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電算化 斷層撮影像에서 周邊密度變化에 依한 管狀水密度物體의 直徑計測差에 關한 實驗的 硏究
朴仁埴,金允煥,徐源赫 고려대학교 의과대학 1987 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.24 No.1
A variety of diseases or conditions may cause a progessive change in the diameters of tubular structures in human body. Therefore an accurate measurement of cross section of these structures may make significant contribution to the diagnosis, planning of treatment and evaluation of prognosis of these diseases. According to references, size measurements of CT image are changeable by different window centers, but for effect of window widths, variable results are noted. We performed CT of tubular phantoms filled with distilled water, surrounded with variable conditions, such as air, fat, distilled water and diluted contrast media, on the same KVp, slice thickness, scan time and mAs. And we observed change of size measurements of tubular phantoms in various window centers and window widths, as the change of surrounding densities. The results are as follows. 1. When the CT number of surrounding was greater than that of the object, the size of the tubular phantom was enlarged, as increased window centers. When the CT number of surrounding was lesser than that of the object, the size of the tubular phantom was reduced, as increased window centers. 2. When the CT number of the object was isodense, or greater than that of surrounding, the size change of tubular phantom was not significant, as window width changes on the same window centers. But when the CT number of the tubular phantom was lesser than that of surrounding, the size change of the object was significant. 3. The range of error on our experimental study is -70.8 to 50.2% in outer diameter of tubular phantoms surrounded with variable conditions.
PCS 기지국용 표면실장형 후진파 3dB 커플러의 설계 및 제작
박인식,김종규,신동호 대한전자공학회 1998 電子工學會論文誌, D Vol.d35 No.6
본 논문에서는 PCS 기지국용 표면실장형 후진파 3dB 커플러의 회로설계, 제작 및 특성측정을 수행하였다. 제작된 커플러는 상용제품과 동일한 외형과 크기로 (0.56x0.35 Inches) 제작하여 1 : 1 로 대치가 가능하도록 하였으며, 동작주파수 1.75 ∼ 1.98GHz 대역에서 우수한 특성을 얻었다. 제작된 커플러의 특성은 삽입손실 0.295dB 이하, 분리도 -30.31dB 이하, 진폭균일도 0.05dB 이하, 위상균일도 0.02°이하, 입력 및 출력 임피던스 정합은 -30.08, -39.72 dB 이하의 특성을 나타냈다. In this paper, SMD type backward wave 3dB coupler for PCS basestation application was designed, fabricated and measured. We designed that it could be replaced for commercial basestation system and it was 0.56 $\times$ 0.35 inches size. The test results show that coupler is well operated within frequency range of 1.75 ~ 1.98GHz, which is defined on PCS system. The coupler reveals insertion loss 0.295dB, isolation -30.31dB, amplitude balance 0.05dB, phase balance 0.02$^{\circ}$, input and output impedance matching -30.38dB, -39.72dB, respectively.
한국산 도롱뇽(Hynobius leechii) 유생의 다리 발생 단계와 MNNG 및 retinol palmitate 처리가 다리 발생에 미치는 영향
박인식,김원선 한국통합생물학회 1993 동물학회지 Vol.36 No.1
한국산 도롱뇽(Hynobius leechii) 유생의 다리 발생 과정을 관찰하고 잠재적 돌연변이 유발물질인 제-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)과 잠재적 기형 유발물질인 retinol palmitate가 다리 발생에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 정상적인 개체에서 됫다리의 발생 단계는 외부와 내부의 형태적 특징을 기준으로 하여 7단계로 나누어 볼 수 있었으며 전연골세포의 밀집에 따른 골격형성은 다리 발생아의 근위부에서 시작하여 원위부로 진행됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 도롱뇽 유생을 MNNG(10 rpm)나 retinol palmitate(37.5 lpm)로 처리한 경우, 공통적으로 다리 원위부의 골격 형성이 억제되었으며, 특히 이러한 골격 형성 억제 현상은 처리시기가 이를수록 보다 심하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 발생을 저해하는 물질에 대한 미분화 상태의 세포들의 반응성이 발생과정 중 특정 단계에 국한됨을 시사하는 것으로 해석된다.
퇴행성 슬관절염에 대한 근위취혈과 원위취혈 침 치료의 효과 비교에 대한 임상연구
박인식,정찬영,장민기,강미숙,이승우,김은정,이승덕,김갑성 대한침구의학회 2008 대한침구의학회지 Vol.25 No.2
Objectives : To compare the efficacy of local acupoint with distal acupuncture at relieving pain and improving function in knee osteoarthritis. Designs : A randomized, single-blinded, crossover clinical trial. Settings : One outpatient clinic(department of acupuncture & moxibustion) located in academic teaching hospital, South Korea. Patients : 17 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee(mean age 62.76[SD±4.37] years). Interventions : The trial had 4 stages : baseline(2weeks), phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ(each 2weeks), washout period(2weeks). Patients were randomly assigned to either group A or group B. Group A received acupunc- ture at local acupoints during phase Ⅰ, then acupuncture at distal acupoints in phase Ⅱ. Group B received the treatments in reverse order. In each phase, the patients were treated with acupuncture for 6 times. Measurements : The primary outcome was subjective pain as measured by a 100㎜ visual analogue scale(VAS) ranging from 0(no pain) to 10(worst pain ever). Secondary outcomes were changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) total and pain scores. Measurements were obtained at baseline, 1st day of phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and 2 days after last treatment of phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Results : The 17 participants in 2 groups were well matched for age, sex, target knees, baseline VAS score, WOMAC pain score and WOMAC score. Participants in local acupoint group experienced greater improvement than distal acupoint group at 2 days after last treatment in WOMAC total score(mean di- fference, -10.65[95% CI, -20.56 to -0.74] ; P=0.036) but not in VAS(mean difference, -12.41[95% CI, -29.56 to 4.73] P=0.15) and WOMAC pain score(mean difference, -1.82[95% CI, -3.98 to 0.33] ; P=0.094). Conclusions : Local acupoints are more effective than distal acupoints at relieving pain and improving function in knee osteoarthritis.