양산대학생들의 음주행동에 관한 조사연구(1)

신애숙,우문호 한국식생활문화학회 1999 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the drinking patterns and behaviors of Yangsan College students. Data were collected by a self-administered survey from the subjects, of which male students were 336 and female 165. The results of this study were as follows: 1. With regard to attitude toward drinking, 93.1% of the male subjects and 84.3% female subjects reported to have favor for drinking while only 9.3% of the subjects against drinking. 2. Those who reported to have at least a drink everyday were 13.3% of the subjects. For drinking frequency subjects who reported once in two or three day were most popular(21.9%). The frequency of drinking alcohol was associated positively with amount of discretionary money the students have. 3. For amount of drinking, 42.5% of subjects responded that they were able to drink soju at least one bottle per occasion. Data showed a high positive correlation between drinking frequency and financial costs they spent to drink. 4. The reasons subjects gave to drink included social gatherings after school or student activities (40.1%), change of mood(16.5%), and personal cerebration(16.5%). 5. The most popular place for the subject to go for a drink was neighborhood pubs(43.5%), followed by bar or pubs at downtown(28.3%) and nearby campus(12.2%).

로버트 로월의 「스컹크의 시간」에 나타난 실존적 갈등과 극복

신애숙 한국중앙영어영문학회 2009 영어영문학연구 Vol.51 No.4

This paper examines how Robert Lowell escaped from the desperate frustration and emotional turmoil which resulted from both World War 1 and World War 2. This study includes the question as to what Lowell wanted to tell in his confessional poetry and who he wanted to tell. Life Studies was written as a kind of therapy to overcome his early trauma, as well as the social problems contemporary Americans and Lowell were confronted with. In this study, the conflicts which Lowell fought against will be discussed in the consideration of his philosophical view. Viewed as a whole, especially Lowell’s “Skunk Hour”, one poem of Life Studies deals with how his comtemporary Americans as well as the poet himself could overcome the frustrating situation which almost led them to ‘death’. It goes without saying that Lowell found out his way to head for through “Skunk Hour”, which functions as a conclusional poem in Life Studies. Finally, Lowell recharged himself with the vitality of a nocturnal animal, ‘skunk’. It also implies the restoration of American literature by the influence of American women writers, Marianne Moore and Elizabeth Bishop.

부산지역 특급호텔에 종사하는 조리사들의 직무에 대한 의식과 실태조사 연구 (I) -조리사들의 근무처, 근무부서 및 자격증 등 일반적인 현황 분석 -

신애숙,이진용,Shin, Ae-Sook,Lee, Jin-Yong 한국식생활문화학회 1996 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.11 No.2

The purpose of this study was to get an information on hotel cook. So the food and beverage (F and B) enterprise is one of the most promising industry on post-industry society, and the cook is real agent to lead the F and B enterprise, we need to have a data, information and knowledge on cook to improve a culinary art training program and working environment. This study was surveyed by 216 cook to work for deluxe hotels at Pusan. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The almost cook worked with restaurant for $8{\sim}9$ hours/day, and a half of cook earned a million won in a month. A higher grade cook worked longer hours and earned more money than a lower grade one. 2. The most popular workplace of the cook was Western restaurant, the male cook working at a Western restaurant were more than female, the more female cook and novices worked at a Korean restaurant. 3. The most popular qualification that the cook take were a western culinary art one, and next were Korean one and Japanese one. The 77.8% cook worked at the place that fitted in with their culinary art qulification. 4. A half of cook insisted that they were a expert of western culinary art, and the next was the Korean, Japanese one in order. 5. The cook were unsatisfied with pay, work environment, human relation and promotion, and if they change their workplace, a lot of cook wished to manage their own restaurant. 6. The 63.4% of cook changed their workplace more than a time. The male cook got a more chance to change workplace than female one. The higher grade cook got a more chance to charge workplace. Almost cook got a no chance to study a culinary art at overseas. The most favorite place that the cook want to visit for studying was Europe, and next were Japan, America, Southeast Asia in order.

