N-Arylnortropinone 유도체의 합성연구

李龍均,朴유미,鄭大一,金寅植,朴鍾勳,盧信愛,鄭逸守,朴敏洙 東亞大學校附設基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

Tropinone 화합물들은 색다른 고리계의 존재로 아주 오래전부터 약리학적으로 매우 흥미로운 연구과제로 주목되어 최근에 그들의 합성법,?? 입체적 구조분석?? 그리고 약리학적인 연구??가 활발히 진행되고 있다. Tropinone 1은 흔히 마약으로 알려져 있는 cocaine 2, 소염작용과 항경련성 작용 및 심장박동수를 조절 등 다양한 약리작용을 하는 tropane spirohy-dantoin ?? 그리고 안과질환을 검사 할 때 눈의 동공을 확장시키는 데 사용하는 atropine ??등을 합성하는 데 중요한 중간체이다. ??????????? Trigo, G, G등 ??은 aliphatic amine과 succinic aldehyde를 acetonedicarboxylic acid와 반응하여 nortropane 유도체를 합성하였으며, 그 후 [3+2] nitrone cycloaddition? 과 [3+4] cyclocoupling? 을 거치는 tropane alkaloid의 새로운 합성법이 개발되었다. 최근 lzquier M. L. 등¹은 acetonedicarboxylic acid를 사용하여 1차 지방족 amine과 succinic aldehyde대신 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran을 반응시켜 N-alkyl nortropinone 유도체를 합성하였다. 그러나 일반적으로 빙초산 속에서 amine과 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran을 반응시키면 pyrrole 유도체가 합성되어진다.?? 이러한 사실은 분명히 반응조건(예, 산, 온도)에 따른 다양한 화학이 존재한다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 우리는 반응조건, 즉 산의 변화 및 온도 변화에 의한 amine과 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran의 반응을 자세하게 검토하면서 새로운 N-arylnortropinone 유도체를 합성하고자 한다.

파킨슨씨병 환자의 행동신경학적 특성에 관한 연구

이애영,김재문,신석철 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.1

Research with respect to the neurobehavioral features in patients with idiopathic parkinson's disease can provide new insights about the responsible neural substrates for human cognitive and emotional functions. These evaluation allow us to define how these symptoms after on the overall functions in parkinsonian patients, to assess side effects of antiparkinsonian drugs, and to determine the efficacy of clinical management. However, there have been arguing about the prevalence, nature, and courese of nuropsychological deficits in Parkinson's disease. Especially, there is no studies deling with neuropsychological properties in Parkinson's disease with using structured protocols in Korea. To define the neurobehavioral characteristics in patients with idiopathic parkinson's disease, the author have used the structured protocol consisting with Mini Mental State Examination, Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Beck Depression, Inventory, Raven's Colored Progressive Matrice Test, Rey Complex Figure Test with free recall after 30 minutes, Finger Tapping, Grooved Pegboard Test, Hand, Dynamometer, and Stroop test. All these tests cover in the general intelligence, memory, visuospatial and visuomanual functions, depression, and mental flexibility in the patients. Ninety two consecutive patients with idiopathic parkinson's disease were studied prospectively, comprising 46 men and 46 women. To compare their results of neuropsychological tests, 20 age- and education-matched controls were evaluated with using the same neuropsychological battery. Forty one percent of them began the Parkinson's disease between 50 to 70 years of age. The presence of visual of even auditory hallucinations was more common among the elderly patients with cognitive impairments. Clinically, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability an gait abnormality not tremor were positively correlated with the Hoehn-Yahr stage. The mean score of Mini-Mental State Examination and Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale were 22.8 and 92.2(verbal IQ: 96.0 performance IQ: 87.7), respectvely. The mean Beck Depression Inventory score was 22.3. With regard to these scores, the patients on this study showed mild cognitive impairment and depressive mood in general. The dementia was more common in patients who were older and more advanced stages in the Hoehn-Yahr classification. Cognitively impaired patients showed worse mental flexibility on Stroop test and delayed P_300 latencies on Event-Related Potential study. The tests results of fine and rapid finger movement and visuo-menual cooperation indicated that patients in advanced stage in the Hoehn=Yahr classification were more impaired than patients in the earlier stage on the disease. The depressed Parkinson’s patients performed significantly worse than the non-visual memory, and visuo-spatial reasoning. Among the late-onset Parkinson’s patients, cognitive impairments and depression were more common and showed poor mental flexibility.

