우리나라의 지방교육자치제도에 관한 연구

조성일,안세근 건국대학교 교육대학원 1991 敎育論叢 Vol.16 No.-

1. Summary The local educational autonomy system is based on the voluntary participation of inhabitant in local community revolving around student's parents. Nevertheless, korean educational authorities have ruled out the opinions of student's parents and local inhabitants in various fields of educational activities, and have not reflected even the particularity inherent in education sufficiently and operated the education. But, the Law on the Local Educational Autonomy System was enacted by passing the state council on Apr. 11.1991, and so the local educational autonomy system, which has substantially stopped for that time, will be selected in the local council of the units of city and province on the coming july, the local educational board be formed and it comes to revive again. This study aims at preserve the political nautrality of education, putting vigor into the autonomy and specialty of educational autonomy system which can reflect the opinions of local community residents into educational policies. 2. Purpose of this study 1) To grope for its theoretical background on the basis of the concept of the educational autonomy system. 2) To inquire into the matters on the organization, body and operation of the local educational autonomy system. 3) To present the stable plan of securing finance for local education 4) To analyze the derived controversial points and propose the developmental plan of the local educational autonomy system in korea. On the basis of the above-mentioned statement, the important controversial points and reformative plan can be suggested in relation with the current local educational autonomy system in korea. 3. Controversial points and their reformative plan 1) The representativeness of local inhabitants should be strengthened in the constitution of the local educational board, and its members be directly elected by local inhabitants in order to heighten the consciousness of participation. 2) The most significant legislative right, budgetary right and the right to the settlement of accounts, of matters for deliberation in the local educational board, are supposed to be ultimately deliberated by the local council, but the local educational board will have to be made to resolve and deliberate such matters. 3) The critenon(standard) of qualification for the post of the vice-superintendent of education supposed to be placed on the Educational Board Situated in city or province is regarded as the civil servant of regular goverment service, but the requirement of qualification for such post should require the educational career for a given time of period as well. 4) The financial foundation of the local education autonomy system should be intensified in order to effectuate the local educational autonomy system. As a result of this study the following matters would be suggested. 4. Suggestion 1) The authority and responsibility of the head of local government for education should be reinforced. 2) The members on the education board should be selected by local inhabitants directly, and the substantial authority on decision on educational policies be exercised. 3) As to the qualification of the superintendent of education and the vice-superintendent of education the academic background of more than the degree of M.A should be added together with the career of educational special staff. 4) The autonomous budgetary right of the education board should be in a direction of its expansion. 5) Local community should be made to take active part in the development of local schools.

교육위원회의 주요쟁점에 관한 분석적 연구

조성일,안세근 건국대학교 1996 學術誌 Vol.40 No.1

The Local Education Governance (LEG) System aims at promoting the autonomy of the school unit and enhancing the right to be education to education consumer. That is, this system can provide various and good qualifying educational services with education beneficiaries-students, teachers, and parents-and guarantee the right to be education in order to give legal institutions for developing the educational activities according to the local characteristics. The Local education Governance System has not been fully fulfilled for four years. In particular, LEG cannot be settled owing to the formal and structural issues concerned with the characteristics of education committee and the election method of the members. Unlike the institutions filled with variety and peculiarity in the U.S. and European nations, LEG of Korea has been widely influenced by the unilateral Japanese system. "Law of the Local Education Governance," defined the doctrines and objectives of education local autonomy, establishes the characteristics and election method identically in 15 cities and provinces. Thus, the education committe is the just legislative organization that is in charge of limited affairs of decision -making assembly of cities and provinces. And the members of the committee are elected by the members of the local assembly. To develop the LEG system, the autonomy and responsibility of educational operation should be increased, ensuring the diversity and peculiarity of LEG. Among the issues related with the education committee, the characteristics of the committee should be established as a corporative special section separated from the local assembly like in case of America. Otherwise, according to the actual condition, local autonomy regulations should define the characteristics of the committee so as to improve the diversity and peculiarity of the pertinent area. Also to diminish the wrong doing of the current election method, the direct election of the committee members by the citizens should be more suitable. Consequently, to settle and develop the local autonomy is able to make itself independent without the monetary support by the central goverment. In addition, local autonomy bodies should be more responsible for the education funds and the chairman and the local assemblies are to get more interested in the local educationa as well as proper controls on the local education. For that reason, the roles of local assemblies and the education committee should be allotted appropriately. In conclusion, both the central goverment local autonomy bodies(local assemblies), and the LEG(the edcation committee) should keep the cooperative and supporting relationships and ultimately all of them take the responsibility of providing the proper educational services from multiplying the educational administration and decision-making of educational policies.

