韓國 傳統音樂의 現代化

朴在烈,羅仁容 연세대학교 대학원 1975 延世論叢 Vol.12 No.1

1. It was not untill the end of the nineteenth century that western composers began to concerned about the eastern music. Debussy was the first to hear the sooth eastern Gamelan music at an international exposition in 1889. He noticed differences between the western and eastern music. He found himself much attracted by the eastern music. Composers of eastern countries were also conscious of the distinction of their own national music and began to studs it methodically in an effort to modernize it. 2. In serch of methods of modernizing the Korean traditional music, we have analyzed of western composers' works in the eastern style. We haute also made an analysis of the technique and method of the original creative works of eastern as well as Korean composers. We have performed several distinguished pieces that are described above, and studied the response and opinions of the performers, composers and audience. 3. In the history of the twentieth century music. the thirst new movement was the Impressionism of Debussy that arose against the romantism of nineteenth century, and then atonalism and Neo-classicism. The twentieth century, especially afther World War II, has show us a richer variety in trends of music than anti other in terms of materials and technique. The trends mar be divided as follows; atonal, music concret, electronic synthesizer and mix-media. 4. It is to be noted from this study that there are a few western composers who have been influenced by the eastern music and the eastern conception thereof. Debussy's "La mer 1905" is based on the principle of the Gamelan music which is characterized by the elaborated them and sonority that is largely an admixture of a number of melodic, rhythemic, registral and timbral variants of a single linear movement. E. Varese's concept of music as "organized sound" and of sound as "living matter" is a modern western parellel of a pervasive chinese concept. J. Cage's "4' 33" "was influenced by the Chinese concept of "Zen" which is the philosophy of silence. H. Cowell used the material of Indian music in his "Madras symphony", and that of Japanese music in his "Concerto for Koto and Orchestra, 1964". 5. Since the second world war, Japanese contemporary music was made a remarkable progress. Japanese composers have tried to create a modern style of their own by combining the traditional Japanese material with the western technique. Matsudairaa Yoritsune's "Theme and Variation for Piano and Orchestra" is a piece of modernized A-ak using the three series. Takemitsu, Toru used two Japanese traditional instruments in addition to the regular western orchestra in .his "November step". This piece attracted much attention from composers. Mayuzumi Toshiro(1929) who is a representative Japanese contemporary composer, composed the modernized A-ak "Showa-Tempyo-Raku" for the orchestra of Japanese traditional instruments. In this piece, he thought, the harmonic structure of "Shang" in similar to the tone-cluster of western terminologe. The three composers have had the same purpose in view, even if their methods are different to modernize the Eastern music. 6, Korea has a relatively short history of contemporary music, much due to the social disturbance following world war II and the Korean War (1950-1953). Since the nineteen-sixties, the composers have become more active in their composition. The proposition of this period is "the spirit of the time" and "nationalism". La, un-yung's "Symphony No. 9" is based on the style of Neo-nationalism, Neo-primitivism and pointillism. This work is composed for a few traditional Korean instruments, Chang-ko, Je-keum, Jing, and the western orchestra. The form is the Korean style of "San-jo, Jinyangjo, Joong-mori, etc. With Korean folk rhythem, using the nine special mods, this work is a much modernized Korean style music. Jae-Youl Park's "Sanjo for five instruments" is lased on the free serial technique and proportional notation. Especially the vibrato, glissando and pizzicato of the Flute, Clarinet, Violin and Cello are effective in creating the unique Korean mood. In J. Y. Park's "Fantasy in Space" the composer tried to get the image of Korea, combining the three different medias; slide, dancing and music. In the J.Y Park's "Keyong for percussions and orchestra" the composer tried to invoke the eastern atmosphere of meditation in the first movement. In the second movement, to create the atmosphere of Sanjo, the work employed the original rhythem of San-jo and serie of C. D.F #, Bb using the Korean traditional instruments of the Jango, Unla. The third movement is a variation of the Korean traditional agricultural music. In the In Yong La's "Yung Myung Song, for Kaya-keum, Dae-keum, Flute and Chamber Ensemble", Kaya-keum is changed from the original tuning. Flute is used without headjoint using the traditional notation and graphic notation. This piece indicates the passibility of a new way to compose the piece of combination of Korean traditional instruments and western instruments. In the IsangYun's "Yeak", the composer excellently presented the characteristics of A-ak in the method of accent, trill and glissando with tone cluster using the serial technique. To compose the modernized Korean style music, as describedabove, further studies are required of the method of combination of the Korean material with the contemporary western technique. For this thesis, we had; 1. The first New Music Forum 1) Date : 23 April, 1973, 6:00 P.M. 2) Place : Orchestsra Room, Yonsei University 3) Performer : Yonsei New Music Ensemble 2. The 2nd New Music Forum 1) Datse : 15 November, 1973, 7:00 p.M. 2) Place : Auditorium, Yonsei University 3) Performer : Yonsei New Music Ensemble Korean Navy Percussion Ensemble 3. The exhibition of New Music Compositions. 1) Date : 10-13 rune, 1974 2) Place : Student Hall, Yonsei University.

