study developed andexamined can be applied future study for the gifted students who haven"t decidedtheir career decision because of their multi potentials and talents.

열화상카메라를 이용한 블랙아이스 특성 연구

김승준 ( Seung-jun Kim ),윤원섭 ( Won-sub Yoon ),김연규 ( Yeon-kyu Kim ) 한국산업융합학회 2021 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.24 No.6

In this study, a study was conducted to develop a system for predicting/responding to black ice occurring on roads in winter. Tests conditions were studied by making models of cement concrete pavement and asphalt concrete pavement. In order to freeze water on the manufactured model package, an tests was conducted at a temperature below zero using a freezer, and the freezing process was photographed using a thermal imaging camera. Black ice is generated when water is present on the road surface and the temperature is below freezing or the road surface temperature is below the dew point temperature. Under sub-zero conditions, the pavement, water, and ice were classified with a thermal imaging camera. As a result of the tests, it was possible to distinguish with a thermal imaging camera at a temperature below freezing in the same freezer due to the difference in the emissivity of the packaging, water, and ice. In the process of changing from water to ice during the tests, it was analyzed that ice and water were clearly distinguished by the thermal imaging camera due to the difference in emissivity and reflectance, so black ice could be predicted using the thermal imaging camera.

A pre-dose biomarker Ccrn4l for predicting the susceptibility of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity

Da-Bin Hwang,Dong-Hoon Won,Yoo-Sub Shin,Shin-Young Kim,Changuk Kim,Jun-Won Yun 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Cisplatin-induced liver injury is one of the limitations of its use as an anti-cancer drug. In particular, individual differences in sensitivity to drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can lead to life-threatening situations. The purpose of this study is to discover which innate genetic factors determine diversity for susceptibility to DILI. Rats undergo a liver prebiopsy and a 3-week postoperative recovery period prior to cisplatin administration. Two days after administration of cisplatin, hepatotoxicity was confirmed through serum biochemical and histopathological analysis. Based on liver-related biochemical test results (ALT, AST, γGT), rats were sub-grouped into the Susceptible (top five) or Resistant (bottom five) group for RNA sequencing using the pre-collected liver samples. As a result, pre-dose 161 genes were differentially expressed between the susceptible and resistant groups. Among them, Ccrn4l, a clock-controlled gene included in the "rhythmic process", was inherently low in gene expression before drug administration in both cisplatin- and acetaminophen-susceptible animals. In addition, in the susceptible group, the innately low expression level of Ccrn4l was maintained even after cisplatin treatment with decreased antioxidants, increased nitration, and apoptosis. When checking the correlation between Ccrn4l, antioxidant catalase, and mitochondrial RNA in the liver, it was confirmed that they showed similar mRNA expression patterns according to individual circadian variation. Surprisingly, Ccrn4l knockdown WB-F344 cells prompted cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and decreased catalase activity. In conclusion, individual innate hepatic Ccrn4l level may be a novel factor affecting cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity susceptibility by modulating mitochondrial and antioxidant functions.

콜롬비아 소가모스에서 미세먼지 감축 시나리오 분석

박일수(Park, Il-Soo),장유운(Jang, Yu-Woon),하상섭(Ha, Sang-Sub),장수환(Jang, Su-Hwan),정경원(Chung, Kyung-Won),김혜원(Kim, Hye-Won),김희선(Kim, Hee-Sun) 한국외국어대학교 중남미연구소 2016 중남미연구 Vol.35 No.2

