The Specific Case Analysis of Biomineralization Induced by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria

( Hongwei Liu ),( Shuang Qin ),( Chaoyang Fu ),( Fei Xiao ),( Deli Wang ),( Xia Han ),( Tianli Wang ),( Hongfang Liu ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2017 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.16 No.6

The effects of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) on the corrosion and scaling of the Q235 carbon steel has been investigated in the simulated sewage water and oil field gathering pipelines production water, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and three-dimensional stereoscopic microscope. Results indicated that the concentration of SRB reached the maximum value on the ninth day in simulated sewage water with a large amount of scaling on the surface of specimen. In oil field gathering pipelines, a large amount of scaling and mineralization of mineral salts and thick deposition of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) layers were also observed on the surface of specimen. The thickness of biofilm was about 245 μm within 30 days. After adding microbicides, the thickness of corrosion products film was only up to 48 - 106 μm within 30 days, suggesting that SRB could induce biomineralization. Under-deposit corrosion morphology was uniform in the absence of microbicides while local corrosion was observed in the presence of microbicides.

A novel negative dislocated seal and influential parameter analyses of static/rotordynamic characteristics

Dan Sun,Xudong Wang,Chengwei Fei,Shuang Wang,Yanting Ai 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.9

This paper proposes a new type of negative dislocated seal (NDS) based on the dislocated bearing theory to investigate the influential parameters of static rotor eccentricity and dislocated ratio on the static and rotordynamic characteristics of an example seal solved with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) the flow field. The rotordynamic characteristics of the NDS were investigated in respect of the effects of rotor whirling frequency on response force, stiffness coefficients, damping coefficients and rotor system stability, by multifrequency elliptical orbit rotor whirling model. Based on the studies, we reached the following conclusions. The circumferential pressure distribution of NDS and conventional labyrinth seal (LS) presents sine periodic variation approximately, while relative to the LS, the NDS has two divergent wedge gaps and reduces the hydrodynamic pressure effects, then the circumferential pressure difference and tangential force on rotor surface decreases by about 40 %~190 %. The leakage of the NDS linearly increases with the rising eccentricity ratio and dislocation ratio approximately, and is larger (about 0.9 %~1.5 %) than the LS. The direct stiffness coefficients of the two seals increase with the rise of rotor whirling frequency, while the absolute values of both the cross-coupled stiffness coefficients and the damping coefficients decrease with raising rotor whirling frequency. Compared with the LS, the NDS has smaller (about 28.8 %~206.2 %) cross-coupled stiffness coefficient, larger (about 26.15 %~60.39 %) effective damping coefficient, and good stability of rotor system. This study has developed a novel seal structure to improve the seal performance of turbomachinery such as aeroengine.

Structural Damage Detection using Deep Convolutional Neural Network and Transfer Learning

Chuncheng Feng,Hua Zhang,Shuang Wang,Yonglong Li,Haoran Wang,Fei Yan 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.10

During the long-term operation of hydro-junction infrastructure, water flow erosion causes concrete surfaces to crack, resulting in seepage, spalling, and rebar exposure. To ensure infrastructure safety, detecting such damage is critical. We propose a highly accurate damage detection method using a deep convolutional neural network with transfer learning. First, we collectedimages from hydro-junction infrastructure using a high-definition camera. Second, we preprocessed the images using an imageexpansion method. Finally, we modified the structure of Inception-v3 and trained the network using transfer learning to detectdamage. The experiments show that the accuracy of the proposed damage detection method is 96.8%, considerably higher thanthe accuracy of a support vector machine. The results demonstrate that our damage detection method achieves better damagedetection performance.

Clinical Value of Real Time Elastography in Patients with Unexplained Cervical Lymphadenopathy: Quantitative Evaluation

Fu, Ying,Shi, Yun-Fei,Yan, Kun,Wang, Yan-Jie,Yang, Wei,Feng, Guo-Shuang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13