비소세포폐암에서 Microsatellite Instability

전효성,김정란,손지웅,박선하,박태인,김창호,김인산,정태훈,박재용 경북대학교 병원 2001 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1

연구베경:MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의해 야기되는 뮤전적 불안정성은 발암기전의 한 부류로 인정되고 있다.저자들은 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에서의 MSI의 역할을 규명하기 위해 비소세포폐암에서 MSI의 빈도 및 MSI 유무에 따른 임상상의 차이를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법:근치적 절제술을 받은 비소세포폐암 20예를 대상으로 하였다.동결된 폐암조직과 환자의 림프구에서 DNA를 추출한 후 3P와 9p의 15개의 marker들을 대상으로 PCR을 시행하고 7% polyacrylamide gel에서 전기영동한 후 silver 염색을 시행하였다. 암조직과 림프구 DNA의 PCR product의 band를 비교하여 MSI와 LOH를 판정하였다. 결과:1)대상환자들은 남자 19예,여자 1예였으며 모두 흡연자였고 평균 흠연력은 47 갑년이었다. 폐암의 조직형은 편평상피암 15예, 선암 4예,대세포암 1예였고, 술 후 병리학적 병기는 Ⅰ기 6예,Ⅱ기 5예, ⅢA기 7예,ⅢB기 2예였다. 2)20예 가운데 8예(40%)에서 MSI가 관찰되었으며 3예는 한 개의 marker에서,5예는 2개 이상의 marker에서 MSI가 관찰되었다. 3)LOH는 10예(50%)에서 있었으며,LOH유무에 따른 병가 및 흡연력의 차이가 없었다. 4)분석한 marker의 10% 이상에서 MSI가 관찰된 MSI-L종양은 5예였으며, 대부분의 marker에서 MSI양성인 MSI-H종양은 없었다.MSS종양과 MSI-L종양은 흡연력, 병기, 폐암 조직형 및 LOH 빈도의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론:비소세포폐암에서 MSI는 비교적 흔히 관찰되지만 MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의한 MMP pathway 는 비소세포폐암의 주요 발생기전은 아닐 것으로 생각된다.향 후 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에 있어서 MMP pathway의 역할을 규명하기 위해서는 보다 많은 예를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, MSI 발생기전에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: Microsatellite instability(MSI) is frequently used as an indicator of microsatellite mutator phenotype (MMP) tumors.MSI has been observed in a percentage of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However, its role in tumorigenesis of NSCLC remains unknown.The frequency and partten of MSI in NSCLC were evaluted and clinical parameters of MSI-positive tumors with those of MSS(microsatellite stable) tumors were compared. Materials and Methods: Twenty surgically resected NSCLCs were analyzed for 15 microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3p and 9p.The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients were used as the source of the normal DNA. Results:1) of 20 cases, 8(40%) demonstrated MSI. 2) Instability was observed more frequently in tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeats that in dinucleotide repeats. In all cases, instability appeared as a shift of individual allelic bands. 3) LOH was observed in 10(50%) of 20 tumors analyzed. 4) Of 20 cases, MSI-H tumor(showing MSI in the majority of markers) was absent. There were 5 MSI-L tumors( showing MSI in a greater than 10% of markers). 5) No significant difference was observed between MSI-L tumors and MSI negative tumors in terms of clinicopathologic features such as pack-year history of smoking, histologic subtype, and (delete) stage of disease.There was also no significant difference in the incidence of LOH in relation to the status of MSI. Conclusion: These data strongly suggest that MSI plays different roles in lung and colon cancer.MMP pathway appears to be far less important in the tumorigenesis of NSCLC, caused mainly by cigarette smoke, with little familial tendency.(tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2000,48:24-32)

