상품 속성의 특성과 자료수집 방법이 컨조인트 모형의 효과에 미치는 영향에 관한 비교연구

서상윤;이훈영;남양호 경희대학교 산업관계연구소 2009 産硏論叢 Vol.34 No.-

컨조인트 분석에 사용되는 다양한 속성들은 이들 속성들이 갖는 특성에 따라 컨조인트 분석결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 컨조인트 분석에 활용되는 개별 속성들은 색상이나 브랜드처럼 크기와 방향이 없는 이산적인 경우와 가격 혹은 무게 등과 같이 단조적인 크기와 방향을 갖는 벡터속성인 경우가 있다. 또한 이들 속성간 관계가 상품의 원산지와 색상처럼 상호 독립적인 경우가 있으며, 상품의 용량과 가격처럼 연관되어 있는 경우도 있다. 본 연구에서는 이렇게 상품 속성의 특성이 컨조인트 모형의 예측정확도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 가를 비교연구 하였다. 연구결과, 상품의 속성들이 이산적인 속성들로 구성되어 있고 속성간에 서로 독립적인 경우, 속성이 단조적인 크기와 방향의 벡터속성과 서로 연관된 속성을 갖는 모형보다 예측정확도가 더 높게 나타났다. 또한, 트레이드 오프법과 전체프로필법을 이용한 두 자료수집 방법 간 예측정확도 비교에 있어서 상품의 속성들이 서로 독립적인 경우에는 트레이드 오프법을 이용한 자료 수집방법이 전체프로필법을 이용한 자료수집방법 보다 예측정확도 측면에서 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났고, 속성들이 서로 연관되어 있는 경우에는 두 방법간에 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. The performance of conjoint model tends to depend on the characteristics of product attributes as well as the strength of correlation among attributes. If attributes used in the analysis are highly related with each other, the thult of conjoint analysis might not be so reliable neither effective in measuring the utility. The association among the attribute levels within an attribute also negatively influences on the performance of conjoint model. The purpose of this research is to investigate into how the effectiveness of conjoint model varies depending on the relation among attributes as well as on the monotonic variies depenattribute levels within an attribute. This paper also examines which data collecting method is more angropriiee depending on the different association among attributes and attribute levels' characteristics within an attribute. This research finds that both the dependency among attributes and the monotonic variies depenattribute levels influence the accuracyepenebute. ed conjoint model. The model develonto with independent product attributes outperforms that with sibuwhat related product attributes. The better model is ebute. ed whennattribute levels are non-monotonic relirelated ds independent. Also when attributes are independent, the model mas onic vardata collected uthe m vart as well method outperforms that develonto using the data collected by the full profile method.

효과적인 하중운반체계의 동역학적 연구

서국웅,양점홍,윤양진,황영성,이중숙,김용재,유경복 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study was to get the quantitative data of effect of two different load carrying system on Kinematics and Kinetics. The subjects for the research were 2-adults. The mechanism of each load carrying pattern was measured by a motion analylizer, a forceplatform and EMG system. The conclusions were get from Kinematics variables and Kinetics variables. 1. It was not effected at the vertical reaction force(Fz) of left, right foot according to the big value the 1st peack of 10kg, 15kg fore, back-pack carrying system, 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. But it was effected at the vertical reaction force(Fz) on 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. 2. It was not effected at the Anterior-Posterior reaction force(Fx) of left, right foot according to high value of the 1st peack on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore, back-pack carrying in walking. But, it was effected on the 20 kgw, 30 kgw only back-pack carrying in walking. 3. It was effected at the left-right reaction force(Fy) of left-right foot according to the big value of the 2nd peak on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. It was more effective than 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. There was not disorder force(Fx) on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. 4. Analysis of computer graphic, on the pack carrying system in walking. It was efficient in 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. But, it was efficient on 20 kgw, 30 kgw backpack carrying in walking. Castrocnemius, Tibialis anterior, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, are stressed to bend their body foreward. So it occurred fatigue fast, injured muscles and joints. 5. Extension anyles and flection angles of the knee joint and the hip joint on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking showed less than those on 20 kgw, 30 kgw backpack carrying system in walking. It was efficient on the 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. 6. Magnitudes of EMG of Castrocnemius, Tibialis anterior, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, were increased according to increasing weight road and were decreased on the 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking.

