독립성검정에 의한 연관성의 측정

이승천,허문열 성균관대학교 응용통계연구소 2002 통계연구 Vol.10 No.-

두 확률변수의 연관성을 측정하는 연관성 측도는 많이 있으나, 이러한 연관성 측도는 같은 유형인 변수들의 연관성만을 측정하기 위한 것으로 여러 가지 유형의 변수들이 혼재되어 있는 혼합자료에서 사용하기는 곤란하다. 본 논문에서는 두 확률변수의 독립성 검정을 통해 구한 p-값으로 혼합자료에서 사용될 수 있는 새로운 연관성 측도를 구하였으며, 이렇게 구하여 진 연관성 측도가 혼합자료에서 변수들 간의 연관성을 비교하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 보였다. Although there exist numerous measures of association, most of them are lacking in generality in that they do not intend to measure the association between heterogeneous type of random variables. On the other hand, many statistical analyzes dealing with complex data sets require a very sophisticate measure of association. In this note, we propose to utilize the $p$--value of an independence test to obtain a measure of association. The proposed measure of association have some consistency in measuring association between various types of random variables.

교정력 부하시기에 따른 교정용 미니 임플란트의 안정성

이승연,차정열,윤태민,박영철 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.3

본 연구는 미니 임플란트 식립 후 교정력 부하시기와 관련하여 임플란트 주위골의 치유과정을 조사하였다. 성견8마리의 하악 협측골에 교정용 미니 임플란트(ORLUS, Ortholution CO, Korea) 48개를 식립한 후 교정력을 주지 않은 대조군과 식립 후 즉시 교정력을 준 즉시 부하군, 그리고 식립 후 3주간의 치유기간을 두고 교정력을 준 지연 부하군으로 나누어 각각의 군에 대해 3주, 6주, 12주가 경과된 시점에 임플란트 주위골의 변화를 조직 계측학적으로 관찰하였다. 골 접촉률은 즉시 부하군에서 시기에 따른 유의한 변화가 없었으며 지연 부하군은 3주에 비해 12주에서 유의하게 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 각 시점에서 군 간의 골 접촉률을 비교했을 때 12주째 지연 부하군이 즉시 부하군보다 유의하게 높았다 (p < 0.05). 골 면적비율은 즉시 부하군의 경우, 시기에 따른 유의한 변화가 없었으며, 지연 부하군과 대조군은 6주에 비해 12주째 유의한 증가를 보였으며 (p < 0.05), 12주째 실험군 간에 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다 (p > 0.05). 동요도는 12주째 즉시 부하군과 지연 부하군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다 (p > 0.05). 위의 결과에서 즉시 부하가 self drilling형 미니 임플란트 주위골의 안정성에 부정적인 영향을 주지 않았으므로 식립 즉시 교정력을 부여하여 사용하는 데 임상적으로 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of mini-implants in relation to loading time. Methods: A total of 48 mini-implants (ORLUS, Ortholution, Korea) were placed into the buccal alveolar bone of the mandible in 8 male beagle dogs. Orthodontic force (200 - 250 gm) was applied immediately for the immediate loading group while force application was delayed for 3 weeks in the delayed loading group. For the subsequent loading periods (3, 6, 12 weeks), BIC (bone implant contact) and BV/TV (bone volume/total volume) and mobility test were carried out. Results: The immediate loading group showed no changes in BIC from 3 to 12 weeks, while the delayed loading group showed a significant increase in BIC between 3 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05). The BV/TV of the delayed loading group significantly increased from 6 to 12 weeks of loading (p < 0.05), while the BV/TV of the immediate loading group decreased from 3 to 12 weeks of loading. However, there was no significant difference in BV/TV between experimental groups. The mobility of the immediate loading group was not significantly different from that of the delayed loading group after 12 weeks of loading (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results showed that immediate loading does not have a negative effect on the stability of mini-implants compared to the early loading method in both the clinical and histomorphometric point of view.