이행성 협심증 환자에서 운동부하 심전도 검사

이정우,박형서,박용규,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이재환,최시완,정진옥,성인환 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

목적 : 관상동맥의 경련에 의한 이형성 협심증환자에 있어서 운동부하 심전도 검사의 결과는 매우 다양하다. 이에 저자들은 충남대학교병원 순환기내과에서 관상동맥조영술상 이형성 협심증으로 확진된 환자를 대상으로 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행하여 이에 대한 결과를 연구하였다. 방법 : 1995년 1월부터 2002년 3월까지 흉통을 주소로 충남대학교병원 순환기 내과에 입원하여 관상동맥조영술을 시행하여 관상동맥의 내경이 50% 미만의 협착이 있고, 에르고노빈(ergonovine) 유발검사도 이형성 협심증으로 진단을 받은 233명중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행 받은 183명의 환자를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과의 판독시 발생할 수 있는 오류를 줄이기 위해서 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행하기전 심전도상 ST분절의 상승(5예)이나 하강(8예)이 있는 경우 EH한 T파의 역위(19예)가 있는 32명의 환자를 제외한 총 151명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 운동부하는 Marquette사의 case 15 답차를 이용하였고, Bruce protocol에 따라 증상이 나타날 때까지 최대로 실시하였으며 각 stage 및 운동후의 혈압을 측정하고 12 유도 심전도를 기록하였다. 결과 : 1) 임상적 특성 - 내원시 임상 상은 안정형 협심증이 39예(25.8%), 불안정형 협심증이 103예(68.2%), 심근경색증이 9예(6.0%)이었다. 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과 양성 군과 음성군간에 있어서 당뇨병, 고혈압, 비만도, 총 혈청콜레스테롤치, 현재의 흡연 여부, 병력상 운동시 흉통의 유무, 내원시 임상적 진단, 협착의 정도, 연축의 수 등을 조사하였는 바 어떠한 인자들도 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 2) 운동부하 심전도 검사 - 운동부하 심전도 검사를 시행 받은 151명의 환자중 음성인 경우는 134예(88.8%)이었고, 양성인 경우는 17예(11.2%)이었다. 양성 소견을 보인 환자들중 ST 분절의 상승이 4예(2.6%), ST 분절의 하강이 13예(8.6%)이었다. 3) 관상동맥조영술 - 관상동맥조영술상에서 혈관 경력 위치는 우관상동맥이 70예(46.1%), 좌전하동맥이 44예(28.9%), 좌회선동맥이 17예(11.2%)의 순으로 나타났다. 운동부하 심전도 검사상 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 예중 Ⅱ, Ⅲ, aVF에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 1예는 관상 동맥조영술상 우관상동맥에서 경련이 발생하였고, V2-V4에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 2예중 관상동맥조영술상에도 좌전하행동맥에서 경련이 나타난 예는 1예이었으며 다른 1예는 좌회선동맥에서 경련이 나타났고, V5-V6에서 ST 분절의 상승이 있었던 1예는 관상동맥조영술상에도 좌회선동맥에서 경련이 나타났다. 운동부하 심전도 검사상 V5 또는 V6에서 ST 분절의 하강이 있엇던 13예중 6예(46.1%)는 관상동맥조영술상 우관상동맥에서 경련이 발생하였고, 3예(23.1%)는 좌전하행동맥에서, 1예(7.7%)는 좌회선동맥에서, 나머지 3예(23.1%)는 2개의 혈관이나 기타 분지에서 경련이 발생하였다. 결론 : 1) 이형성 협심증 환자는 운동부하 심전도 검사에서 11.2%의 양성소견을 보였다. 이중 ST 분절의 상승은 2.6%이었고, ST 분절의 하강은 8.6%이었다. 2) 이형성 환자중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 실시하여 음성을 보이는 경우 다혈관 관상동맥질환이기 보다는 이형성 협심증일 가능성이 더 높다고 예측할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 3) 이형성 협심증 환자중 운동부하 심전도 검사를 실시하여 ST 분절의 상승을 보이는 경우 다혈관 관상동맥질환이기 보다는 이형성 협심증일 가능성이 더 높다고 예측할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 4) 운동부하 심전도 검사 결과에 대한 당뇨병, 고혈압, 비만도, 총 혈청콜레스테롤치, 현재의 흡연여부, 병력상 운동시 흉통의 유무, 내원시 임상적 진단, 협착의 정도 등 어떠한 인자들도 3그룹(ST 분절의 상승, ST 분절의 하강, 음성)간에 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 5) ST 분절의 상승 부위와 관상동맥조영술상 관상동맥의 연축이 일어나는 혈관과의 상관관계는 매우 높았다. No reports in the literature describe the results of exercise testings in a large number of patients with pure variant angina(coronary stenosis <50%) in Korea. In this report, We present the results of treadmil exercise testing in 151 patients with variant angina. 151 patients with angiographically proven coronary artery spasm underwent a treadmil exercise test. The clinical characteristics of variant angina patients classified according to ST-segment response to exercise were analyzed. Of 151 patients underwent a treadmil exercise test, negative result was seen in 134 patients(88.8%) and positive result was in 17 patients(11.2%). Of 17 patients saw positive result, exercise-induced ST segment elevation was present in 4 patients(2.6%) and ST segment depression was seen in 13 patients(8.6%). There was not a significant relationship between the ST segment response to exercise and the clinical variables(diabetes, hypertension, obesity, total cholesterol, current smoking, effort angina, clinical diagnosis, and degree of stenosis) assessed. Of 4 patients with ST segment elevation in treadmil exercise test, 1 patient with ST segment elevation in Ⅰ,Ⅲ,aVF had spasm in right coronary artery(100%) on coronary angiography, of 2 patients in V2-V4 had spasm in left anterior descending coronary artery in 1 patient(50%) and 1 patient in V5-V6 had spasm in left circumflex artery(100%). Positive treadmil exercise test was present in 11.2% of variant angina patient. If we have negative treadmil exercise result in patients with clinical manifestation of unstable angina at admission, we may have a suspicion of variant angina rather than multi-vessel disease. If we have exercise-induced ST segment elevation in patients with clinical manifestation of unstable angina at admission, we have a suspicion of variant angina rather than multi-vessel disease. Our result suggests that the correlation between the site of the ST segment elevation and the artery involved is quite good.

