White-Matter Hyperintensities and Lacunar Infarcts Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease in the Elderly in China

Shuai Ye,Shuyang Dong,Jun Tan,Le Chen,Hai Yang,Yang Chen,Zeyan Peng,Yingchao Huo,Juan Liu,Mingshan Tang,Yafei Li,Huadong Zhou,Yong Tao 대한신경과학회 2019 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.15 No.1

Background and Purpose This study investigated the contribution of white-matter hyperintensities (WMH) and lacunar infarcts (LI) to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in an elderly cohort in China. Methods Older adults who were initially cognitively normal were examined with MRI at baseline, and followed for 5 years. WMH were classified as mild, moderate, or severe, and LI were classified into a few LI (1 to 3) or many LI (≥4). Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination and the Activities of Daily Living scale. Results Among the 2,626 subjects, 357 developed AD by the end of the 5-year follow-up period. After adjusting for age and other potential confounders, having only WMH, having only LI, and having both WMH and LI were associated with an increased risk of developing AD compared with having neither WMH nor LI. Moderate and severe WMH were associated with an increased risk of developing AD compared with no WMH. Furthermore, patients with many LI had an increased risk of developing AD compared with no LI. Conclusions Having moderate or severe WMH and many LI were associated with an increased risk of developing AD, with this being particularly striking when both WMH and LI were present.

Identifying natural genotypes of grain number per panicle in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by association mapping

Jianyin Xie,Fengmei Li,Najeeb Ullah Khan,Xiaoyang Zhu,Xueqiang Wang,Zhifang Zhang,Xiaoqian Ma,Yan Zhao,Quan Zhang,Shuyang Zhang,Zhanying Zhang,Jinjie Li,Zichao Li,Hongliang Zhang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.3

Introduction As one of the main yield components, grain number per panicle (GNP) played critical role in the rice yield improvement. The identification of natural advantageous variations under different situations will promote the sustainable genetic improvement in rice yield. Objectives This study was designed to identify natural genotypes in a rice mini-core collection, to examine the genotypic effects across the indica and japonica genetic background in different environments, and excavating the superior genotypes that had drove the modern genetic improvement. Methods The association mapping of GNP was carried out using a mini-core collection including 154 indica and 119 japonica accessions in seven different environments. Genotypic effects of each genotype for each QTL were calculated and genotype frequency distortion between the commercial rice cultivars and landraces was screened by χ2-test. Results In total, 74 QTLs containing stable and sensitive QTLs in various environments were detected. Within them, 20 positive and 24 negative genotypes in indica, and 24 positive and 16 negative genotypes in japonica were identified. When checking the accumulation of positive genotypes identified in indica across cultivars in each of the two subspecies, it indicated that increased number of positive genotypes identified in indica results in the substantially increased GNP in both indica and japonica across all of the environments, while this trend was not obvious for the positive genotypes identified in japonica especially in short day environments. Moreover, the positive and negative genotype frequency distortion between the landraces and commercial rice cultivars indicated that both positive selection of positive genotypes and negative selection of negative genotypes had driven the genetic improvement on GNP. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the accumulation of positive genotypes and purifying negative genotypes played equivalently important roles in the improvement of rice yield, but the efficient use for some QTLs or genotypes depends on the comprehensive evaluation of their effect under diverse genetic backgrounds and environments.

Method for estimating workability of self-compacting concrete using mixing process images

Xuehui An,Shuyang Li 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2014 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.13 No.6

Estimating the workability of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is very important both in laboratories and on construction site. A method using visual information during the mixing process was proposed in this paper to estimate the workability of SCC. First, fourteen specimens of concrete were produced by a single-shaft mixer. A digital camera was used to record all the mixing processes. Second, employing the digital image processing, the visual information from mixing process images was extracted. The concrete pushed by the rotating blades forms two boundaries in the images. The shape of the upper boundary and the vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries were used as two visual features. Thirdly, slump flow test and V-funnel test were carried out to estimate the workability of each SCC. Finally, the vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries andthe shape of the upper boundary were used as indicators to estimate the workability of SCC. The vertical distance between the upper and lower boundaries was related to the slump flow, the shape of the upper boundary was related to the V-funnel flow time. Based on these relationships, the workability of SCC could be estimated using the mixing process images. This estimating method was verified by three more experiments. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method could be used to automatically estimate SCC workability.

Verification of a novel glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase capable of histamine degradation and its preliminary application in wine production

Dongqi Jiang,Huamin Li,Shuyang Sun 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.12

The search for enzymes with histamine-degradingactivity is of great interest, since it has great potential inthe way of solving the problem of high histamine levels infood. In this study, the gene of a novel histamine-degradingenzyme, i.e., glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) from Lactobacillus plantarum was cloned andsuccessfully expressed in Escherichia coli DH5a, with therecombinant host determined as histamine-degradingactive. The recombinant GAPDH was then purified tohomogeneity by ammonium sulfate fraction and gel filtration. The optimum pH and temperature were 5.5 and 40 Cand it was strongly resistant to SO2 and ethanol. Afterwards,the histamine degradative activity of partiallypurified GAPDH in actual wine environments (grape andcherry wines) was examined by incubating the enzymes inthe middle, near the end and completion of malolacticfermentation, and histamine in the correspondingcontaminated wines was decreased by 36.8–52.4%,59.6–66.9% and 83.1–85.5%, respectively.