참다래 수품종의 형태적 특성과 RAPD에 의한 유연관계 분석

조윤섭,조혜성,노일섭,김월수 전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.35 No.-

To examine the taxonomic relationships among 13 male kiwifruits by 36 morphological characters, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were carried out. Of 36 characters, hair density on ventral midribs and between ventral midribs, leaf length/leaf width ratio etc. were considered as very useful characters for the classification of Actinidiacea plants and number of white dots on branch, full flowering period and flower color etc. also showed significant differences among A. deliciosa, A. chinensis and wild kiwis. Results of cluster analysis using scores of the principal component indicated that 13 male kiwifruits could be grouped into A. deliciosa, A. chinensis and wild kiwis phenon at 0.5 of average distance in WMVCA. This result was also very similar to that of RAPD analysis. However, it seems that more characters including various kinds of Actinidia species are needed for the exact classification.

탄성 의치상 이장재의 캔디다 알비칸스 부착도에 관한 실험적 연구

하일수,조주온,이상돈,송광엽,박찬운 全北大學校 齒醫學硏究所 1992 전북치대논문집 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study is to compare the response of four commercially available soft denture lining materials to the growth of C. albicans in vitro. Twelve samples of each soft lining materials were made to a uniform size and volume(15×5×4㎜) and sterilized using ethylene oxide. The samples were individually placed in culture tubes containing 5㎖ of sterile SDB(sabouraud dextrose broth dehydrated) and 0.1㎕ of activated C. albicans(ATCC 10231). The culture tubes had been incubated in incubator at 37℃. Three samples of each material had been tested at 3, 21, 35 and 56 days to determine the number of adherent cells of C. albicans on their surfaces and the number of nonadherent cells in the broth associated with each samples. The data have been analyzed by ANOVA and Scheffe test. The results have been obtained as follows : 1. In growth patterns of C. albicans within soft lining materials, Molloplast-B and K-33 were significantly higher(p<0.01) compared with Coe-Soft, but there was no significant difference between Coe-Soft, Coe Super-Soft and Mollosil(p>0.05). 2. Molloplast-B showed significantly higher(p<0.01) amounts of C. albicans adhering to its surface than other materials under experimental conditions. 3. Generally, adherence was significantly increased until 5 weeks, and after then showed decreased pattern in all materials(p<0.01). 4. The C. albicans was able to penetrate the inner portion of all samples. Coe-Soft showed most amounts of invaded C. albicans, followed in order by Mollosil, Molloplast-B, and Coe Super-Soft.

금속광산 폐석 빛 폐재의 활용을 위한 특성 연구

민경원,진호일,최성범,조현순 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1998 석재연 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

이 연구는 상동광산 주변에 적치되어 있는 폐석과 폐재 자원을 부가가치가 높은 건설자재와 새로운 건설소재 및 첨단산업소재로 활용하기 위하여 폐석 및 폐재에 대한 암석학적 및 물리적·화학적 특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 상동광산 주변의 폐석은 주로 석회암과 셰일, 호온펠스 등이며, 폐재적치장에 쌓여 있는 폐재는 주로 석영과 정장석, 각섬석, 백운모 등의 광물로서, 구폐재 적치장의 폐재가 신폐재 적치장의 폐재보다 약간 더 조립질이고 알카리성을 나타내었다. 폐재의 주성분 원소중 MgO 함량은 신폐재에서, P₂O5는 구폐재에서 각각 뚜렷하게 더 높은 값을 보여 주었으며, 질산과 과염소산의 혼합산에 의한 부분분해에 의해 Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃(T), MnO, MgO, K₂O, Na₂O 등은 비교적 많은 함량이 추출되었으나, TiO₂, CaO, P₂O5 등은 거의 부분 추출되지 않았다. 폐재의 pH가 증가할수록 Fe₂O₃(T)는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, 작열감량(L.O.I.)은 CaO와는 높은 양의 상관관계, SiO₂와는 높은 음의 상관관계를 보여 주었다. The purpose of this study is to determine the petrographic, physical and chemical characteristics of waste rock and sludges around Sangdong mine in order to utilize them as new and high quality construction materials. The waste rocks piled around Sangdong mine are mainly composed of limestone, shale and hornfels, and the sludges in sludge-piles are mainly composed of quartz, orthoclase, amphiboles and muscovite. The sludges in old sludge-piles show a tendency of coarse grains and alkaline than those in new sludge-piles. The sludges of new sludge-piles contain significantly higher abundances of MgO, and those of old sludge-piles show significantly higher content of P₂O5. In consideration of total extraction contents for sludges, the partially extracted contents of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃(T), MnO, MgO, K₂O and Na₂O by mixing acid of nitric and perchloric acid, are relatively high, and those of TiO₂, CaO and P₂O5 are very low. According as pH increases, abundance of Fe₂O₃(T) in the sludges of Sangdong mine decreases. L.O.I.(loss on ignition) shows highly positive and negative correlations with CaO, and SiO₃, respectively.

