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Lu Wu,Li Xia Tan,Fen Fang Gong,Yu Xia,Rui Ge Chu,Hua Sheng Yang 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.5
This study was designed to evaluate theabsorption promoting capacity of Maillard Reaction Products(MRPs) produced during the stir-frying process ofHordei Fructus Germinatus on catechin, ferulic acid,quercetin and kaempferol by the ex vivo rat everted gut sacmodel, in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion model andthe whole animal model. Moreover, verapamil, EDTA andmannitol were used for determining the transport mechanismof catechin, ferulic acid, quercetin and kaempferol. The tight junction (TJ) proteins including zonula occudens-1(ZO-1) and claudin-1 were chosen to investigate thepromoting mechanism of MRPs by quantitative real-timePCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot analyses. The resultsshowed that the MRPs produced during the stir-fryingprocess of Hordei Fructus Germinatus could improve theintestinal absorption of catechin, ferulic acid, quercetin andkaempferol. And the absorption-promoting effect of MRPswas related to chelating effect and the reduced expressionof claudin-1 and ZO-1. Our results suggested that MRPscould be promising oral absorption promoters, which mightbe another processing mechanism of Hordei FructusGerminatus.
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Rui-Juan Xu,Bin Qiao,Bing-Zhi Li,Hua Lu,Yao Chen,Ying-Jin Yuan 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.2
Cephalosporium acremonium has been widely applied in industrial cephalosporin C fermentation. However,little is known about the molecular basis of fermentation behavior of this strain. In this study, comparative lipidomic analysis using LC/ESI/MSn technology was employed to investigate responses of Cephalosporium acremonium to multiple environment variations in realistic industrial cephalosporin C fermentation process and provide molecular basis for the discrepancies between industrial and pilot fermentations. Totally 77 phospholipids species were detected and 65 species were further quantified. Score plot revealed that phospholipids metabolism differed in industrial and pilot process. Loading pilot indicated that the main variables responsible for the discrimination of industrial and pilot process were phosphatidylinositols (PIs), phosphatidylserines (PSs) and phosphatic acids (PAs). Higher PIs content in industrial process indicated that cells were more vigorous in industrial process than those in pilot process. Larger increases of PSs, PAs and ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid coincided well with the earlier and more thorough cellular morphological differentiation in industrial process. The synergetic reaction between cellular behavior and cells living environment led to titer discrepancies between industrial and pilot process. These findings provided lipidomic insights into industrial cephalosporin C production. Cephalosporium acremonium has been widely applied in industrial cephalosporin C fermentation. However,little is known about the molecular basis of fermentation behavior of this strain. In this study, comparative lipidomic analysis using LC/ESI/MSn technology was employed to investigate responses of Cephalosporium acremonium to multiple environment variations in realistic industrial cephalosporin C fermentation process and provide molecular basis for the discrepancies between industrial and pilot fermentations. Totally 77 phospholipids species were detected and 65 species were further quantified. Score plot revealed that phospholipids metabolism differed in industrial and pilot process. Loading pilot indicated that the main variables responsible for the discrimination of industrial and pilot process were phosphatidylinositols (PIs), phosphatidylserines (PSs) and phosphatic acids (PAs). Higher PIs content in industrial process indicated that cells were more vigorous in industrial process than those in pilot process. Larger increases of PSs, PAs and ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid coincided well with the earlier and more thorough cellular morphological differentiation in industrial process. The synergetic reaction between cellular behavior and cells living environment led to titer discrepancies between industrial and pilot process. These findings provided lipidomic insights into industrial cephalosporin C production.
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Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Chaetominine in a Human Leukemia Cell Line
( Jing Yun Yao ),( Rui Hua Jiao ),( Chang Qing Liu ),( Yu Peng Zhang ),( Wan Guo Yu ),( Yan Hua Lu ),( Ren Xiang Tan ) 한국응용약물학회 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.2
Chaetominine is a quinazoline alkaloid originating from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus CY018. In this study, we showed evidence that chaetominine has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on human leukemia K562 cells and investigated the pathway involved in chaetominine-induced apoptosis in detail. Chaetominine inhibited K562 cell growth, with an IC50 value of 35 nM, but showed little inhibitory effect on the growth of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The high apoptosis rates, morphological apoptotic features, and DNA fragmentation caused by chaetominine indicated that the cytotoxicity was partially caused by its pro-apoptotic effect. Under chaetominine treatment, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was upregulated (from 0.3 to 8), which was followed by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol, and stimulation of Apaf-1. Furthermore, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, which are the main executers of the apoptotic process, was observed. These results demonstrated that chaetominine induced cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Chaetominine inhibited K562 cell growth and induced apoptotic cell death through the intrinsic pathway, which suggests that chaetominine might be a promising therapeutic for leukemia.