부산지역 대학생들의 전통음식 패스트푸드화에 관한 견해

신애숙,길지은,노승배 한국식생활문화학회 2001 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

부산지역 대학생 340명을 대상으로 전통음식의 패스트푸드화에 관한 견해를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조사 대상자는 남학생이 56.2%, 여학생이 43.8%, 20-24세가 66.8%를 차지하였고, 자기집에 거주하는 학생이 73.6%이었으며, 평균용돈은 16-20만원이 31.8%로 가장 많은 비율을 차지하였다. 2. 패스트푸드가 식습관에 미치는 영향은 '입맛이 서구화 되었다', '지방의 과잉섭취가 되었다', '외식을 더 좋아하게 되었다', '비만가능성이 커졌다'의 순으로 나타났으며, 성별(p<0.01)로 유의적이 차이를 보여 남학생은 입맛의 서구화, 여학생은 지방의 과잉섭취의 비율이 높게 나타났다. 3. 외국브랜드 패스트푸드점의 이용에 대한 견해는 '생각해보지 않았다'(32.9%), '이용을 자제해야 한다'(23.1%)로 나타났으며 전통음식 패스트푸드점의 이용에 대해서는 '가끔 이용할 것이다'(56.5%), '많이 이용할 것이다'(19.8%)로 나타나 빠른 시일내에 한국형 전통음식 패스트푸드업체의 개발이 필요한 것으로 보인다. 4. 국내브랜드 패스트푸드점에 대한 견해로는 '모르겠다'(32.1%), '맛이 떨어진다'(20.8%), '어쩐지 외국브랜드보다 못하다'(13.3%)의 순이었고, 성별(p<0.01)로 유의적인 차이를 보여 맛의 차이는 여학생이, 가격의 차이는 남학생이 높은 비율로 꼽았다. 5. 전통음식의 패스트푸드점에 대한 견해로는 '전망이 있다'가 62.2%, '신속히 이루어져야 한다'가 15.5%로 나타났으며, 전통음식 중 패스트푸드화 할 수 있는 음식으로는 떡, 한과류(27%), 불고기, 음료, 빈대떡, 잡채, 갈비찜, 구절판의 순이었다. 6. 전통음식을 패스트푸드화 하는데 있어서의 문제점으로는 사람들의 인식(29.7%), 음식의 기계화와 자동화(26.2%), 정성부족으로 인한 맛의 감소(21.6%) 순으로 나타났고, 성별(p<0.01), 연령별(p<0.05)로 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 7. 전통음식 패스트푸드점이 생기면 이용도에 관한 견해는 '가끔 이용할 것이다'가 56.5%, '많이 이용할 것이다'가 19.8%로 나타났고, 연령별(p<0.05), 주거상태별(p<0.05)로 유의적인 차이를 보였는데 연령이 많을수록 '이용치 않겠다'는 비율이 높았고, 특히 주거상태별로는 '전혀 이용치 않을 것이다'의 비율이 하숙생이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 유행에 민감하고 문화의 변화를 주도하며 패스트푸드를 가장 많이 이용하는 세대인 대학생들을 대상으로 우리의 전통음식을 패스트푸드화 하였을 때의 견해를 알아보고 그 전망을 살피기 위한 연구였다. 연구결과에서 나타난 바와 같이 유행의 첨단을 달리는 신세대라 하더라도 많은 비율의 대학생들이 전통음식의 패스트푸드화에 전망을 밝게 보고 있었으며 이를 위해서는 많은 문제점도 지적하였다. 이에 전통음식의 패스트푸드화와 상품화에 대한 인식이 고무적인 방향으로 변화하고 있어 앞으로 계속 그 추이를 연구 할 가치가 있다고 사료된다. This study is to investigate attitude by college students toward transformation of traditional food into fast food style. Data were collected from a convenient sample of 340 students who were enrolled in colleges in Busan metropolitan area. Bivariate analyses with sociodemographic characteristics were made on attitude including evaluation on effects of western fast food taking on eating practice, comparison of willingness to take western-brand fast food with traditional food in fast food style, evaluation of domestic-brand fast food, need and probability of success of operation of fast food restaurant serving only traditional food, list of kinds of traditional food could be in fast food, perceived obstacles to develop traditional food in fast food style and intention to utilize fast food restaurant serving only traditional food if available.

