Simplified Effective Compressive Strengths of Columns with Intervening Floor Slabs

Seung?Ho Choi,Jin?Ha Hwang,Sun?Jin Han,Hae?Chang Cho,Jae Hyun Kim,Kang Su Kim 한국콘크리트학회 2020 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.14 No.5

The current design codes discuss the effective compressive strengths of columns, which reflect a decrease in load transfer performance that can occur when columns and slabs have different concrete compressive strengths. The effective compressive strength of a column increases as it is confined by the slab, and the design codes mandate three different effective compressive strengths for interior columns (confinement on four sides), exterior columns (confinement on three sides), and corner columns (confinement on two sides). For both corner and exterior columns, the confinement effect of the slab is significantly smaller than that for the interior column, and there is a more marked decrease in load transfer performance. However, there is still a lack of theoretical studies investigating the effective compressive strengths of the corner and exterior columns. Therefore, based on the analysis model established in previous research, this study has proposed an equation for calculating the effective compressive strengths of the corner, exterior and isolated columns without any confinement effects of the slab. In addition, axial loading tests of isolated columns were conducted and the proposed equation was verified.

하지의 만성 폐쇄성 혈관질환에서 절단부위 결정을 위한 색조도플러영상의 진단학적 가치

황득수,오홍록,이승진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

There is no definite criteria for the determination of the level of amputation in ischemic limb or diabetic foot. So, We propose our update criterias for this problem as another good method, which are color doppler sonography as a noninvasive method and angiographic imaging as a more accurate but invasive method for the vascularity and its supplimentation in ipsilateral lower extremity as well as Wagner's ischemic index. We are concluded from our experience, as these; 1. Color doppler imaging is a kind of a good method for the determination of the level of amputation in ischemic limb or diabetic foot of lower extermity, even than Wagner's ischemic index. 2. The wound healing of diabetic foot is more difficult than any other foot disease such as Buerger's disease or atherosclerotic vascular disease in our experience.

5-〔3-(N-Substituted Piperazinyl)Propoxy〕Indan類의 合成과 中樞神經抑制效果

黃熙喆,閔庚鎭,文勝煜,李萬佶,徐丙天 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1985 基礎科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Five new indans, 5-[3-(N-substitued piperaziny) propxy]indans, were synthesized by condensation of 5-(3-bromopropoxy)indan, the intermediate, and N-substituted piperazines. The structure of the compunds were determined by means of IR, NMR spectoscopy along with elemental analysis. Each compound was tested for antimorphine and antiamphetamine effects as part of CNS depressant effects and for muscle relaxant action in mice. Thes compound exhibited less potent activity compared to chlordiazepoxide on CNS depressant effect. Muscle reaxant action of the compounds, the side effect of tranquilizer, however, was much weaker than that of chlordiazepoxide.

그라프트 중합에 의한 클로로프렌 고무의 물성에 관한 연구

황승순,이상호,손진언,박동원 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2002 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

Graft-copolymerization were performed with poly(chloroprene) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) in order to determined the effects of initiator concentration, reaction time, and nitrogen purging on the kinetics of the copolymerization and physical properties of the copolymer. At high concentrations of initiator poly(chloroprene-graft-methyl methacrylate) is more viscous in case that nitrogen is purged during the copolymerization, compare to the copolymerization under air environment. The conversion of MMA increases with the concentration of initiator while the elongation of the copolymer maintains relatively steady. After the copolymerization elapses around 3 hours with nitrogen purging, the viscosity of the copolymer increases rapidly. However, the viscosity is almost steady regardless of time under air environment. Whereas the conversion of MMA increases with reaction time, the efficiency of grafting decreases. The graft copolymer prepared in air has relativity constant tensile strengths of 200 Kgf/cm2. The copolymer prepared with nitrogen purging has tensile strengths grater than 250 Kgf/cm2 and shows a maximum value, 275 Kgf/cm2, at the reaction time of 2.5 hours. Drying the solvents used to make chloroprene adhesive is faster in order of methyl alcohol, methyl cyclopentane, o-xylene, and cyclohexane.

Inoue Balloon을 이용한 PMV의 장·단기 결과 분석

진은선,이연아,전숙,김현숙,정승묵,박상선,최락경,임달수,홍석근,황흥곤 대한순환기학회 2003 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.33 No.11

일측 자골신경의 절단 및 재연결 후 흰쥐 척수에서 신경세포 접착분자(NCAM)의 면역조직반응의 변화에 관한 형태학적 연구

황세진,전복관,안동춘,조원길,김승현 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Thiamine결핍 유도후 쥐 전뇌의 성상교세포 Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein(GFAP) 면역화학 활성도에 대한 변화

김승현,김희태,김주한,김명호,황세진,김명권,백태경 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.1

필기문서의 온라인과 오프라인의 인식에 관한 연구

黃仁鎭,鄭成鐘 全北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

A method to recognize mixed documents of Hangul, Alphabet, and digits is proposed in this thesis. The recognition system included on-line and off-line and off-line process for automatic input system. On-line recognition system is implemented by finite automaton and would be possible to process in real-time. For off-line recognition of Hangul, Alphabet, and digit, graph patterns of characters are generated and transformed into tree patterns. these tree patterns are searched by preorder-traversal to generate recognition key. Recognition of mixed document is completed by searching recognition rule table by these keys.