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Ling Sun,Xue Hua Rui,Yu Wu,Lu Xi Zou 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.5
Background: Acute-on-chronic kidney disease (ACKD) increases the risk of progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a novel criteria of reference change value of the serum creatinine optimized criteria for acute kidney injury in CKD (cROCK) to detect ACKD patients. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study with a 3-year follow-up. All included patients with CKD stage 3 were evaluated using cROCK, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), and their combined criteria. The renal composite endpoints, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and all-cause mortality were recorded as clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 812 patients was enrolled. The cROCK criteria detected more ACKD events than did the KDIGO (68.0% vs. 59.5%, p < 0.001). Compared to KDIGO (−) & cROCK (−) group, ACKD patients diagnosed by cROCK had significantly higher hazard ratio [HR] for renal composite endpoints (HR, 3.591; p < 0.001), MACEs (HR, 1.748; p < 0.001), and all-cause mortality (HR, 2.985; p < 0.001). The patients in KDIGO (+) & cROCK (+) group had the lowest survival probability when considering renal composite endpoints, MACEs, and all-cause mortality (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, cROCK resulted in the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting renal composite endpoints, and the combined criteria led to the largest AUC for predicting MACEs and allcause mortality. Conclusion: Compared to the KDIGO, the cROCK detected more ACKD events. Combining both cROCK and KDIGO criteria might improve the predictive ability for long-term outcomes in ACKD patients.
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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals B cell–related molecular biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease
Xiong Liu-Lin,Xue Lu-Lu,Du Ruo-Lan,Niu Rui-Ze,Chen Li,Chen Jie,Hu Qiao,Tan Ya-Xin,Shang Hui-Fang,Liu Jia,Yu Chang-Yin,Wang Ting-Hua 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-
In recent years, biomarkers have been integrated into the diagnostic process and have become increasingly indispensable for obtaining knowledge of the neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in human blood have been reported to participate in a variety of neurodegenerative activities. Here, a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of PBMCs from 4 AD patients (2 in the early stage, 2 in the late stage) and 2 normal controls was performed to explore the differential cell subpopulations in PBMCs of AD patients. A significant decrease in B cells was detected in the blood of AD patients. Furthermore, we further examined PBMCs from 43 AD patients and 41 normal subjects by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), and combined with correlation analysis, we found that the reduction in B cells was closely correlated with the patients’ Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scores. To confirm the role of B cells in AD progression, functional experiments were performed in early-stage AD mice in which fibrous plaques were beginning to appear; the results demonstrated that B cell depletion in the early stage of AD markedly accelerated and aggravated cognitive dysfunction and augmented the Aβ burden in AD mice. Importantly, the experiments revealed 18 genes that were specifically upregulated and 7 genes that were specifically downregulated in B cells as the disease progressed, and several of these genes exhibited close correlation with AD. These findings identified possible B cell-based AD severity, which are anticipated to be conducive to the clinical identification of AD progression.
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Yi-Xin Zou,Jia Qiao,Hua-Yuan Zhu,Rui-Nan Lu,Yi Xia,Lei Cao,Wei Wu,Hui Jin,Wen-Jie Liu,Jin-Hua Liang,Jia-Zhu Wu,Li Wang,Lei Fan,Wei Xu,Jian-Yong Li 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.2
Purpose Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the most frequent type of B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders and chronic inflammation takes part in the development of CLL. However, there has been no valid immune biomarker to predict the prognosis of untreated CLL patients. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical correlations and prognostic value of albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) detected at diagnosis in 191 CLL patients. Results The cut-off value of AFR was 9.7 calculated by X-tile. Patients who were more than 65 years old were often accompanied by low level of AFR (p < 0.001). Survival analysis showed that patients with low level of AFR had shorter overall survival (OS) than patients with high level of AFR (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis illustrated that AFR had a negative impact on OS (p=0.003) and was independent of parameters involved in CLL international prognostic index and other prognostic markers such as CD38 and ZAP-70. Conclusion These data provide a comprehensive view of AFR and shows that AFR at diagnosis is an adverse prognostic factor in untreated CLL patients.