부산지역 특급호텔에 종사하는 조리사들의 직무에 대한 의식조사 연구(2) : 조리사들의 조리기술과 조리사 및 외식산업의 발전에 관한 견해 An Analysis on Development of Technics , Cooks and Food Industry

신애숙 한국식생활문화학회 1996 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.11 No.3

The purpose of this study was to get data on the job attitude of cooks. This study was surveyed 216 cooks who work for deluxe hotels at Pusan. The results were summarized as follow: 1. The cooks think that their devotion is most important source for the best cooking. The next are taste, quality of raw materials, skill and hygiene in order. 2. 57.9% of the cooks think that a degree of expertise their field are average, but 73.6% cooks believe that the degree of expertise is higher than the other restaurant cooks. 3. They think that a good cook should be sincere and have proficiency of skill, good human relationship and study attitude, but they also believe an academic background and knowledge is not important to be a good cook. A deficiency of knowledge about cooking is what cooks believe to be the greatest hindrance for progress of cooking skills. The next hindrance are, a shortage of endeavor and authority of management. 4. The cooks believe that the ability of cooking is most important for a promotion, the others are, in order, human relationship, career background and age. 5. The cooks show little satisfaction with their job, but express their unsatisfaction with their pay. Also the cook's social status is mean. 6. The cooks recognize that a change in hotel policy is most important for the cooking department of the hotel. The next are, in order, enlargement of working space, arrangement of equipments and hiring of experts. 7. The cooks think that Japanese cooking have the best prospect in a food and beverage enterprise, while Chinese cooking have relatively lower prospect.

급성기 중풍 환자들의 위험요인 및 중풍유형과 변증분형의 관련성 연구

신애숙,이인환,곽자영,조승연,박성욱,박정미,고창남,조기호,배형섭,Shin, Ae-Sook,Lee, In-Whan,Gwak, Ja-Young,Cho, Seung-Yeon,Park, Seong-Uk,Park, Jung-Mi,Ko, Chang-Nam,Cho, Ki-Ho,Bae, Hyung-Sup 대한중풍순환신경학회 2008 대한중풍.순환신경학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Objectives : This study was conducted as part of the national project to standardize stroke diagnosis in Korean medicine. In this study, we assessed what categories of stroke diagnosis these three most common risk factors of cerebro-vascular attack(CVA), hypertension(HTN), diabetes mellitus(DM) and hyperlipidemia(HL) fall into. Also we looked into stroke subtypes and its diagnosis in Korean medicine. Methods : 806 patients with acute stroke from 5 universities(Kyung-Hee University oriental medical center, Kyung-Hee University East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyungwon university Incheon oriental medical center, Kyungwon university Songpa oriental medical center and DongGuk university Ilsan oriental medical center) across the country were involved from April, 2007 til August, 2008. We had data of 482 patients to be analyzed and diagnosed by a Korean medicine training doctor and a professor. Results : All three major stroke risk factors were diagnosed as being dampness-phlegm pattern, but no significant difference was observed except in hyperlipidemia patients. Stroke subtypes such as hemorrhage and infarction showed no significant difference in this study. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that hyperlipidemia can be diagnosed as dampness-phlegm by Korean medicine. Further studies with various subtypes of stroke patients are required to prove solid evidence with other stroke risk factors.

중풍 뇌 질환의 한 방향 협진에 관한 임상적 고찰

신애숙,이인환,김나희,김혜미,김민경,심소라,조승연,박성욱,박정미,배형섭,고창남,Shin, Ae-sook,Lee, ln-whan,Kim, Na-hee,Kim, Hye-rni,Kim, Min-kyung,Sim, So-ra,Cho, Seung-yeon,Park, Seong-uk,Park, Jung-mi,Bae, Hyung-sup,Ko, Chang-nam 대한중풍순환신경학회 2010 대한중풍.순환신경학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Objectives : This study was aimed to evaluate the current status of East-West integrated treatment in stroke and brain disease and to discuss further plans. Methods : The medical records of patients who visited the stroke and brain disease center at Kyung Hee University, East-West Neo Medical Center from May 2006 to August 2010 were evaluated. The general characteristics of patients who underwent integrated treatment, trend in the number of cross referrals were initially evaluated. Later major disorders, the reasons of referrals and the number of visits in outpatients were analyzed. Results : 1. 3496 patients were referred from the eastern medical hospital to the western medical hospital and 2440 patients from the western medical hospital to the eastern medical hospital. The number of patients reached a peak alter the opening of the hospital and has decreased from then on. Referrals of female patients were more than those of male patients and patients over 50 years old were the most. 2. Admitted patients with stroke of chronic stage were most commonly referred from the eastern medical hospital to the western medical hospital and cerebral infarction was most common from the western medical hospital to the eastern medical hospital. Among the outpatients cerebral infarction topped from east to west, and stroke of chronic stage from west to east. 3. 36.6% of the patients from east to west received integrated treatment more than 3 times and 28.6% from west to east. Headache was the second most common reason to be referred from west to east and 36.7% of patients didn't continue to have either of the treatment and 30.3% received eastern treatment only, Conclusions: According to this study, chronic stroke management was successfully performed in the outpatient clinic in the form of East-West integration treatment. Further research on other diseases such as headache is recommended.