관상동맥 질환에서 SDF-1α의 농도

김보영,박용규,박형서,노상필,정승현,이유선,이정우,이재환,최시완,정진옥,성인환 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

Atherosclerosis is now viewed as an inflammatory disease of the vascular system. Expression of several chemokines, including monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1, MCP-4, RANTES(regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted), and interleukin-8(IL-8) are increased in human atherosclerotic plaques compared with normal vessels. They are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture by activating and directing leukocytes into the atherosclerotic lesions. However, some are involved in homeostatic functions such as normal leukocyte traffic and growth regulation. SDF-la is a multi-functional cytokine that is involved in myelogenesis, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and injured gastric mucosal regeneration in the gastric ulcer patient. SDF-la is recently shown to be highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and a potent platelet agonist. At least in high concentrations, SDF-la may mediate antiinflammatory and matrix stabilizing effects in unstable angina. Many studies are going on to know the function of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases. I investigated the difference of the plasma level of SDF-la between control group and coronary artery disease group. Total 75 subjects were enrolled. The diagnosis of coronary artery disease was confirmed in all patients by coronary angiography. Control subjects in this study were confirmed normal by coronary angiography. Clinical profile and risk factors were also reviewed. Control subjects in this study were 27 (M=10, F=17). Plasma for the study was collected before the angiography and centrifuged. SDF-la analysis was performed by ELISA. Plasma level of SDF-la is significantly increased in patients with stable angina(n=20) and unstable angina group(n=28) compared with healthy control group(n=27). the risk factors do not influence the plasma level of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases. In this study, plasma level of SDF-la is increased in patients with stable angina and unstable angina groups compared with healthy control group(P<0.05). the risk factors do not influence the plasma level of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases.