스테로이드 주사를 이용한 이개혈종의 치료

박재율,신승헌,김광훈,이웅렬,박일동,박광헌,마도훈,전일훈 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.2

DSR을 기반으로 라우팅 테이블을 적용한 개선된 Ad hoc라우팅에 관한 연구

김승수,유충렬,이광배,김현욱 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In this paper, an improved source routing protocol is designed for mobile ad hoc network with unidirectional link. In the Mobile ad hoc network, nodes communicates with each other by usingmulti-hop method without any base station. In order for a source mobile node to send its data to a destination node through other intermediate nodes, mobile ad hoc routing protocol is required. DSR and AODV are the representative routing protocols for Mobile ad hoc network. However, unfortunately, current DSR and AODV routing protocol versions support mobile ad hoc network only with bidirectional links. We proposed and simulated a source routing protocol supporting mobile ad hoc network with unidirectional links which was based on DSR and AODV routing protocol. The result of simulation show average route setting time of 0.004~0.007 second and average date receiving rate of 97~97%.

고추의 品種別 光合成速度와 葉의 形質間의 相關關係

安承烈,趙三增,李文煥,金鎭漢 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1992 農業科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

This study was carried out to study on the relationships between phetosynthetic rate and leaf characters in red pepper varieties. Leaf thickness, chlorophyll content, number of stomata, photosynthetic rate, length and width of palisade cell, and surface area and volume of palisade cell were measured, and inorganic elements were analyzed, and their relationships were studied. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Photosynthetic rate was higher in HongIlpumgochu, Hansolgochu, and lower in OngJogochu, TaeAnJaeRae and CheongYanggochu. 2. Chlorophyll content was higher in HanSolgochu, GiHogochu, and PalBanggochu and lower in TaeArJaeRae and CheongYanggochu. 3. Leaves were thicker in BokKyeongochu and PalBanggochu than in Cheongranggochu and Mankanggochu. 4. Number of stomata was higher in CO 1581, BokKyeongochu, and JinSolgochu than in TaeAnJaeRae and PalBangochu. 5. Palisade cell was longer in GiHogochu and HwaChungochu than in CheongYanggochu, OngJogochu, and HanSolgochu. 6. Palisade cell was wider in KwaRiPutgochu and Putgochu than in ShinHonggocu, TaeAnJaeRae, and SaeRoNaGungochu. 7. Surface area of palisade cell was greater in Gihogochu and HanSolgochu than in OnJogochu and TaeAnJaeRae. 8. Volume of palisade cell was greater in Putgochu and BokKyeongochu than in OngJogochu and ShinHonggochu. 9. Photosynthetic rate was positively and significantly correlated with chlorophyll content, number of stomata, length, thickness, surface area of palisade cell, and volume of palisade cell.

전기충격요법후 혈중 Prolactin에 대한 Methysergide의 영향

유태열,방승규,박원명,한진희,이수정,김광수 대한신경정신의학회 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.2

Recently it has been shown in numerous experimental studies that a series of electroconvulsive therapy(ECT) affects neurohormonal function in man, though its mechanism was yet unknown. To investigate effects of methysergide on serum prolactin response after ECT, the authors studied the change of the serum levels of prolactin before ECT(the day before ECT) and after ECT, with and without methysergide pretreatment by RIA method in 11 psychiatric patients. ECT was given with the electrodes placed in the bitemporal position using a pulse current delivering device(Thymatron). The results were as follows; 1) Compared with the day before ECT, serum prolactin levels were increased significantly at 15, 30, 60 minutes after ECT(P〈0.01). 2) Compared with ECT alone, serum prolactin levels were attenuated significantly at 15,30,60 minutes after ECT with methyserigide(P〈0.05. P〈0.01). Hormonal responses of this study in terms of the knowledge availakle on the neurotransmitter control of prolactin release suggests that the responses of prolactin to ECT may be mediated by the activation of serotonergic system in central nervous system.