서울시내 고등학교 위탁급식의 급식비와 투자비의 실태 및 위탁업체의 기대수준 비교 분석

양일선,배환미,김현아,신서영,조미나,박수연,차진아,이보숙 한국식생활문화학회 2002 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.17 No.5

The purposes of this study were to a) find out the operational characteristics of the contract-managed highschool foodservice in Seoul, b) investigate the expected level of meal-price and facilities investment cost perceived by contract-managed highschool foodservice managers c) compare the present level and expected level of meal-price and facilities investment cost. From October 12 to November 13 in 2001, the questionnaires were mailed to 249 high schools which was managed by contract foodservice company with respondent rate 40.2%. Data were analyzed using SPSS Win(10.0) for descriptive analysis and one group paired t-test. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The student enrollment of highschools run by contract-managed foodservice was 1,243 with 72.6% participation rate of school lunch program. The average meal-price was 2,138 won. The average annual period of school foodservice operation was 156.78 days per year. The average contracting period was about 3 years. 2. The average cost concerned in the facilities investment amounts 169,578,180 won at the initial investment and 25,204,092 won at the repairs and maintenance cost in the course of operation. 3. The present level of meal-price and facilities investment cost were respectively 2,136won/meal and 171,157,336.72 won. And expected level.of meal-price and amount of facilities investment cost were 2,418.75 won and 121,353,215.19 won. Comparing the present level with expected level of the meal-price and facilities investment cost, expected level of meal-price was significantly higher than the present level of meal-price(p<.001) and expected level of facilities investment cost was significantly lower than present level of facilities investment cost(p<.001).

교잡종 찰옥수수에 대한 연구 III : Ⅲ. 국내 옥수수 유전자원 수집종에 대한 주요 특성 분포

서정은,주현민,최윤표,홍범용,조양희,주정일,지희정,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.2

2006년 국내 각 지역으로부터 수집된 재래종옥수수 유전자원을 관행방법에 의해 파종하고 주요특성별로 분포도를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수집된 유전자원에 대한 발아율은 대부분 80∼100%이상의 분포를 보였으나, 일부 수집계통에는 30% 미만의 극히 저조한 발아율을 보였다. 2. 수집자원에 대한 초기생육을 살펴보면 극히 생육이 저조한 것이 40% 정도를 보였고, 극히 우수한 자원은 3%미만으로 나타났다. 3. 간장은 대부분이 150∼199cm범위에 55%가 분포하고 있었으나, l00cm이하가 5%, 250cm이상이 8%로 나타나 수집종간에 큰 차이를 보였다. 4. 주당 분얼수는 1개 미만이 40%의 분포를 보였으나, 일부 수집종에서 2 내지 3개의 분얼수를 보이는 계통이 확인되었다. 5. 개화소요일수는 61∼64일의 범위에서 40%, 57∼60일의 범위에서 30%의 분포를 보였으며, 특히 일부 수집종의 경우 55일 이하의 극조생종도 10% 정도의 분포를 보였다. 6. 이삭길이는 대부분 11∼15cm범위에 60%가 포함되어 있으나, 일부계통에서 5cm미만이 2%, 16∼20cm의 이삭길이도 10%가 분포하였다. Germination ratio on the 300 collected genetic resources showed 80 to 100 percentage, but those of some accessions were very low as below 30 percentage. Early growth phase of most of these lines were very poor while some collected lines were very vigor. Range of stem height showed from 150 to 199cm, but that of some accessions showed below 100cm as five percentage and some of them was over 250cm as eight percentage. Number of tillers per plant appeared less one but some collected lines have two to three tillers per plant. In days to tasseling, some accessions showed more four per plant. Ear length of these accession showed above 60 percentage as 11 to 15cm, while that of some collected lines showed over 10 percentage as 16 to 20cm.