대두박에 대한 extrusion처리 및 formaldehyde처리가 젖소의 반추위내 in situ분해율에 미치는 영향

문여황,김기원,문점동,조광일,김병기,이성실,이상철 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2001 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.14 No.-

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of temperature of extrusion processing on ruminal degradation characteristics of soybean meal. Four ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were employed to in situ trial and treatments were composed of soybean meals untreated(Control), extruded at 115, 130 and 155℃, and treated with 0.3% formaldehyde(HCHO). The nylon bags were suspended for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hours in the rumen, respectively. Animals fed the diet of 50 : 50 in concentrate and orchard grass hay at 110% of NRC(1988) requirements, and were freely access to water and mineral block. The regression equations for degradation characteristics and effective degradability(ED) of crude protein of soybean meals in the rumen were obtained as follows. Control P = 26.41 + 69.86(1-e^-0.041t) ; ED(k=0.05) = 57.89% 115℃ extrusion P = 3.39 + 44.76(1-e^-0.013t) ; ED(k=0.05) = 12.63% 130℃ extrusion P = 2.79 + 56.60(1-e^-0.015t) ; ED(k=0.05) = 15.85% 155℃ extrusion P = 1.71 + 31.48(1-e^-0.018t) ; ED(k=0.05) = 0.04% 0.3% HCHO P = 7.23 + 35.14(1-e^-0.015t) ; ED(k=0.05) = 15.34% where, P = Degradability during the time(t) suspended in the rumen, k = Passage rate at the rumen(%/hr/100). Ruminal degradabilities of dry matter, crude protein, organic matter and energy significantly (P<.01) decreased by extrusion or HCHO treatments, but did not affected by the temperature of extrusion processing. The ruminal degradation of soybean meals treated extrusion and formaldehyde, paticularly crude protein, was low beyond expectation.

일부 남성 금속제품 조립작업자들의 피로에 영향을 미치는 작업관련요인

장준호,강동묵,고상백,김정원,조병만,이수일 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 남성 금속제품 조립 작업자들의 피로에 영향을 미치는 작업관련요인을 파악하고자 한다. 방법 : 작업자의 일반적 특성 및 작업관련 특성, 육체적 부하, 직무 스트레스 등을 조사 항목으로 하여 자동차 부품 조립업 1개소(476명), 자동차 엔진 조립업 1개소(610명), 대형 선박 엔진 조립업 1개소(454명)의 작업자(1,540명)를 대상으로 수거된 설문지 중 부실하게 응답한 38부를 제외한 1,136부(총연구대상의 73.8%)를 분석하였고, 피로도와의 연관성을 다중선형회귀분석으로 살펴보았다. 조사는 자기 기입식 설문지를 사용하였다. 육체적 부하를 측정하기 위해서는 Borg의 scale이 사용되었다. 격무 스트레스를 측정하기 위해서는 Karasek의 Job content questionnaire가 사용되었다. 피로의 측정은 전반적 피로도(sum of fatigue), 일상생활 기능장애(daily dysfunctioning), 상황적 피로(situational fatigue), 피로점수의 총합(sum of fatigue)으로 구성되어 있는 다면적 피로척도를 사용하였다. 피로점수의 분포는 본 연구에 응답한 피로점수의 총합을 사분위수로 나누어서 4등급으로 나누었다. 결과 : 피로점수의 분포는 피로점수의 총합을 사분위수로 나누었을 때, 0≤1등급≤73, 74≤2등급≤82, 83≤3등급≤93, 94≤4등급≤133이었다. 다중선형회귀분석에서 피로점수의 총합과 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 주간근무, 긴 주당 노동시간, 높은 육체적 부하, 높은 직무요구도, 낮은 직무자율성, 낮은 상사의 지지 등이었고, 전반적 피로도와 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 주간근무, 높은 육체적 부하, 높은 직무요구도, 낮은 직무자율성, 낮은 상사의 지지 등이었다. 일상생활 기능장애와 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 주간근무, 긴 주당 노동시간, 높은 육체적 부하, 낮은 직무자율성 등이었다. 상황적 피로와 유의한 관계를 보인 경우는 높은 연령, 주간근무, 긴 주당 노동시간, 낮은 직무자율성 등이었다. 결론 : 피로관련 요인은 긴 주당노동시간, 높은 직무요구도, 높은 육체적 부하, 낮은 직무자율성, 낮은 상사의 지지로 생각된다. Objectives: To find work related factors affecting perceived fatigue among male metal product assemblers. Methods: The study subjects were metal product assemblers from three metal product companies (476 car parts assemblers, 610 car engine assemblers, 454 ship engine assemblers). From the total of 1,540 subjects, 1,136 (73.8%) were included and 38 respondents with insufficient replies were excluded. Associations between fatigue score and other variables (general characteristics, job related factors, workload, job stresses) were investigated in terms of the concept of multidimensional fatigue construct by self administered questionnaire. Using MFS (Multidimensional Fatigue Scale), JCQ (Job Content Questionnaire), and Borg's scale, we estimated the fatigue, job stress, and workload, respectively. Fatigue score was estimated by 'sum of fatigue' in MFS. Associations were tested by linear regression analysis using SAS v.8.0. Results: In this study, the fatigue related factors were older age, longer working hours per week, higher workload, higher job demand, lower decision latitude, and lower supervisor support. Conclusions: Prolonged working hours, higher workload, higher job demand, poor supervisor support and lower decision latitude were fatigue related factors among the male metal product assemblers of this study.