효과적인 우유 섭취지침에 관한 연구

신현아;이애정;이지선;우혜임;조아라;채유진;엄애선 한양대학교 2010 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.30 No.1

Over the past decade, there has been growing scientific evidence that dietary milk plays a role in beneficial effects for human health. Milk provides a number of good ingredients, in particular with growth factors and different types of proteins such as α -lactalbumin and β-casein. As well as essential amino acids of leucine and isoleucine are make to a positive way of human physical conditions. Therefore, those ingredients are directly involved in the human body, fluid composition and involved in metabolism of protein or carbohydrate. In addition, the development of physical strength and bone health associated with milk consumption. Thus, milk is one of good food for prevention of osteoporosis. Nowadays, several dietary guidelines suggest that people should intake two or three cups of dairy products including milk a day. However, some people cannot drink milk because they appear many adverse effects with regard to intake of milk like allergic reactions, lactose intolerance and weight gain problem. Consequently, it is worthy to discuss about these matters. Person pose the health problems regarding milk consumption should select dairy products carefully. Milk substitutes such as partially-hydrolyzed formula, yogurt, cheese and non- and low-fat dairy products are suggested. They prevent the allergy and lactose intolerance due to lactase in fermented milk digesting the lactose into glucose and galactose. Taking all of these into account, milk consumption is very important to maintain the human health. Although there are several adverse effects with regard to milk consumption, it would not be shown any health problem only if it follows the milk dietary guidelines. Therefore, a milk drinking should be actively encouraged for the public health.

막증식 사구체신염으로 발현한 루푸스 신염 1례

윤신애, 이호창, 하태선 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2012 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.22 No.1

전신성 홍반성 낭창(systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE)은 비정상적으로 증가한 병원성 자가 항체와 면역복합체에 의한 조직 및 세포의 손상을 특징으로 하는 자가 면역성 질환으로, 다양한 자가 항체와 면역복합체는 신장을 포함한 모든 장기를 침범할 수 있다. 신장을 침범한 전신성 홍반성 낭창은 단백뇨, 현미경적 혈뇨, 고혈압과 신기능 이상을 발현할 수 있다. 저자들은 초기 임상적으로 막증식 사 구체신염(membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, MPGN)의 임상소견으로 발현하여, 검사 상 전신성 홍반성 낭창과 조직학적으로 MPGN 소견을 보인 여자 환아를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

사업체 급식의 HACCP 제도 도입을 위한 인지도 조사

이헌옥,심재영,신현아,정덕화,엄애선 한국조리과학회 2002 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.18 No.3

For the introduction of HACCP to industry food service, a survey was conducted from 150 dieticians and 40 managers on their recognition on HACCP system. The questionnaire of the survey included the status of current food safety management, management responsibilities, recognition on HACCP, problems in HACCP introduction. The majority of respondents was satisfied with the current food safety management, and the food service managers were more confident than dieticians in terms of food safety. Foodservice managers (100%) and dieticians (96%) recognized HACCP system; however, they responded the application of HACCP to industry food service were only 27% and 12.5%, respectively. They pointed out the reasons that they cannot introduce HACCP to their industry food service were the lack of benefits and good facilities. Dieticians strongly recognized the need of correction of food safety management in industry food service, compared with food service managers. The results suggest that the introduction of HACCP to industry food service should be accomplished by continuous education and information on food safety, improving facilities and a variety of benefits to HACCP-implemented companies from the government.

구 소련(독립국가연합) 거주 한인들의 김치 이용 실태에 관한 조사 (II) : 김치 담금과 저장에 관한 사항 The General Characteristics on Preparation and Preservation of Kimchi

신애숙,김영희,김영숙,이경임 동아시아식생활학회 1997 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.7 No.1

This research follows the previous research on Kimchi Culture for the Koreans in Commonwealth of Independent States(CIS) and the purpose of this research was to investigate the habits with Kimchi of the Koreans in CIS. The research was carried out with items of the preparation and the preservation of Kimchi. The results were summarized as follows : 1. About 95% of above 30 years old of the respondents prepared Kimchi for their family. But 51.9% of under 30 years old and the forth generation of the respondents got Kimchi without self preparation. 2. All the respondents answered that they learned the method to prepare Kimchi from their mother. And 62.8% of the respondents argued that the procedure of Kimchi preparation of the present in different from that of the past. 3. 40.2% of the respondents used to take Kimchi after 2~3 days from the preparation and 29.1% used to take after 1~2 days. 52.8% of the respondents would like to eat the well-matured Kimchi and 45.2% to eat Kimchi which was immediately prepared. 4. The most popular container for keeping was the enamel pot and the most popular places for keeping was the refrigerator. The popular keeping containers were a wooden box(61.2%), a earthen vessel(20,1%), a plastic vessel(14.7%) and the popular keeping places were a underfloor(37.9%), veranda (25.0%), underearth(22.9%) in order.