Ultrasonography is non-invasive and can give useful clues in the diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy, However, differential diagnosis is difficult in some situations even combined with color Doppler imaging. The present study was conducted to evaluate the clinical value of real time elastography in patients with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy using a quantitative method. From May 2011 to February 2012, 39 enlarged lymph nodes from 39 patients with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy were assessed. All the patients were examined by both B-mode ultrasound, color Doppler flow imaging and elastography. The method of analyzing elasto-graphic data was the calculation of the 10 parametres ("mean", "sd", "area%", "com", "kur", "ske", "con", "ent", "idm", "asm") offered by the software integrated into the Hitachi system. The findings were then correlated with the definitive tissue diagnosis obtained by lymph node dissection or biopsy. Final histology revealed 10 cases of metastatic lymph nodes, 11 cases of lymphoma, 12 cases of tuberculosis and 6 cases of nonspecific lymphadenitis. The significant distinguishing features for conventional ultrasound were the maximum short diameter (p=0.007) and absent of echogenic hilum (p=0.0293). The diagnostic accuracy was 43.6% (17/39 cases) and there were 17 patients with equivocal diagnosis. For elastography, "mean" (p=0.003), "area%" (p=0.009), "kurt" (p=0.0291), "skew" (p=0.014) and "cont" (p=0.012) demonstrated significant differences between groups. With 9 of the 17 patients with previous equivocal diagnoses (52.9%) definite and correct diagnoses could be obtained. The diagnostic accuracy for conventional ultrasound combined elastography was 69.2% (27/39 cases). There were differences in the diagnostic sensitivity of the two methods (p=0.0224). Ultrasound combined with elastography demonstrated higher rates of conclusive and accurate diagnoses in patients with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy than conventional ultrasound. The quantitative program showed good correlation with the pathology of different lymph node diseases.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Cao, Yin,Yang, Yingbo,Wu, Hui,Lu, Yi,Wu, Shuang,Liu, Lulu,Wang, Changhong,Huang, Fei,Shi, Hailian,Zhang, Beibei,Wu, Xiaojun,Wang, Zhengtao The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioning at molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and the underlying molecular mechanism of stem-leaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormal neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory induced by SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronal morphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transient transfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin V staining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h, accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampal neurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycin and re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transduction in HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probably through suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings may contribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disorders associated with SD.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Yin Cao,Yingbo Yang,Hui Wu,Yi Lu,Shuang Wu,Lulu Liu,Changhong Wang,Fei Huang,Hailian Shi,Beibei Zhang,Xiaojun Wu,Zhengtao Wang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioningat molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegenerationin the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and theunderlying molecular mechanism of stemeleaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormalneuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory inducedby SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronalmorphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined bytransmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transienttransfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin Vstaining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected byWestern blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h,accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampalneurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycinand re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transductionin HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probablythrough suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings maycontribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disordersassociated with SD.

Study on Odor Formation Control during Kraft Pulping

Song HaiNong,Chai XinSheng,Zhu HongXiang,Sung-Hoon Yoon,Zhang Dongcheng,Wang Shuang-Fei 한국펄프·종이공학회 2006 한국펄프종이학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-

The investigation of the formation of organic sulfur compounds (i.e., odor species), mainly methyl mercaptan and demethyl suifide, during kraft pulping has been conducted, in which both hardwood and softwood species were used. It was discovered that there is an organic sulfur compounds formation phase transition point with respect to delignification extent. The transition point occurs at a kappa number of approximately 35 and 20 for softwoods and hardwoods, respectively. The results also showed that both low sulfidity and anthraquinone (AQ) addition are helpful to control the formation of theses organic sulfur compounds during kraft pulping. Whereas Hexenuronic acid (HexA) has contribution to Kappa number, the extended delignification not only lead to low pulp yield, but also be adverse to odor control. A significant in-digester odor reduction can be achieved if the pulping is to be terminated before phase transition point and combined with AQ addition.

Effect of Interface on Mechanical Properties and Stamping Formability of Ti/Al Multilayered Composites

Miao Cao,Hui‑Qin Chen,Kun‐Kun Deng,Xing‑Wang Duan,Shuang Liu,Xin Che,Fei Li 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.5

Ti/Al multilayered composites (LMCs) with 3-layers, 5-layers and 7-layers were prepared by hot‐pressing and hot‐rolling. Theeffects of the interface on the mechanical properties and stamping formability of LMCs were revealed. The results indicatethat the TiAl3phases at the interface thicken gradually with the increase of layers. As the layers of LMCs increases, boththe grain size and the basal texture strength of Ti decrease, and Ti possesses a higher Schmid factors (SF) and more uniformSF distribution, which promotes the overall coordinated deformation of LMCs. The elongation (EL) of LMCs graduallyincreases at the expense of the strength with the increase of layers. The stress–strain transfer across the interface, the releaseof residual stress through interfacial microcracks, and the improvement of the interfacial metallurgical bonding strengthare all conducive to the coordinated deformation between Ti and Al layers, thus the strength of LMCs decreases and theEL enhances. Both the yield strength ratio (σs/σb) and plastic strain ratio (r) decrease, while the strain-hardening exponent(n) increases with the increase of layers of LMCs, which are beneficial to improve the stamping formability of LMCs. Thenumber of interface increases with the increase of layers, which hinders crack propagation. Moreover, the microcracks areeasily induced by the brittle TiAl3phase at the interface, and the main cracks deflect obviously and release part energy inthe form of secondary microcracks, thus delaying the failure of LMCs and improving their stamping formability.