염건양태의 조리방법에 따른 관능적 특성(II)

신애숙,이현덕,김경자 한국식품조리과학회 2000 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.16 No.6

본 연구는 조리조건별, 염농도별, 조리시간별로 차이가 있는 염건양태를 관능검사를 실시하여 그 상관관계를 분석, 염건양태의 최적 조리조건을 찾아내고자 한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 찌기의 각 관능검사 요소들간의 상관관계는 구수한 맛은 외양의 갈색정도, 익은 정도, 구수한 냄새와, 비린 맛은 비린내, 쓴맛과 양의 상관관계를 보여 비린맛이 강할수록 익은정도, 구수한 냄새, 갈색 등에 좋지 않은 영향을 미쳤고, 구수한 맛은 갈색과 익은 정도 및 부드러운 정도에는 5%의 유의적인 상관관계를 보였다. 2. 삶기의 각 관능검사 요소들간의 상관관계는 구수한 맛은 외양의 익은 정도와 구수한 냄새와, 비린맛은 비린내, 쓴맛, 아린맛과 양의 상관관계를 보였고, 구수한 맛은 익은 정도, 촉촉함, 구수한 냄새, 비린내에 대해 5%의 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내고 있다. 3. 굽기의 각 관능검사 요소들간의 상관관계는 구수한 맛은 구수한 냄새와 쫄깃한 조직감과, 비린맛은 비린내, 쓴맛, 퍼석함, 비린 후미,아린맛과 양의 상관관계를 보였고, 구수한 맛은 비린내, 구수한 냄새 및 쓴맛과 1%의 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내었다. 4. 표준조리법을 위한 정량적 묘사분석결과 찌기는 염도 6%의 염건양태를 5분, 삶기는 염도 6%의 염건양태를 10분간, 굽기는 6%의 염건양태를 10분 구운 것이 관능검사 결과 가장 좋다고 평가되었다. 조리조건 중 가장 기호도가 좋은 조리법은 굽기조리인 것으로 나타났다. 5. 염도별, 조리시간별 관능검사의 종합적 평가에서 2% 염건양태는 15분 조리시 삶기군 > 종합적인 조리평균 > 찌기군 > 굽기군의 순으로, 4% 염건양태는 5분 조리시 삶기군 > 찌기군 > 종합적인 조리평균 > 굽기군의 순으로, 6% 염건양태는 조리방법에 따라 비슷한 점수대를 나타내었다. The purpose of this study was to determine the best cooking condition for salted-dried flathead by sensory evaluation. Raw flathead and 3 different kinds of salted(2%, 4%, 6%)-dried flathead were cooked by various methods such as steaming, boiling, baking and different cooking times(5, 10, and 15min). The results of this study were as follows: 1. In steamed samples, the meaty flavor was significantly related with brown color, cooled level, and softness at 5% level. 2. In boiled samples, meaty flavor was significantly related with cooked level, moistness, and fishy odor at 5% level. 3. For broiled samples, meaty flavor was significantly related with fishy odor, meaty aroma, and bitter taste at 1% level. 4. The best cooking conditions determined by a quantitative descriptive analysis(QDA) were steaming 6% salted-dried samples for 5min, and boiling or broiling 6% salted-dried samples for 10min. The most favored cooking method was broiling. 5. In comparison of the samples by QDA, 2% salted-dried samples cooked 15 min gave better scores in the order of boiled > overall score > steamed > broiled, 4% samples cooked 5min were boiled > steamed > overall score > broiled, and 6% samples showed similar scores among all conditions. The 6% samples cooked for 5min gave high scores in 7 terms of QDA in steaming, and 6% samples cooked for 10min for boiled and baked.

