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      • KCI등재

        우리나라 논 관개용 지하수 수질 특성

        김진호,조광래,임수정,이경자,경기천,엄미정,김희권,김찬용,이영한,이신찬,윤순강 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

        This study was carried out to evaluate the status of the groundwater quality for paddy fields irrigation in Korea. Water samples were collected at 130 sites throughout the country. Samples were collected at three seasons-April, July and October-in 2000. According to our survey, the groundwater was found to be suitable for irrigation purpose. Average EC was shown 0.286 dS/m. Nitrate-nitrogen and Cl^(-) concentration was 5.6 ㎎/L, 32.95 ㎎/L which satisfied the Korean Standards for Irrigation Water. Nitrate-nitrogen concentration in each province was shown as following orders: Jeju (11.17 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (8.16 ㎎/L) > Gyeongbuk (6.64 ㎎/L) > Gyounggi (5.91 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (4.95 ㎎/L) > Gyeongnam (3.91 mgk) > Jeonbuk (3.50 ㎎/L) > Jeonnam (3.27 ㎎/L) > Gangwon (2.91 ㎎/L). The concentration by sampling seasons were October (6.62 ㎎/L) > July (5.88 mg&) > April (4.78㎎/L). As the soil of Jeju Province is usually derived from volcanic ash soils mainly used for upland drops, it may influence the nitrate-nitrogen concentration of groundwater. The amount of rainfall also influence the water quality. But the COD_(Cr), were shown April (3.17㎎/L) > July (2.91 ㎎/L) > October (2.40 ㎎/L), it is highly related in the basal dose of organic matter fertilizers. This study demonstrated that groundwater quality was suitable for irrigation, but continuous monitoring is recommended for agricultural policy and developing OECD agricultural environment indicators.

      • Comparative Evaluation between Sulfasalazine Alone and in Combination with Herbal Medicine on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Mice

        Shin, Mi-Rae,Kim, Kyeong Jo,Kim, Soo Hyun,Kim, Su Ji,Seo, Bu-Il,An, Hyo-Jin,Roh, Seong-Soo Hindawi 2017 BioMed research international Vol.2017 No.-

        <P>The present study aimed to investigate the comparative evaluation of pharmacological efficacy between sulfasalazine alone and sulfasalazine in combination with herbal medicine on dextran sodium sulfate- (DSS-) induced UC in mice. Balb/c mice received 5% DSS in drinking water for 7 days to induce colitis. Animals were divided into five groups (<I>n</I> = 9): Group I (normal group), Group II (DSS control group), Group III (DSS + sulfasalazine (30 mg/kg)), Group IV (DSS + sulfasalazine (60 mg/kg)), and Group V (DSS + sulfasalazine (30 mg/kg) + Cinnamomi Cortex and Bupleuri Radix mixture (30 mg/kg) (SCB)). Colonic pathological changes were analyzed using hematoxyline/eosin staining. The antioxidant, inflammatory, and apoptotic protein levels were determined using western blotting. SCB supplementation, as well as sulfasalazine, suppressed colonic length and mucosal inflammatory infiltration. In addition, SCB treatment significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory signaling molecules through suppression of both mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-<I>κ</I>B) signaling pathways and prevented the apoptosis of the colon. Moreover, SCB administration significantly led to the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes including SOD and catalase. Taken together, SCB treatment might offer a better treatment for human UC than sulfasalazine alone or may be useful as an alternative therapeutic strategy against UC, without any evidence of side effects.</P>

      • SCIESCOPUS

        Anti-apoptotic effect of banhasasim-tang on chronic acid reflux esophagitis

        Shin, Mi-Rae,An, Hyo-Jin,Seo, Bu-Il,Roh, Seong-Soo Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2017 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.23 No.25