생리식염수 및 포도당수액 정액 투여가 에탄올 농도에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구

김원율,이상래,안지영,안성훈,류석용,김경환,김홍용 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: In emergency department, there are many drunken patients with various emergency medical situations. In these patients, evaluation and management of the medical problems are delayed from time to time because of the uncooperative nature of the patients and because of consciousness and sensory changes. A precise evaluation can only be obtained when the patients become sober. For this purpose, most clinicians start IV fluid loading. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of IV fluid(normal saline and glucose solution) on the rate of ethanol clearance in such patients Methods: Ten volunteers(healthy males in their twenties and with a Michigan alcohol screening test below 4) were enrolled in this study. Alcohol intake was restricted to at least 48 hours before the test and food intake to at least 4 hours. For the test, A predetermined dose of ethanol(1 gm/kg) was given to the volunteers. Each volunteer was tested on three consecutive times with 3 or more days interval for alcohol wash out period . On the lst day, the volunteers received ethanol only per os. On the second day, they received ethanol and a liter of IV 10% dextrose solution. Each day, blood was drawn from the antecubital vein to measure the ethanol level at the time of ethanol ingestion and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours after ingestion. The repeated measure ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The difference in the blood ethanol level between the 3 test was F=1.7, p=0.184 and the difference corrected by the time factor was F=0.32, and p=0.985. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the blood ethanol level between the tests. In conclusion, the IV normal saline or glucose solution does not accelerate ethanol clearance in suffering

디메틸설폭사이드에서의 고분자량 아크릴로니트릴 중합체 및 공중합체의 합성과 그의 섬유에로의 응용

유승운,박환만,이수,문규열 國立 昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.4 No.-

To obtain polyacrylonitrile of high molecular weight (>1,000,000) under optimum solution polymerization condition in dimethylsufoxide, which has very low chain transfer constant, using an azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator, we examined the effect of water content in reaction mixture, and the concentration of monomer and initiator on the conversion rate and polymer properties. As a result, homo PAN with Mw=1,330,000 and about 12% of conversion was prepared under the condition of[AN]=7 mole/1 and[AIBN]=6.0x10-4 mole/1 at 50℃. Copolymers with AN and other vinylic monomers such as methyl acrylate, itaconic acid, and acrylamide, having considerably high molecular weight were also prepared under similar condition. These polymer solutions after direct dilution with DMSO were suitable enough to be applied to high strength fiber formation by dry-jet-wet spinning technique. Tensile strength was improved more than twice as high as that of common acrylic fiber used as apparel.

응급의학과로 내원한 환자중 내원시 예상치 못했던 사망에 대한 고찰

김승렬,김상은,양혁준,정호성,박철완,이 근 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Patients die in the emergency department frequently ; however, there has been little about the incidence and cause of Emergency Department death in the emergency medicine literature. This study was conducted retrospectively to gain insight into the patients who die suddenly and unexpectedly in the Emergency Department(ED). A total of 360 patients were pronounced dead in the ED from 1991 through 1994 in Chung Ang Gil Hospital. Of the 360 patients, 309 (86%) were brought to the ED with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in progress or as do not resuscitation(DNR) patients, leaving 51(14%) patients who met the unexpected death criteria. Of the unexpected deaths, 32(62.7%) patients presented to the ED with either abnormal vital sign (24 of 32) or some alteration in consciousness (18 of 32), or both of them (10 of 56). Medical and surgical causes of death represented 47.1% (24 patients) and 15.6% (8 patients) of the unexpected deaths respectively. Trauma represented 19 (37.3%) of the unexpected deaths, with 14 of these being the result of motor vehicle collision. The yearly incidence of unexpected ED death is presented in numbers of deaths per 10,000 ED visits. In 1991, the incidence was 3.4, and in 1992, 1993 and 1994 those were 2.7, 2.2 and 2.1 respectively.

경추간판 탈출증에 기인된 Brown-Sequard Syndrome : 증례보고 Case report and Review of the literature

최율,김찬,이승명 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.2

It has been estimated that 2-4% of all traumatic spinal cord injuries is occured to Brown-Sequard syndrome. Degenerative spinal disease is not often cited, particularly in cervical disc herniation. A 35-yearold man presented with an 3-month history of posterior neck pain. At the 1 week prior to admission, he also noted left hemiparesis and right side numbness. Cervical MR image showed a large, left posterolateral disc herniation at C3-4, with left sided cord compression. The patient underwent an anterior cervical decompression at C3-4 with fusion. The patient’s symptoms have steadily improved(with pain relief within several days and almost recovery of both motor and sensory deficits). The Brown-Sequard syndrome can be caused by a cervical disc herniation. The MRI scan should represent the initial investigative procedure, and would be wise to consider in all cases of progressive spinal cord dysfunction.