편측저작아동의 저작근 활성도

김신,고명연,이애련 大韓小兒齒科學會 1995 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

With the aim of evaluation the functional characteristics and alterations of masticatory muscles in growing children with side-chewing habit, average and maximum muscle activities of right and left masseter and anterior temporal were measured at clinical rest position and clenching position from them with electromyography. The data were processed and analyzed, which yields the results are follows : 1. In clinical rest position, habitually chewing side showed the higher maximum muscle activities in both masseter and temporal muscles. 2. In clinical rest position, habitually chewing side showed the higher average muscle activities in both masseter and temporal muscles. 3. In clenching position, temporal muscles in habitually preferred side showed the higher muscle activities.

구소련(독립국가연합) 거주 한인들의 김치 이용 실태에 관한 조사 (Ⅲ) : 김치 재료 Materials of Kimchi

김영숙,이경임,신애숙,김영희 동아시아식생활학회 1998 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.8 No.1

To investigate the materials in the preparation of Kimchi for Koreans in the Commonwealth of Independent States(CIS), a survey was completed by 199 Koreans living in Moscow, Sahalin, Uzbekistan, and Kazahstan. In the way to purvey the materials of Kimchi, the frequency to get all the materials of Kimchi in the markets is 74.7% on the whole and by regional groups the frequency is relatively high in Moscow and Kazahstan. For the main ingredients most respondents use Chinese cabbage, cabbage, or turnips. In general Chinese cabbage is used most. But the respondents who live in Moscow and Kazahstan. Who are younger, or belong to higher emigrant generation, prefer cabbage Kimchi. For the additional vegetables many respondents use carrots. For the seasonings, garlic, red pepper powder, and salt are added to Kimchi, but the use of ginger, whole seasame seed, and waxy rice paste is relatively low. The coriander, which is not added to Kimchi in Korea, is used in Kimchi by above 80% of the respondents living in the three regions except Sahalin. It is considered to be due to the effect of the western dining cultural area. For the animal materials, 74.4% of the respondents add lightly salted fish to Kimchi and all the respondents in Sahalin add salt-fermented sea food, the kind of which is mainly salt-fermented croaker. The reasons given for not adding salt-fermented sea food to Kimchi in the three regions except Sahalin, 59.9% of the respondents said it was because of the difficulty to purvey, 21.1% because of the fishy taste, and 16.8% because of not considering the addition of self-fermented sea food in Kimchi. The higher the emigrant generation of respondents, the less seasonings of strong flavor like garlic, red pepper powder, and salt-fermented sea food are used, and the more coriander is used. In the salting of Kimchi preparation, 97.8% of the respondents salt the main vegetables by soaking in brine and its concentration is controlled by experience.

초등학교 급식소에서의 HACCP 적용을 위한 계절별 환경미생물학적 위해분석

권성희,이헌옥,정덕화,신원선,엄애선 한국조리과학회 2003 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.19 No.5

Foodservice at elementary schools has been povided nation-wide. It is predictable that foodborne diseases would increase continuously. Formation of a counterplan is urgently needed. This study was designed to identify the stage which contains the critical control points (CCPs) for the microbiological management of HACCP(Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) at the foodservice provided at elementary schools. Foodservice places at four elementary schools in Seoul were sampled and the overall hygiene of cooking, utensils and equipment, employees, and environment by season were examined. The results showed that the number of bacteria in overall samples was increased and that E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus by biochemical test emerged in more diverse samples in summer than in spring. Particularly, the number of aerial bacteria in summer was three-fold greater than that in either spring or winter. E. coli 0157 was not detected, although Salmonella was identified by PCR analysis in the meat Knives, chopping boards, waste bins and meat dish at elementary school foodservice. According to this data, cross-contamination should be managed in the stage of mixing up the ingredients with improper equipments and insanitary treatments. Thus, the establishment of SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures) and GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) at elementary school foodservice is stringently required, along with sanitation education for workers and employees as CCPs.

제대혈 분리방법의 차이에 따른 단핵구 및 조혈모세포의 수득 효과에 관한 비교연구

박정숙,이영호,최안홍,노신애,김태겸,한진영 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1998 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.3 No.1