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Material Enhancement Model for Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheets Subjected to Pre-stretching
Baofeng Zheng,Gan-Ping Shu,Rui-Hua Lu,Qinglin Jiang 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.5
Austenitic stainless steel has considerable strain hardening property, which can be utilized in the design of cold-formed stainless steel structures to eff ectively reduce project costs. Pre-stretching is a simple and fundamental cold-forming process. Material enhancement model developed for pre-stretching lays a basis for characterizing material properties in more complicated cold-forming process(e.g. cold-rolling and press-braking). In this study, a series of material tensile tests were performed to develop material enhancement models for austenitic stainless steel sheets subjected to pre-stretching. Austenitic stainless steel sheets were tensioned in six diff erent levels to introduce cold working into the sheets. Material properties of the sheets in two directions (i.e. along and perpendicular to the pre-stretching direction) were obtained through coupon tensile tests. To facilitate the development of the material enhancement models, a simplifi ed three-stage material model with six independent parameters was proposed. Enhancement model for each material parameter was developed with the plastic strain experienced in the pre-stretching process as a key factor. Key material parameters and full-range stress–strain curves at diff erent levels of pre-stretching were generated based on the proposed and the available predictive models in literatures. Comparisons of the generated material parameters and the stress–strain curves with the test ones show good agreement.
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Heavy concrete shielding properties for carbon therapy
Jin-Long Wang,Jiade J Lu,Da-Jun Ding,Wen-Hua Jiang,Ya-Dong Li,Rui Qiu,Hui Zhang,Xiao-Zhong Wang,Huo-Sheng Ruan,Yan-Bing Teng,Xiao-Guang Wu,Yun Zheng,Zi-Hao Zhao,Kai-Zhong Liao,Huan-Cheng Mai,Xiao-Dong Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6
As medical facilities are usually built at urban areas, special concrete aggregates and evaluation methods are needed to optimize the design of concrete walls by balancing density, thickness, material composition, cost, and other factors. Carbon treatment rooms require a high radiation shielding requirement, as the neutron yield from carbon therapy is much higher than the neutron yield of protons. In this case study, the maximum carbon energy is 430 MeV/u and the maximum current is 0.27 nA from a hybrid particle therapy system. Hospital or facility construction should consider this requirement to design a special heavy concrete. In this work, magnetite is adopted as the major aggregate. Density is determined mainly by the major aggregate content of magnetite, and a heavy concrete test block was constructed for structural tests. The compressive strength is 35.7 MPa. The density ranges from 3.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup> to 4.14 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, and the iron mass content ranges from 53.78% to 60.38% from the 12 cored sample measurements. It was found that there is a linear relationship between density and iron content, and mixing impurities should be the major reason leading to the nonuniform element and density distribution. The effect of this nonuniformity on radiation shielding properties for a carbon treatment room is investigated by three groups of Monte Carlo simulations. Higher density dominates to reduce shielding thickness. However, a higher content of high-Z elements will weaken the shielding strength, especially at a lower dose rate threshold and vice versa. The weakened side effect of a high iron content on the shielding property is obvious at 2.5 µSv=h. Therefore, we should not blindly pursue high Z content in engineering. If the thickness is constrained to 2 m, then the density can be reduced to 3.3 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, which will save cost by reducing the magnetite composition with 50.44% iron content. If a higher density of 3.9 g/cm<sup>3</sup> with 57.65% iron content is selected for construction, then the thickness of the wall can be reduced to 174.2 cm, which will save space for equipment installation.
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Lei, Chu-Zhao,Zhang, Wei,Chen, Hong,Lu, Fan,Ge, Qing-Lan,Liu, Ruo-Yu,Dang, Rui-Hua,Yao, Yun-Yi,Yao, Li-Bo,Lu, Zi-Fan,Zhao, Zhong-liang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.4
Little is known about the origin and genetic diversity of swamp buffaloes in China. To obtain more knowledge on genetics of the water buffalo in China, the complete mitochondrial D-loop sequences of 30 samples from 6 native types were investigated. The results revealed 12 mitochondrial haplotypes with 50 polymorphic sites. Among these polymorphic sites, there were 49 transitions and 1 transversion. The average nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity estimated from mtDNA D-loop region in 6 Chinese water buffalo types were 0.00684 and 0.798, respectively, showing rather abundant mitochondrial genetic diversity. The Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of mtDNA of Chinese water buffaloes was constructed according to the 12 haplotypes. The NJ tree indicated two lineages being designated lineage A and lineage B, in which lineage A was predominant, and lineage B was at low frequency. The new lineage B was first discovered and defined in 6 Chinese water buffalo types. These results showed that two different maternal lineages were involved in the origin of domestic swamp buffaloes in China and the lineage B was probably an introgression from Southeast Asian buffaloes.
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