조선대학병원에서 경험한 삼일열 말라리아의 임상적 고찰

서영선,김양수,김태균,박유환,홍순표,정춘해 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 1999 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.24 No.1

In the five years since 1993 Malaria has made a ceaseless attack on the native Koreans as an indigenously formed disease in addition to the imported one. This study was aimed at clinical symptoms and signs of Malaria which had occurred indigenously in Cheon-Nam. 18 cases were reviewed retrospectively in this study which was composed of 17 men and 1 woman. They were admitted to Chosun Hospital because of the indigenous Malaria in 1998. Fever and chill , the most frequent symptoms in early stages made a 100% occurrence followed by general myalgia(89%) and headache(83%). Physical examination of those admitted showed the splenomegaly most frequently in 61% of the patients. It took four to ten days to visit the hospital since the symptoms first occurred in the patients. Gametocytes among the Malarial life cycle were observed most commonly (91.3%) in the occurrence of the disease and the prestages of the life cycle as well. The hematologic abnormalities observed was Anemia(89%), Thrombocytopenia(61%), and Neutropenia(50%) in the order named. On the third hospital day since giving the standard Malarial drugs parasitemia decreased remarkably (1540/㎕ : Mean parasitic concentration) and 28th day of treatment no parasitemia were found. In conclusion the patients suffering from malaria in Cheon-Nam had been in an armistice area and the symptoms were so relatively mild that the responses to treatment were good and relapses occurred. But, it requires further epidemiologic survey and more concern about the indigenous Malaria.

鐵共振을 應用한 定電壓 變壓器의 特性에 대한 硏究

梁載冕,徐英洙 大田工業高等專門學校 1968 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This paper for that prevent the flicker of lamp load examine the characteristics of the constant voltage transformer applied ferro-resonance. It is investigation of the characteristics of the constant voltage transformer design the transformer bring about ±3% fluctuation of the lamp load voltage depend on power supply that is fluctuating ±14% voltage. In case a non-linear reactor and capacitor may combine series or parallel with proper ratio that almost the fluc tuition eliminate perfectly. But because this transformer is influenced by the load condition and line voltage, percentage of the line voltage drop, full current, load ratio, etc, this scheme must be correspond to this condition, therefore the cost will become expensive.

유세포 측정을 통한 CD34^(+)세포의 정량방법 비교

양형모,서영훈,엄현석,민창기,김희제,정대철,이종욱,진종율,한치화,김춘추,김학주 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1998 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.3 No.2

본 연구소에서는 현재 CD34^(+) 세포의 정량에 사용되고 있는 4가지 서로 다른 방법을 가지고 골수에 적용하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 각각의 방법들이 편리한 점과 불리한 점들을 가지고 있었지만, 통계적으로는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 1) CD34-PE/CD45-FITC 방법13(ISHAGE: International Society of Hematotherapy and Graft Engineering), 2) CD34-PE/CD14-FITC 방법, 3) CD34-PE/CD14-FITC/CD45-PerCP 방법, 4) DNA dye/CD34-PE/CD45-PerCP4(Becton Dickinson) 등을 비교하였으며 그 결과 CD34^(+) 세포의 농도는 다음과 같았다. 1) 0.473±0.345, (%Mean±SD, N=70) 2) 0.663±0.519, (N=20), 3) 0.543±0.381 (N=46), 4) 0.624±0.341, (N=32). 시료로는 여의도 성모병원 카톨릭 조혈모세포이식 센터에서 채혈한 골수를 이용하였다. Four different methods for flow cytometric quantitation of CD34+ cell were compared using bone marrow samples (n=168). Following combination of antibodies were used for the analysis : A) CD45-FITC/CD34-PE (n=70), B) CD14-FITC/CD34-PE (n=20), C) CD14-FITC /CD34-PE /CD45-PerCP(n=46), D) DNA dye/CD34-PE/CD45-PerCP (n=32). Each method showed no significant differences among them (P=0.126, ANOVA test, SPSS Version 7.5). When we compare these methods using same samples (n=12), the P value became 0.832. The mean % of CD34+ cells calculated in this experiment were A) 0.474%, B) 0.663%, C) 0.548%, D) 0.624% respectively. In our laboratory, we decided to use CD45-FITC/CD34-PE methods as a routine protocol.