In-situ fabrication of TiC-Fe₃Al cermet

Kim, Yong-In,Seok An, Gye,Lee, Wonsik,Man Jang, Jin,Park, Bong-Geun,Jung, Yeon-Gil,Choi, Sung-Churl,Ko, Se-Hyun Elsevier 2017 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.43 No.8

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Titanium carbide has high hardness, resistance to oxidation and abrasion while iron aluminide has proper ductility as well as good strength and excellent oxidation resistance up to high temperatures. Therefore, it can be expected TiC-iron aluminide cermet to have excellent mechanical properties as a cutting tool and a wear-resistance material. In this study, mechanical milling and hot press sintering processes were used to manufacture in-situ TiC-Fe<SUB>3</SUB>Al cermet, whose microstructure and mechanical properties were examined according to the changes in volume fraction of TiC and milling time. After 48h of milling each mechanically alloyed powder crystallized in a TiC and Fe<SUB>3</SUB>Al biphasic material. The milled powder was hot-pressed at 1250℃ and 50MPa for 30min to obtain sintered bodies also consisting of only TiC and Fe<SUB>3</SUB>Al phases. The hard phase, TiC, had a size of 100–300nm with overall uniform distribution decreasing as the volume fraction of TiC increased. The hardness of each sintered body showed a linearly increasing tendency according to the increase in TiC content, the hardness for 90vol% TiC cermet being as high as 1813Hv. On the other hand, the bending strength was 1800MPa and 1780MPa when TiC volume fraction was 50% and 70%, respectively, while it showed an abrupt decrease up to 580MPa at 90% TiC volume fraction. Fe<SUB>3</SUB>Al phase is effective to toughening of TiC-Fe<SUB>3</SUB>Al cermet and the volume fraction of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>Al phase significantly influences the bending strength of the cermet.</P>

言論의 自由와 Privacy의 權利

朴龍喆,崔仁和 慶北大學校 師範大學 1984 敎育硏究誌 Vol.26 No.-

It is said that the nature of human-being has the figure of Janus. Therefore a human being has a contradictory propensity in his social behaviors; that is, to pursue the unknown world out of curiosity and to take a pleasure for his secrets. In this reason, the freedom of speech and press has been a feud with the right to privacy, and this is why that we are going to investigate the various legal problems of privacy in this paper. Generally, we hope for harmornization the freedom of speech with the right to privacy. Since we like in a so-called information-oriented society, the more the technology of information develops, the more privacy diminishes. Also the rapid progress and monopoly of the mass-media bring about the result of infringing a basic human right, especially the one like the right to privacy, with in curcumstances of Yellow Journalism and Commercial Business. Keeping in mind on the present conditions of freedom of speech and press, In this thesis, I made a survey on five points; (1) The modern circumstances of mass-media and the freedom of speech and press. (2) The concept and legal characters of the right to privacy. (3) Types of privacy torts; 1. Intrusion 2. public disclosure 3 publicity 4 appropriation. (4) Legal protection and vemedies for privacy torts. In conclusion, I thought the concept of the right to privacy in modern welfare state shall be difined in a positive way, precisely the private date subjects to the right to control information about himself. And I suggested the enactment of a privacy act which contains remedies for privacy torts and validities of the right to privacy among individuals.