        <P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To evaluate the anti-apoptotic effect of banhasasim-tang (BHSST) on chronic acid reflux esophagitis (CARE) using a rat model.</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>A surgically-induced CARE model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats. The modeled rats were divided into a treatment group or untreated group, and given BHSST (1 g/kg body weight per day) or water, respectively, for 15 consecutive days (<I>n</I> = 7 each group). Changes in expression of proteins related to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and apoptosis were assessed by western blotting. Changes in esophageal pathology were analyzed by gross and histological examinations.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>The CARE exposure modeled rats showed increased levels of the NADPH oxidase subunit, NOX4 and p47<SUP>phox</SUP> in the esophagus. The BHSST treatment completely resolved these CARE-related increases. The CARE rats also showed markers of cytokine stress, including elevated levels of TNF-α and reactive oxygen species as well as of the consequent increase in JNK activation, and subsequent decrease in pro-survival gene expression, such as of <I>Bcl-2</I>. BHSST treatment resolved the CARE-related changes. BHSST also exerted an anti-apoptotic effect, as evidenced by altered expression of the apoptosis-related genes for bax, cytochrome c, and caspase 3. Finally, the BHSST treatment markedly ameliorated the CARE-related esophageal mucosal ulcerations.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>In the rat model of CARE, BHSST can suppress development of esophageal mucosal ulceration <I>via</I> regulation of reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis.</P>

      • Banhasasim-Tang Treatment Reduces the Severity of Esophageal Mucosal Ulcer on Chronic Acid Reflux Esophagitis in Rats

        Shin, Mi-Rae,Seo, Bu-Il,Son, Chang Gue,Roh, Seong-Soo,An, Hyo-Jin Hindawi 2017 BioMed research international Vol.2017 No.-

        <P>The present study was conducted to evaluate both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Banhasasim-tang (BHSST) on chronic acid reflux esophagitis (CRE) model. Rat CRE model was established operatively and then treated with BHSST (1 g/kg body weight per day) for 15 days Esophageal pathological changes were analyzed using macroscopic examination and hematoxylin/eosin staining. The antioxidant and inflammatory protein levels were determined using Western blotting. The administration of BHSST significantly reduced both the overexpression of serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an excessive formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in esophagus tissue. Thus, the severity of esophageal ulcer was lower in BHSST treated rats than control rats on the gross and histological evaluation. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) led to the upregulation of antioxidant enzyme including SOD, GPx-1/2, and HO-1 by binding to antioxidant response element (ARE). Moreover, BHSST administration markedly reduced the expression of inflammatory proteins through mitogen-activated protein kinase- (MAPK-) related signaling pathways and decreased significantly the protein expressions of inflammatory mediators and cytokines by inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-<I>κ</I>B) activation. Taken together, these results support the fact that BHSST administration can suppress the development of esophageal mucosal ulcer<I> via</I> regulating inflammation through the activation of the antioxidant pathway.</P>

      • Thuja orientalis reduces airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma

        SHIN, IN-SIK,SHIN, NA-RAE,JEON, CHAN-MI,KWON, OK-KYOUNG,HONG, JU-MI,KIM, HUI-SEONG,OH, SEI-RYANG,AHN, KYUNG-SEOP SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2015 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.12 No.3

        <P>Thuja orientalis (TO) may be used as a herbal remedy for the treatment of numerous inflammatory diseases. In the present study, the effects of TO were evaluated on airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)?induced allergic asthma and RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. The effects of TO on the production of proinflammatory mediators, were determined in RAW264.7 cells that had been stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, an in vivo experiment was performed on mice that were sensitized to OVA and then received an OVA airway challenge. TO was administered by daily oral gavage at a dose of 30 mg/kg, 21?23 days after the initial OVA sensitization. TO was shown to reduce nitric oxide production and reduce the relative mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)?6, cyclooxygenase?2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)?9, and tumor necrosis factor?α in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. In addition, TO markedly decreased the inflammatory cell counts in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid, reduced the levels of IL?4, IL?5, IL?13, eotaxin and immunoglobulin E, and reduced airway hyperresponsivenes, in the OVA sensitized mice. Furthermore, TO attenuated airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion, induced by the OVA challenge of the lung tissue. TO also reduced the expression of iNOS and MMP?9 in lung tissue. In conclusion, TO exerted anti?inflammatory effects in an OVA?induced allergic asthma model, and in LPS?stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that TO may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including allergic asthma.</P>

      • Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe attenuates allergic asthma induced by ovalbumin challenge

        SHIN, NA-RAE,SHIN, IN-SIK,JEON, CHAN-MI,HONG, JU-MI,KWON, OK-KYOUNG,KIM, HUI-SEONG,OH, SEI-RYANG,HAHN, KYU-WOUNG,AHN, KYUNG-SEOP SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2015 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.12 No.3