비정질 Fe_(80)B_(20) 합금의 결정화

신영남,서동성,김재경,양재석 대구대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 基礎科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

연자성 재료의 하나인 비정질 Fe_(80)B_(20) 합금을 단롤법으로 제작하여 주차열분석(Differential scanning calorimeter)실험을 통해 결정화 온도를 알아보고, 비정질 시료와 결정화된 시료를 X-선회절실험 및 Mo¨ssbauer 분광실험으로 생성된 결성상의 변화를 규명 분석하였다. DSC 실험을 통해서 얻은 결정화 시작온도 426℃, Peak온도 458℃, 종료온도 476℃임을 알았으며, 700℃에서 각각 1시간 동안 열처리를 하였다. 시료를 XRD로 분석한 결과 열처리 전에는 halo상의 비정질 상태임을 확인하였고, 열처리 후의 시료는 격자상수가 5.8Å인 α-Fe상과 격자상수가 a=8.63Å. c=4.29Å인 t-Fe_(3)B상이 나타남을 확인하였다. 결정화된 시료들의 Mo¨ssbauer spectrum은 4조의 6중선으로 연산하여 초미세자기장값과 상대면적값에 의해 각 시료의 Fe/B값으로부터 426℃, 458℃, 476℃에선 FeB상으로, 700℃에선 Fe_(2)B상과 Fe_(3)B상이 혼합되어 있다고 볼 수 있다. 한편 결정화된 시료들의 Mo¨ssbauer spectrum은 subspectra L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 및 L6의 6개의 6중선으로 fitting된 초미세자기장 α-Fe값은 333~339kOe, t-Fe_(3)B값은 220~295kOe, o-Fe_(3)B값은 230~283kOe 그리고 시료중 700℃에서 결정화된 L6의 초미세자기장값이 236kOe으로서 o-Fe_(3)B상과 t-Fe_(3)B상이 혼합되어져 있다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 열처리 온도가 증가 할수록 각 시료는 α-Fe상의 존재비가 증가하였고 t-Fe_(3)B상과 o-Fe_(3)B상이 공존하였으며, 700℃에서는 t-Fe_(2)B상이 존재함을 알았다. The crystallization of Fe_(30)&B_(23) amorphous alloy, prepared by rapid quenching from melt, was studied by differential s c a e calorimetry, X-ray djffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Annealing condition was determined with the aid of DSC curves. From this measurements, this aUoy was annealed 1 hour at 426℃, 458℃ 476℃ and 700℃ in 5 × 10^(-6) torr. The lattice constants for the isochronally annealed Fe_(30)-B_(20) alloy were a-Fe(5.8A) and t-F~B(a=8.63A, c= 4.29A). The Mo¨ssbauer spectra of the Fe_(30)-B_(20) alloy consist of 6-sixlets absorption peaks. Hyperfine fields are obtained 333 - 339kOe, 2% - 295kOe, 252 - 262kOe, 220 - 225kOe, 272 - 283kOe and 230 - 236kOe. These phases are assumed to be crystalline α-Fe, t-Fe₃B, O-Fe₃B and t-Fe₂B.