Mo-65.8at%Si 혼합분말의 기계적 합금화에 미치는 밀링매체 재료의 영향

박상보,변창섭,박인용,김동관,이진형 대전산업대학교 반도체기술연구소 1999 半導體技術硏究所報 Vol.1 No.-

Milling media of steel and zirconia were used to produce Mosi_2 by mechanical alloying (MA) of Mo and Si powders. The effect of milling media on Ma ofMo-65.8at%Si powder mixture has been investigated by SEM, XRD, DTA and in-situ thermal analysis. The powders mechanically alloyed by milling medium of steel for 8 hours showed the structure of the mixture of Mo and Si, and those mechanically alloyed by milling medium of zirconia for longer milling time showed the structure of fine mixture of Mo and Si. The tetragonal a-MoSi_2 phase and the tetragonal Mo_5Si_3 phase appeared with small Mo peaks in the powders milled by milling medium of steel for 4 and 8 hours. The a-MoSi_2 phase and the hexagonal B-MoSi_2 phase were formed after longer milling time. The a-MoSi_2 phase appeared with large Mo peaks in the powders milled by milling medium of zirconia for 4 hours. The phases, a-MoSi_2 and B-MoSi_2, were formed in the powders milled for longer milling time. DTA and annealing refults showed that Mo and Si were transformed into a-MoSi_2 and Mo_5Si_3, while B-MoSi_2 into a-MoSi_2. In-situ thermal analysis results demonstrated that there were a sudden temperature rise at 212 min and a gradual increase in temperature in case of milling media of steel and zirconia, respectively. The results indicate that MA can be influenced by materials of milling medium which can give either impact energy on powders or thermal energy accumulated in vial.

로자탄 대 포시노프릴의 고혈압 환자들에서 항고혈압 효과, 안전성 및 내약성의 비교

박대균,이명묵,채인호,이무용,이홍자,김효수,김철호,손대원,오병희,박영배,최윤식 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.1

흰쥐중심편도체핵에서 Neurotensin 면역양성세포의 다리옆핵으로의 투사

박인식,최정화,박봉수,백선용,김봉선,김재봉,김진정 대한해부학회 1996 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.29 No.2

성인병에 대한 한방치료법(증치의학과 사상의학)에 관한 연구 : 고혈압에 대한 한방치료법(중치의학과 사상의학)에 관한 연구

박동일,김영균,안창범,이인선,김종원,권정남,장경전,이인선,이성근,장용우,신영민 동의대학교 한의학연구소 1999 동의한의연구 Vol.3 No.-

We had a result of the treatment as below when is devided Korean medicine Tx.. Western medical Tx., Cooperative Tx.. 1) At the improvement of BP control, an average in Korean medicine Tx. (from 170㎜Hg/100㎜Hg to 150㎜Hg/90㎜Hg), an average in Western medical Tr. (from 170㎜Hg/100㎜Hg to 130㎜Hg/80㎜Hg), an average in Cooperative Tx.(from 180㎜Hg/110㎜Hg to 130㎜Hg/90㎜Hg), generally all pars had improvements of BP control. But it is not significant of each case. 2) At the improvement of symptoms by the apologetics, Cooperative Tx. is profitable in cases of 'GanHwa',' DamEum', 'EumYangYangHer', 'EumHer'. Korean medicine Tx. is superior in case of 'GiChe'. 3) At the improvement of symptoms by a questionnaire, Korean medical Tx., Western medical Tx., Cooperative Tx. groups had improvements, but each practice group didn't have specific significance. Only it was somewhat profitable to Korean medical Tx. in the 210㎜Hg/110㎜Hg, Western medical Tx. in the 180㎜Hg/110㎜Hg, Cooperative Tx, in the 170㎜Hg/90㎜ Hg. 4) There are the apparent improvements in patients whose BP are over 200㎜Hg of Korean medical Tx. group, whose BP are over 190㎜Hg of Western medical Tx. group and whose BP are over 170㎜Mg of Cooperative Tx. group. There are the improvement of diastolic BP in 110㎜Mg(Korean medical Tx., Western medical Tx.) and 90㎜Hg(Cooperative Tx.). 5) At the improvement of Pulse pressure, generally Pulse pressure are decreased. There are similar improvements in all of Korean medical Tx., Western medical Tx., and Cooperative Tx.. 6) At the Symptomatic approvement according to ages, Korean medical Tx., Cooperative Tx. are somewhat good for his twentieth, and Western medical Tx. is somewhat good for his forties. 7) the correlation of Obesity-grade and BP, as Obesity-grade is higher as BP is higher, but there are no similarity in the improvement. 8) At the EAV improvements, as examination into correlation with the point of 1~3th, we could get results as below. There are high improvements of DRHTM, DRALM, DLLYM, DLLIM in Cooperative Tx. There are high improvements of DRPASI, DLLARI in the Korean medical Tx. group. There are high improvements of DRFADM in Western medical Tx. group.