The Nedd8‐activating enzyme inhibitor MLN 4924 ( TAK ‐924/Pevonedistat) induces apoptosis via c‐Myc‐Noxa axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Zhang, Wenjuan,Liang, Yupei,Li, Lihui,Wang, Xiaofang,Yan, Zi,Dong, Changsheng,Zeng, Mu‐,Sheng,Zhong, Qian,Liu, Xue‐,Kui,Yu, Jinha,Sun, Shuyang,Liu, Xiaojun,Kang, Jihui,Zhao, Hu,Jeong, Lak BLACKWELL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS 2019 CELL PROLIFERATION Vol.52 No.2

Interleukin-6 signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell emergence

Ruxiu Tie,Honghu Li,Shuyang Cai,Zuyu Liang,Wei Shan,Binsheng Wang,Yamin Tan,Weiyan Zheng,He Huang 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) produce all lineages of mature blood cells for the lifetime of an organism. Invertebrates, HSCs derive from the transition of the hemogenic endothelium (HE) in the floor of the embryonic dorsalaorta. Most recently, a series of proinflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and Toll-likereceptor 4, have been confirmed to play a key role in HSC specification. However, the full complement of necessarysignaling inputs remains unknown to date. Here, we show that interleukin-6R (IL6R) via IL6 is required and sufficient forHSC generation. We found that Notch activates IL6R by regulating its expression in the HE and in HSCs. The secretionof IL6 mainly originates from HSC-independent myeloid cells, but not from HSCs and their adjacent vascularendothelial cells. In addition, blocking IL6 signaling does not affect vascular development or the production ofprimitive erythrocytes. Taken together, our results uncover a previously obscure relationship between IL6 signaling andHSC production and provide new insights into HSC regeneration using proinflammatory factors in vitro.

A Single-Arm Phase II Study of Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine and Cisplatin for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer

Ting Liu,Qing Li,Zhen Lin,Chunhua Liu,Wei Pu,Shasha Zeng,Jun Lai,Xuebin Cai,Lisha Zhang,Shuyang Wang,Miao Chen,Wei Cao,Hongfeng Gou,Qing Zhu 대한암학회 2024 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.56 No.2

Purpose Patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) have a poor survival. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen in Chinese advanced BTC patients.Materials and Methods Eligible patients with locally advanced or metastatic BTC administrated intravenous 100 mg/m² nab-paclitaxel, 800 mg/m² gemcitabine, and 25 mg/m² cisplatin every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and adverse events, while exploratory endpoint was the association of biomarkers with efficacy.Results After the median follow-up of 25.0 months, the median PFS and OS of 34 enrolled patients were 7.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4 to 13.7) and 16.4 months (95% CI, 10.9 to 23.6), respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events at ≥ 3 grade were neutropenia (26.5%) and leukopenia (26.5%). Survival analyses demonstrated that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels could monitor patients’ survival outcomes. A significant increase in the number of infiltrating CD4+ cells (p=0.008) and a decrease in programmed death-1–positive (PD-1+) cells (p=0.032) were observed in the response patients.Conclusion In advanced BTC patients, nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen showed therapeutic potential. Potential prognostic factors of CEA levels, number of CD4+ cells and PD-1+ cells may help us maximize the efficacy benefit.

A novel immune-related LncRNA prognostic signature for cutaneous melanoma

Hu Nan,Huang Cancan,He Yancheng,Li Shuyang,Yuan Jingyi,Zhong Guishu,Chen Yan 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2024 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.20 No.2

Backgrounds Among tumor microenvironment, the immune components in it have an important influence on gene expression and clinical efficacy. We aim to find out the role of those in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). Objectives Gene expression profile and homologous clinical information of SKCM patients were obtained by TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and UCSC Toil. SsGSEA method was used to evaluate the immune cell infiltration of 468 TCGA-SKCM samples divided into high immune cell infiltration group (HICI) and low immune cell infiltration group (LICI). We used the Edger packet to conduct difference analysis on normal samples (GTEx) and cancer samples (TCGA), and combined it with the difference of the HICI group and LICI group, to find out the common differential expression of lncRNA in both groups. The prognostic value of immune-related lncRNAs was studied by univariate Cox, Lasso-Cox and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and a prognostic model was established. C index and calibration diagram were used to judge the accuracy of the model, and DCA was used to judge the net benefit. Results Six prognostic markers of immune-related lncRNA genes were established, which could be used as independent prognostic factors. The net benefit and prediction accuracy are significantly higher than TNM Stage. Conclusion The prognostic model identified in this study is a reliable biomarker for SKCM. The Nomogram survival prediction model based on it is a reliable way to predict the median survival time of patients, which may lay the foundation for future treatment of this disease. Backgrounds Among tumor microenvironment, the immune components in it have an important influence on gene expression and clinical efficacy. We aim to find out the role of those in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). Objectives Gene expression profile and homologous clinical information of SKCM patients were obtained by TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and UCSC Toil. SsGSEA method was used to evaluate the immune cell infiltration of 468 TCGA-SKCM samples divided into high immune cell infiltration group (HICI) and low immune cell infiltration group (LICI). We used the Edger packet to conduct difference analysis on normal samples (GTEx) and cancer samples (TCGA), and combined it with the difference of the HICI group and LICI group, to find out the common differential expression of lncRNA in both groups. The prognostic value of immune-related lncRNAs was studied by univariate Cox, Lasso-Cox and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and a prognostic model was established. C index and calibration diagram were used to judge the accuracy of the model, and DCA was used to judge the net benefit. Results Six prognostic markers of immune-related lncRNA genes were established, which could be used as independent prognostic factors. The net benefit and prediction accuracy are significantly higher than TNM Stage. Conclusion The prognostic model identified in this study is a reliable biomarker for SKCM. The Nomogram survival prediction model based on it is a reliable way to predict the median survival time of patients, which may lay the foundation for future treatment of this disease.