콜롬비아 소가모스 지역에서 미세먼지 감축 시나리오를 TAPM 모델을 활용하여 도출하고 평가하였다. 시나리오 1의 제철소 및 금속 등 중공업 오염원을 대상으로 미세먼지 방지 기술을 이용하여 배출량을 80% 감축하는 방안에서는 도시 중심 평균 농도는 6.5 μg m-3로 1.5 % 감소하였고, 모델영역에서 최고 평균농도는 387 μg m-3 로 변동 없었다. 시나리오 2의 벽돌 및 석회공장 등을 대상으로 연료를 석탄에서 코크스로 교체하여 90 % 감축하는 방안에서는 도시 중심 평균 농도는 4.5 μg m-3로 31.8%, 모델영역에서 최고 평균농도는 111 μg m-3 로 71.6 % 감소하였다. 시나리오 1과 시나리오 2를 결합한 시나리오 3에서는 도시 중심에서 평균 농도는 4.3 μg m-3로 34.8 %, 모델영역에서 최고 평균농도는 110 μg m-3 로 71.7 % 감소하였다. 소가모스 지역에서 대기환경을 개선하는 로드맵 수립에는 수공업에서 주로 사용되는 석탄 연료를 청정연료인 코크스로 교체하는 방안이 최우선으로 고려되어야 하겠다. 이후 미세먼지 방지 시설을 굴뚝에 설치하는 방안도 차선책으로 고려하여 환경과 경제가 선 순환하는 녹색성장관점에서 장기적인 미세먼지 개선 마스터 플랜이 수립되어야 하겠다. Reduction scenarios for PM10 concentration in Sogamoso, Colombia were analyzed using the TAPM( The Air Pollution Model). The average concentration of PM10 in the downtown area was 6.5 μg m-3, a reduction of 1.5 %. The maximum average concentration in the model domain was 387 μg m-3 without any reduction in scenarios 1 which the PM10 emissions from heavy industries such as iron and metal was reduced by 80 % using the prevention technology. In scenario 2 which the PM10 emissions from the brick and lime industries was reduced by 90 % substituting coke (a cleaner fuel) for coal, the average concentration of PM10 in the downtown area was 4.5 μg m-3, a reduction of 31.8 % , the maximum average concentration in the model domain was 111 μg m-3 , a reduction of 71.6 %. In scenario 3 which the scenarios 1 and 2 were combined, the average concentration of PM10 in the downtown area was 4.3 μg m-3, a reduction of 34.8 % and the maximum average concentration was 110 μg m-3, a reduction of 71.7 %. To put forward a road map for the reduction of PM10 in the Sogamos region, substituting coke for coal in manual industries should have priority over reduction policies. Also, it is highly recommended that a longterm master plan for reducing PM10 concentrations should be established with a focus on environmentally-friendly development and future green growth policy with a win-win relationship between economy and environment.

표준전동차 자동/무인운전기술 개발 및 시운전에 관한 연구

한성호(Han Seong-Ho),안태기(An Tae-Ki),이수길(Lee Su-Gil),이관섭(Kwan-Sub Kim),김원경(Kim Won-Kyoung),최규형(Choi Kyu-Hyoung) 한국철도학회 2000 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

The automatic/driverless operation which are great important techniques in metro railway are required to increase higher safety, greater reliability, and transport capacity. To satisfy such demands, we must have the system design and testing technique for the railway system operation. These techniques are related to the onboard train control and communication systems which include TCMS(Train Control and Monitoring System), ATO(Automatic train Operation), ATC(Automatic train Control), and TWC(Train to wayside communication). These sub-systems must be interfacing with not only each others but also the signal system on the ground. We tested the train control system on Test line that has been developed on the basis of the standardized type EMU for korea railway systems. This test line which is located in Sangju, have been constructed for testing 7 & 8 line of Seoul Metro railway.

Role of the coefficient of uniformity on the California bearing ratio, penetration resistance, and small strain stiffness of coarse arctic soils

Kim, Sang Yeob,Hong, Won-Taek,Lee, Jong-Sub ELSEVIER 2019 COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.160 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For seasonally frozen-thawed Arctic soils, soil properties are significantly affected by the particle size distribution. The objective of this study is to study the role of the coefficient of uniformity (C<SUB>u</SUB>) on the California bearing ratio (CBR), strength, and stiffness. Six poorly-graded sand (SP) samples with various C<SUB>u</SUB> are collected from a depth from 20 cm to 120 cm in the active layer. The amounts of the organic matter range from 0.22% to 2.11%. Specimens are prepared with each natural water content into a CBR mold, and the CBR, mini-cone tip resistance (q<SUB>c</SUB>), and shear wave velocity (V<SUB>s</SUB>) are measured. Field tests using an instrumented dynamic cone penetrometer (IDCP), which can gather force and acceleration signals at the cone tip, are performed. The IDCP index (IDCPI), energy-corrected DCPI (EDCPI), and dynamic cone resistance (q<SUB>d</SUB>) are estimated during penetration. Test results show that the CBR, q<SUB>c</SUB>, q<SUB>d</SUB>, V<SUB>s</SUB>, and maximum shear modulus (G<SUB>max</SUB>) decrease with increasing C<SUB>u</SUB> value. The IDCPI and EDCPI increase according to the C<SUB>u</SUB> value. Thus, CBR is inversely proportional to the DCPI, and linearly proportional to the q<SUB>d</SUB> and G<SUB>max</SUB>. This study demonstrates that the CBR, strength, and stiffness of Arctic soils are affected by the particle size distribution because the main skeleton comprised of large particles can be disrupted by small particles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Soils in active layer are significantly affected by particle size distribution. </LI> <LI> CBR, q<SUB>c</SUB>, q<SUB>d</SUB>, V<SUB>s</SUB>, G<SUB>max</SUB>, and DCPI vary according to C<SUB>u</SUB> value. </LI> <LI> CBR and strength are inversely proportional to C<SUB>u</SUB> due to disruptive small particle. </LI> <LI> Stiffness is inversely proportional to C<SUB>u</SUB> due to weakened inter-particle contact. </LI> <LI> Correlation between CBR and DCPI is enhanced after energy-correction. </LI> </UL> </P>