부산대학가 외식 유형과 고객 선호도 연구

신애숙,노승배 동아시아식생활학회 2000 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Changes in eating culture patterns has been observed among modern Koreans from seeking out traditional types of eating out restaurant to the modern, luxurious, and hybrid food. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of eating out and preference of food in Pusan National University(PNU) area, representing typical patterns of eating out in Pusan. Data revealed that the most popular places in which the subjects visited were Korean traditional restaurants and snack bars. The names of the places were in trendy style of Korean connotation, with intention to appeal to the new generation. The interviewee reported that decision making on choice of places were made by taste, price, and service in that order. The frequency of eating out was once in two or three days, Korean traditional restaurants, noodle shops, and restaurants offering fusion food being the place of choice. Preferred reasons for the PNU area were reported to be low price, followed by variety of food offered and geographical accessibility to the places. Most of the interviewees in the area were satisfied with the taste of food and service quality. A list of food they were willing to introduce to oversea foreigners included raw fish. Dongrae Pajon, Pulgoki, Kimchi and dog soup in that sequence. The results of survey indicator that changes in the eating out environment in Pusan were improvement of service quality, development of new recipes, improvement of hygiene standards and development of area-specific food. The results may also act as a guide in changing the eating out environment and developing tourism in Pusan.

염건양태의 조리방법에 따른 관능적 특성(1)

신애숙,이현덕,김경자 한국조리과학회 1999 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.15 No.5

한국인의 전통적, 특징적인 생선섭취 형태는 생선을 건조하여 조리하고 섭취하는 방법이다. 이에 본 연구는 실험재료로는 남해안 지방의 대표적인 건조생선인 양태로 하엿으며, 염건양태를 각각 찌기, 삶기, 굽기의 세가지 형태로 가열조리를 한 후 시료로 사용하였다. 염건양태를 알맞은 염도로 먹을 수 있다고 판단되는 2, 4, 6(%)의 염용액에 2시간 담근 후 건조하여 그 각각의 양태를 찌기, 삶기, 굽기의 3가지 종류의 가열조리를 하되 조리시간을 5, 10, 15(분)으로 나누어 실시하여 검사시료로 사용하였으며, 사용한 관능검사 방법은 항목척도식 묘사분석과 반응표면 분석법이며, 관능검사 결과는 SAS program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 1. 찌기조리의 기호도에 있어서는 조리조건이 6% 염농도에 절여 말리고 5분간 찐 염건양태에 대한 선호도가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로는 염농도 6%와 10분조리, 2% 5분조리, 2% 10분 조리, 4% 10분 조리의 순으로 선호도가 높았다. 2. 삶기조리의 기호도에 있어서는 조리조건이 염농도 6% 조리시간 10분간 삶은 염건양태에 대한 선호도가 가장 높았으며 그 다음이 6% 15분, 2% 5분, 2% 10분 조리의 순으로 나타났다. 3. 굽기조리의 기호도에 있어서는 염농도 6% 조리시간 10분간 구운 염건양태에 대한 선호도가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로는 2% 5분조리, 2% 15분 조리, 2% 10분조리의 순으로 선호도가 높았다. 4. 외관의 항목중 갈색정도와 익은정도는 굽기군이 선호도가 유의적으로 높았으며, 냄새의 항목에 있어서 구수한 냄새가 굽기군이 가장 선호도가 높은 반면, 비린내에서는 점수가 가장 낮아 바람직한 조리군으로 나타났다. 풍미의 항목에서 굽기군은 구수한 맛에 있어서는 선호도가 높고, 비린맛에서는 점수가 낮았으며, 조직감에 있어서도 굽기군이 쫄깃함의 선호도가 가장 높았다. 그러므로 3가지 조리방법중 염건양태의 표준조리법은 찌기조리에는 염분 6%에서 5분간, 삶기조리에는 염분 6%에서 10분간, 굽기조리에는 염분 6%에서 10분간 조리하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다. A purpose of this study was to figure out the best cooking conditions of salted-dried fish by a sensory evaluation on cooked salted-dried flathead. Cooking of the salted-dried fish is traditional and popular in Korea, and salteddried flathead is a favorite with southern Korea. The raw material for the examination were a raw flathead and 3 degrees salted(2%, 4%, 6%)-dried flathead which added 3 kinds cooking treatment (steaming, boiling, baking) within three different times(5, 10 and 15 min.) respectively. The category scaled descriptive test and response surface methodology were applied for the evaluation, and the results of the evaluation were analyzed by SAS program. The result of the study were as follows : 1. For the steaming cooking, scale at 6% salt concentration and 5 minutes cooking time were the best conditions of the salted-dried flathead cooking. 2. For the boiling, 6% salt concentration and 10 minutes cooking time were the best conditions. 3. For the baking, 6% salt concentration and 10 minutes cooking time were the best conditions. 4. The baking group got higher estimations on the items of browning, cooked condition and meaty aroma than steaming and boiling group on Duncan's multiple range test. According to the result of the Duncan's test, baking is better cooking way for the salted-dried flathead.