연구배경 : 최근에 보고된 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 방법을 이용한 제대혈 분리방법이 지금까지의 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리방법에 비하여 조혈모세포의 수득효과면에서 얼마나 차이가 있는지 또한 비교적 수득효과가 크다고 알려져 있는 3% gelatin을 이용한 분리방법에 비하여 얼마나 효과적인지를 알아보고, 제대혈 분리방법의 차이에 따라 단핵구와 조혈모세포 사이에 어떤 상관관계가 있는지 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 21명의 건강한 산모로부터 정상 질식 및 제왕절개 분만 후 제대정맥에서 해파린 처리한 주사기를 사용하여 제대혈을 채취하였다 채취한 제대혈은 동일하게 3개월 시험관에 나누어 실온에서 24시간 이내에 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque분리법, modified Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법, 3% gelatin 분리법을 이용하여 각각 단핵구 분리를 시도하였으며 이들의 단핵구수 및 생존률, CD34 양성세포수, 집락수를 측정 비교 하였다. 또 상관분석을 이용하여 단핵구수, CD34양성세포수와 CFU-GM집락수 사이의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 결과: 1) 세포 생존률은 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법, 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법, 3% gelatin 분리법 사이레 통계적 차이가 없었다. 2) 단핵구수는 3% gelatin으로 분리했을 때가 4.56±1.86 (×10^(6)/mL)로 수득효과가 가장 높았으며 (P=0.0001), Ficoll-Hypaque으로 분리했을때는 각각 1.54±0.06(×10^(6)/mL), 1.36±0.67(×10^(6)/mL)로서 고식적 방법과 변형적 방법 차이에 통계적 차이가 없었다. 3) CD34 양성세포수는 3%gelatin으로 분리했을 때가 6.08±3.99(×10⁴/mL)로 수득효과가 가장 높았으며 (P=0.0001), Ficoll-Hypaque으로 분리했을 때는 각각 2.18±2.17(×10⁴/mL), 2.24±1.63(×10⁴mL)로서 고식적 방법과 변형적 방법사이에 통계적 차이가 없었다. 4) CFU-GM 집락수는 3% gelatin으로 분리했을 때가 15.72±8.93(×10³/mL)로 수득효과가 가장 높았으며 (P=0.0002), Ficoll-Hypaque으로 분리했을 때는 각각 3.12±1.45(×10³mL), 2.35±0.82(×10³/mL)로서 고식적 방법과 변형적 방법 사이에 통계적 차이가 없었다, 5) 제대혈 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 방법으로 분리하였던 경우는 단핵구수와 CFU-GM집락수 사이에 상관관계가 없었으며CD34 양성세포수만 CFU-GM집락수와 상관관계가 있었다. (r=0.57). 또 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 방법에 의하여 분리하였던 경우는 단핵구수나 CD34 양성세포수 모두가 CFU-GM 집락수와 상관관계가 없었다. 그러나 제대혈을 3% gelatin법으로 분리하였던 경우는 CFU-GM집락수 가 단핵구수 (r=0.88) 및 CD34양성세포수(r=0.86)양자 모두와 상관관계가 있었다. 결론 : 3%gelatin을 이용하여 제대혈을 분리하는 것이 단핵구 및 조세모세포의 수득효과면에서 가장 효과적이었다. 한편 변형적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법이 고식적 Ficoll-Hypaque 분리법보다 시간과 경비면에서 비효율적이면서 수득효과도 높지 못하였다. 또 제대혈 분리법의 차이에 따라 단핵구나 CD34 양성세포와 VFU-GM사이에 상관관계에 차이가 있었으며, 실제로 제대혈이식 후에 생착 여부를 예측할 수 있는 인자가 제대혈 분리법의 차이에 따라 달라지는지에 관해서 보다 많은 임상적 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background : Cord blood banking for stem cell transplantation requires volume reduction and red cell depletion for cost effective storage. To determine which technique could minimize the loss of progenitor cells during cord blood processing, we compared the efficacy of cord blood separating methods which were conventional Ficoll-Hypaque method, modified Ficoll-Hypaque method, and 3% gelatin method. Methods : Twenty-one cord blood samples were obtained with heparinized syringes from the umbilical vein following delivery. Three aliquots of each 20mL cord blood were stored at room temperature and processed by 3 different techniques within 24 hours after collection. We compared mononuclear cells(MNCs) counts and their viability, CD34+ cells counts, and CFU-GMs counts and also observed their correlations among three techniques. Results : 1) The yield of MNCs or CD34+ cells was highest in the cord blood processed with 3% gelatin method than conventional or modified Ficoll-Hypaque method(P=0.0001). 2) There were no significant difference in the yield of MNCs and CD34+ cells between conventional and modified Ficoll-Hypaque method. 3) Both MNCs counts (r=0.800) and CD34+ cells counts (r=0.86) were significantly correlated with CFU-GM counts in the cord blood processed with 3% gelatin method. 4) CD34+ cells counts were significantly correlated with CFU-GM counts in the cord blood processed with conventional Ficoll-Hypaque method (r=0.57), but MNC counts were not. 5) Both MNC counts and CD34+ cell counts were not correlated with CFU-GM counts in the cord blood processed with modified Ficoll-Hypaque method. Conclusion : Cord blood separation with 3% gelatin method could provide better yield of progenitor cells than with FICOLL_Hypaque methods. And between two Ficoll-Hypaque methods, modified method is more laborsome but not better in terms of clonogenic potential than conventional method.