대전시 유통 과실류의 농약 잔류 실태 및 위해성 평가

한국탁,박혜진,이규승,김일중,김규섭,조성민 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.4

대전시 노은 도매 시장에 서 채취한 과실류와 6종의 농약잔류량을 조사한 후 이에 대한 위해성 평가를 실시하였다. 전체 120건 분석시료 중 70.8%가 농약 성분이 검출되었고 그중 1.67%가 잔류허용기준치을 초과하여 검출되었다. 검출 비율이 높은 시료는 사과, 복숭아, 포도 등이었다. 검출된 성분에서 살충제는 유기인계, 합성 pyrethroid계, 유기염소계가 비슷한 비율로 검출되었고, 살균제에서는 특히 procymidone(dicarboximide계)과 chlorothalonil(유기염소계)의 검출비율이 높았다. 검출빈도가 높은 성분은 chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, fenvalerate, procymidone, deltamethrin, EPN의 순이었다. 위해성을 평가하기 위해서 각 농작물에 대한 농약의 추정섭취량과 ADI를 비교한 결과, 추정섭취량의 비율이 1.221%이하로 나타나 그 영향이 매우 낮은 것으로 판단되었다. 이것은 농약 잔류 허용기준치를 초과한 농작물인 복숭아에서 chlorothalonil, EPN에 대해서도 동일한 결과를 나타내었다. Pesticide residues in some fruits collected at Noeun wholesale market, Daejeon were surveyed and assessed its risk. In 120 samples, the detection rate of pesticide was 70.8% and the rate exceed MRL was 1.67%. Highly detection rate of commodities was apple, peach and grape. Organophosphorus, organochlorine and pyrethroid insecticide were found with similar rate relatively, but most of fungicides were procymidone(dicarboximides) and chlorothalonil(organochlorine). The order of detected pesticide were chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, fenvalerate, procymidone, deltamethrin and EPN. In order to assess risk, estimated intake amount of each pesticide was compared to ADI. Although some peach were exceed MRL, the total amount and uptake pesticides was less than 1.22% comparing to ADI.

소뇌·연수·척수를 침범한 다발성 혈관모세포종 -1 증례 보고-

이원애,조혜제,고일향,김상진 대한병리학회 1995 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.29 No.3

다성분계 증류에 있어서 단수와 환류비와의 관계에 대하여(I)

조철형,조성휴,신성의,전윤,송연호,권규혁,김선일,김정규,최형일,신대윤,고기성 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1981 生産技術硏究 Vol.1981 No.-

This study presents a new method for mathematical simulation of equilibrium stage operations. The procedure solves component material equations with Thomas algorithm and induces to θ-method in order to decrease error. Summation equations are handled with Newton-Raphson method. Therefore, the method can be used for all types of equilibrium stage processes. Additionally, the use of the method presented in this study insures solutions which are stable and more rapid without complexibility. In order to validate the proposed method, the results comparing rigorous method with short-cut method are as follows; 1) convergence is stable and more rapid than others. 2) about 10% error in distillate and bottoms composition of each component. 3) about 13% error in total theoretical number of plates. 4) about 17% error in the feed plate. 5) the procedures are presented for calculations to design distillation column.