대구 및 인근지역의 도로먼지에 함유된 미량원소성분의 함량분포

황윤정,황승만,최진수,김무식,백성옥 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.17 No.2

요약문 본 연구는 각종 먼지 가운데서도 독성이 가장 큰 것으로 알려진 도로먼지에 함유된 미량원소 성분이 조성 및 특성을 파악하기 위해 1992년 1월에서 10월가지 주거지역, 상업지역, 공업지역, 교외지역, 전원지역 등에 위치한 도로에서 시료를 채취하였으며 채취된 시료는 산으로 추출한후 ICP로 분석하였다 . 그 결과 토사 및 황사현상과 같은 자연발생원과 연관지을 수 있는 Al, Ca, Mg, Ti, Si, Na, K의 농도가 지역에 따라서는 전원지역과 교외지역에서, 그리고 도로포장 형태에 따라서는 비포장 도로에서 높게 나타난 반면에, 각종 연소 및 차량과 같은 인위적인 발생원과 관련이 있는 As, Cr, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni는 공업지역 및 상업지역, 그리고 아스팔트에서 비교적 높게 검출되어 이러한 미량원소성문들의 농도분포는 지역에 따라, 그리고 도로포장 형태에 따라 특징적인 양상을 나타내는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 As, Pb, Al 등의 일부 미량원소성분들의 농도는 계절에 따른 차이를 나타내었으며, 농축계수에 의한 평가결과 농축계수가 낮게 나타난 Na, Si, Ti, K, Al 등은 자연발생원에 의해 상당한 영향을 받는 반면에 As, Pb, Zn 등은 농축계수가 매우 높게 나타나 이들 성분의 경우에는 인위적인 발생원에 의한 기여도가 큰 것으로 평가되었다. Abstract This study was carried out to characterize the trace elements in street dust known to contain several toxic elements. Street dust was collected in residential, commercial, industrial, suburban and rural area of Taegu and on the vicinity of Taegu from January to October, 1992. Total amount of 16 trace elements in street dust were analyzed by ICP spectrophotometer. While the levels of As, Cr, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu and Ni were higher in industral and commercial area than any other area by sites and the highest levels appeared on asphalt and cement street by street conditions. Also the concentrations of some trace elements originated mainly from soil (e.g. Al, Ca, Mg, Si, Na) were higher in rural and suburban area by sites and the highest levels appeared in unpaved street by street conditions. The concentrations of several trace elements such as Aa, Pb, Al appeared seasonal differences. The estimated enrichment factors (EF) for Na, Si, Ti, K and Al components showed with soil compositions appeared to have low values, while As, Pb and Zn components showed relatively higher values. These results imply that the latter constituents were likely to be affected by dry and wet depositions of atmospheric particles orginated from anthropogenic sources such as fuel combustion and refuge burning.

서울 강서지역 1개 대학병원에서 성인 급성 신우신염의 원인균과 항생제 감수성

황병연,이재갑,박대원,이연주,김성범,엄중식,손장욱,정희진,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

목적 : 3년간 서울시 강서지역의 1개 대학병원에서 입원치료를 받은 성인 급성 신우신염 환자를 대상으로 원인균과 항생제 감수성을 조사하고, 향후 급성 신우신염의 초기 경험적 치료 항생제를 제안하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1999년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 3년간 고려대학교 의과대학 구로병원에 상부요로감염으로 내원한 16세 이상 환자 229명의 의무 기록을 검토를 통하여, 인구학적 특성, 원인균, 항생제 감수성, 초기 항생제 사용 양상과 입원기간을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연구에 포함된 229명을 118명의 단순 신우신염군과 111명의 복잡 신우신염군으로 구분 하였다. 단수 신우신염의 평균 발생 연령은 38.2세와 복잡 신우신염 56.1세로 복잡 신우신염 환자의 연령이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.001). 양군 모두에서 원인균 중 E. coli의 분리율이 가장 높았으며 항생제 감수성 결과 ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfame-thoxazole에는 높은 내성률을 보였고, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime에 대한 감수성은 비교적 높았으나 복잡 신우신염의 경우 단순 신우신염에 비하여 ciprofloxacin, gentamicin에 대한 감수성이 다소 낮은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 평균 입원 기간, 항생제 투여 기간에 있어서도 복잡 신우신염군에서 유의하게 길었다. 결과 : 본 연구의 결과 서울의 강서 지역에서 대학병원급에 치료 의뢰되는 단순 급성 신우신염의 치료에 있어 1차 항생제로 3세대 cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, quinolone 중 한가지를 초기 경험적 치료제로 사용을 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. Background : The purpose of this study is to recommend the initial therapeutic regimen for adult patients with acute pyelonephritis (APN) according to the changes of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of causative microorganisms isolated from patients with APN. Methods : We reviewed medical charts of 229 APN patients, who had been treated at Korea University Guro Hospital from 1st of January. 1999 to 31st of December, 2001. We investigated the demographic data, clinical findings, durations of hospital treatment, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the causative microorganisms and initial antibiotic regimens in patients with APN. Results : In this study, 229 adult patients with APN were classified into simple APN patients (118 patients, 51.5%) and complicated APN patients (111 patients, 48.4%). Mean age of patients with simple APN was 38.2±14.1 years old and that of patients with complicated APN was 56.1±14.9 years old. Mean age of patients with complicated APN was significantly higher than that of simple APN patients (P<0.0001). Escherichia coli was the most common microorganism both in simple APN (96.7%) group and in complicated APN (90.6%) group. Antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli was at the low level of ampicillin (31%/20%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (42.6%/34.2%) in each group. In contrast, ciprofloxacin (11.5%/22.7%), gentamicin (16.4%/22%) and cefotaxime (0%/8.2%) resistance remained at relatively lower level. In comparison of simple APN with complicated APN, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin resistances were higher in complicted APN group. Average duration of hospitalization (5.9±2.3 days/8.2±4.6 days) and duration of antibiotic use (12.1±3.9 days/15.3±10.0 days) were significantly longer in complicated APN. Conclusions: The results of this study suggests that 3rd cephalosporin, aminoglycoside or quinolone antibiotic would considered as one of the initial therapeutic regimen for patients with simple APN in southwestern Seoul.