태권도 선수의 인지 재구성에 의한 시합 불안 감소 연구

박영수 ( Young Soo Park ),양대승 ( Dae Seung Yang ),서진교 ( Jin Gyo Seo ) 국기원 2010 국기원태권도연구 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 김용승(1996)이 개발한 심리기술 강화 훈련 프로그램(시합불안 제어용)의 단축형을 스포츠 현장의 태권도 선수 남녀 2명에게 적용하고 그의 시합불안 제어효과를 조사하고자 하는 것으로 2개의 1인 대상연구 형태로 이루어 졌다. 개입프로그램은 합리적 정서적 치료(RET) 및 합리적 인지 재구성(CRR)을 기반으로 하여 개발된 것으로, 현장에서 심리학적 전문지식이 없어도 적용이 가능하도록 127개의 진술 항목이 개발되어 포함되어 있다. 대상은 남녀 대학 태권도 선수 2명이며 평소 시합불안 제어가 필요함을 표현하던 선수였다. 연구개입은 각각 4회기에 걸쳐 이루어졌고, 개입 전후에 SCAT 검사를 하여 특성 시합불안의 변화를 조사하였다. 개입 후에는 보충면접(Back-up Interview)을 통해 1인 대상 연구의 단점을 보완하고자 하였다. 남자 P의 경우 개입 프로그램 전후의 SCAT 점수는 15점에서 14점으로 1점의 감소를 보였으나, 보충면접을 통해 개입 프로그램이 시합 불안을 낮추는데 효과가 있었다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 피험자 L의 경우도 개입 프로그램 전의 점수가 20점이었으나 프로그램 개입 후의 점수는 12점으로 대폭 감소하여 개입 프로그램이 L의 시합 불안을 급격하게 감소시킨 것으로 나타났으며, 보충면접에서도 L은 개입 프로그램으로 시합 불안이 크게 감소하였다고 진술하였다. 따라서 이 프로그램은 태권도 선수들의 시합 시 불안을 감소시킬 뿐만 아니라 훈련 시에도 개입효과를 기대할 수 있다. This study aims to apply the simple version of Mental Technique Enhancing Training Program (for controlling game anxiety) developed by Young-Seung Kim (1996) to 2 Taekwondo players (male and female) in the sports field and to research the game anxiety control effect and was composed of 2 one-person studies. The intervention program was developed based on Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) and Cognitive, Rational Restructuring (CRR) and is composed of 127 statement items developed for this research so that it can be applied without psychological expertise in the field. The subjects were 2 college taekwondo players who needed to control game anxiety usually. The intervention was performed 4 times for each player and examined the change of game trait anxiety by SCAT test before and after the intervention. Back-up interview was conducted to compensate for the weakness of one-person study after intervention. In case of male subject P, the SCAT score decreased from 15 to 14 after the intervention but it was concluded through the back-up interview that the intervention was effective in reducing game anxiety. In case of subject L, the SCAT score sharply decreased from 20 to 12 after the intervention, showing that the intervention program reduced game anxiety drastically. The subject L also stated that the game anxiety was reduced greatly due to the intervention in the back-up interview. Thus, it was concluded that this program can not only reduce anxiety during a game for taekwondo players but also have anxiety control effect during training session.

클로즈 테스트의 타당성 진단

裵亮瑞,全榮煥 漢陽大學校 師範大學 1986 論文集 Vol.- No.4

Since its first proposal three decades ago there has been pros and cons regarding the testability of what is known as cloze test. If its validity were proved as a means of testing readability, it should be widely publicized for practical application. With this in mind, one English major sophomore class and one English major junior class at Hanyang University were chosen as subjects for the present experiment. When the narrow scoring method was applied the average score the junior class obtained was 10 percent, and that of the sophomores 5. 4percent, which corresponded respectively one sixth and one fourteenth of their actual understanding of the given texts, as scored by the conventional methods, including translation, vocabulary, and comprehension questions. It is thus safe to say that the narrow scoring method was found to be totally inapplicable for measuring the overall readability or comprehendability of a foreign language student. This scoring method may, however, be applied when a teacher want to test their students with what he or she has taught. It is suggested therefore a new scoring method, i.e., multiple choice, be adopted for a reading comprehension test in order to achieve both objectivity and economy.