EGFR-TKI Combined with Pemetrexed versus EGFR-TKI Monotherapy in Advanced EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: A Prospective, Randomized, Exploratory Study

Weiguang Gu,Hua Zhang,Yiyu Lu,Minjing Li,Shuang Yang,Jianmiao Liang,Zhijian Ye,Zhihua Li,Minhong He,Xiaoliang Shi,Fei Wang,Dong You,Weiquan Gu,Weineng Feng 대한암학회 2023 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.55 No.3

Purpose We aimed to evaluate whether the addition of pemetrexed is effective in improving progression-free survival (PFS) in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutated patients with or without concomitant alterations. Materials and Methods This multicenter clinical trial was conducted in China from June 15, 2018, to May 31, 2019. A total of 92 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring EGFR-sensitive mutations were included and divided into concomitant and non-concomitant groups. Patients in each group were randomly treated with EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy or EGFR-TKI combined with pemetrexed in a ratio of 1:1. PFS was recorded as the primary endpoint. Results The overall median PFS of this cohort was 10.1 months. There were no significant differences in PFS between patients with and without concomitant and between patients received TKI monotherapy and TKI combined with pemetrexed (p=0.210 and p=0.085, respectively). Stratification analysis indicated that patients received TKI monotherapy had a significantly longer PFS in non-concomitant group than that in concomitant group (p=0.002). In concomitant group, patients received TKI combined with pemetrexed had a significantly longer PFS than patients received TKI monotherapy (p=0.013). Molecular dynamic analysis showed rapidly emerging EGFR T790M in patients received TKI monotherapy. EGFR mutation abundance decreased in patients received TKI combined chemotherapy, which supports better efficacy for a TKI combined chemotherapy as compared to TKI monotherapy. A good correlation between therapeutic efficacy and a change in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) status was found in 66% of patients, supporting the guiding role of ctDNA minimal residual disease (MRD) in NSCLC treatment. Conclusion EGFR-TKI monotherapy is applicable to EGFR-sensitive patients without concomitant alterations, while a TKI combined chemotherapy is applicable to EGFR-sensitive patients with concomitant alterations. CtDNA MRD may be a potential biomarker for predicting therapeutic efficacy.

Breastfeeding and Ovarian Cancer Risk: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 40 Epidemiological Studies

Li, Da-Peng,Du, Chen,Zhang, Zuo-Ming,Li, Guang-Xiao,Yu, Zhi-Fu,Wang, Xin,Li, Peng-Fei,Cheng, Cheng,Liu, Yu-Peng,Zhao, Ya-Shuang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.12

The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess any association between breastfeeding and the risk of ovarian cancer. A systematic search of published studies was performed in PUBMED and EMBASE and by reviewing reference lists from retrieved articles through March 2013. Data extraction was conducted independently by two authors. Pooled relative risk ratios were calculated using random-effect models. Totals of 5 cohort studies and 35 case-control studies including 17,139 women with ovarian cancer showed a 30% reduced risk of ovarian cancer when comparing the women who had breastfed with those who had never breastfed (pooled RR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.64-0.76; p = 0.00), with significant heterogeneity in the studies (p = 0.00; I2 = 76.29%). A significant decreasd in risk of epithelial ovarian cancer was also observed (pooled RR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.61-0.76). When the participants were restricted to only parous women, there was a slightly attenuated but still significant risk reduction of ovarian cancer (pooled RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.69-0.83). For total breastfeeding duration, the pooled RRs in the < 6 months, 6-12 months and > 12 months of breastfeeding subgroups were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.77-0.93), 0.73 (95% CI: 0.65-0.82) and 0.64 (95%CI: 0.56-0.73), respectively. Meta-regression of total breastfeeding duration indicated an increasing linear trend of risk reduction of ovarian cancer with the increasing total breastfeeding duration (p = 0.00). Breastfeeding was inversely associated with the risk of ovarian cancer, especially long-term breastfeeding duration that demonstrated a stronger protective effect.