        <P>Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe (ZM) is a traditional medicine, used to treat inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of ZM on the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells and in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)?induced allergic asthma. Mice received OVA sensitization on day 0 and 14, and were challenged with OVA between days 21 and 23. ZM was administered to the mice at a dose of 30 mg/kg, 1 h prior to OVA challenge. In LPS?stimulated RAW264.7 cells, ZM significantly decreased nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)?α production in a concentration?dependent manner, and mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), TNF?α and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)?9 was reduced. In addition, treatment with ZM decreased the inflammatory cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from the mice, and reduced the expression of interleukin (IL)?4, IL?5, IL?13, eotaxin and immunoglobulin E. ZM also reduced airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA?challenged mice, and attenuated the infiltration of inflammatory cells and mucus production in the airways, with a decrease in the expression of iNOS and MMP?9 in lung tissue. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that ZM effectively inhibits inflammatory responses. Therefore, it may be that ZM has potential as a therapeutic agent for use in inflammatory diseases.</P>

      • KCI등재

        닭고기와 잘 어울리는 췌장라이페이즈 억제능을 가진 한약재의 비교평가

        신미래 ( Mi-rae Shin ),안효진 ( Hyo-jin An ),이영철 ( Young Cheol Lee ),서부일 ( Bu-il Seo ),노성수 ( Seong-soo Roh ) 대한본초학회 2017 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

        Objectives:In this study, the inhibitory activities of Korean Medicine against pancreatic lipase in vitro and biochemical analyses in vivo were measured to determine its possibility as a well-matched sauce material with chicken. Methods:The inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase enzyme of 11 samples were evaluated in vitro and then 5 samples were selected. The activity of pancreatic lipase was investigated using orlistat as a positive control. Animals were divided into eight groups (n =7). The experimental groups except for normal group were fed 60% high-fat diet for 7 days. 5 samples were orally administered at a dose of 200 ㎎/㎏ body weight and orlistat were orally administrated at a dose of 60 ㎎/㎏ body weight for 7 days. Biochemical anaylses of 5 samples were executed based on lipid parameters analysis. Results:Korean Medicines with an IC50 of below 1 ㎎/㎏ were Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus, Theae Folium Coptidis Radix, and Mori Cortex Radicis. Body weight change of Mori Cortex Radicis reduced significantly, however fecal triglyceride couldn`t regulate effectively. The most excellent inhibitory effect of pancreatic lipase showed in Scutellariae Radix treatment and also regulated significantly serum triglyceride and total cholesterol. Moreover, the supplementation of Coptidis Radix excreted meaningfully triglyceride to fece. Conclusions:In conclusion, Coptidis Radix may exert anti-obesity effect by directly inhibiting pancreatic lipase, which would prevent the absorption of lipid from the small intestine. Besides, Mori Cortex Radicis may led to the decrease of the body weight via the different pathway.

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        Anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of Canarium lyi C.D. Dai & Yakovlev in RAW 264.7 macrophages and a murine model of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury

        HONG, JU-MI,KWON, OK-KYOUNG,SHIN, IN-SIK,JEON, CHAN-MI,SHIN, NA-RAE,LEE, JOONGKU,PARK, SANG-HONG,BACH, TRAN THE,VAN HAI, DO,OH, SEI-RYANG,HAN, SANG-BAE,AHN, KYUNG-SEOP UNKNOWN 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.35 No.5

        <P>Canarium lyi C.D. Dai & Yakovlev (CL) is a member of the Anacardiaceae family: To the best of our knowledge, no studies on its anti-inflammatory effects have yet been reported. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of CL on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice. CL attenuated the production of LPS-stimulated inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Furthermore, CL suppressed phosphorylation of the inhibitor kappa B-alpha (I kappa B-alpha), p38, c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), as well as the translocation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) p65 subunit into the nucleus. For the in vivo efficacy, the effect of CL on a mouse model of LPS-induced acute lung injury was assessed. CL treatment of the mice significantly inhibited the inflammatory cell recruitment and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). CL-treated mice also showed a marked inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and phosphorylation of I kappa B and p65. In addition, CL attenuated lung histopathological changes in LPS-induced ALT mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that CL is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including pneumonia.</P>

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