Chlorhexidine과 fluoride 성분의 varnish가 타액 내 mutans streptococci 수에 미치는 효과

서정아,김재곤,백병주,양연미,이용희,김상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 chlorhexidine(Cervitec)과 fluoride(Fluor-protector) 성분을 각각 포함한 varnish를 치아에 적용하였을 때 타액내의 mutans streptococci의 수의 감소에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 전북대학교 치과대학생 40명을 대상으로 하여 mutans streptococci 균종 수를 평가하였으며, 이들을 무작위로 네 군으로 나누어 다음과 같이 varnish를 적용하였다; A) varnish를 적용하지 않은 군(n=10), B) chlorhexidine varnish 적용군(n=10), C) fluoride varnish 적용군(n=10), D) chlorhexidine과 fluoride varnish를 모두 적용한 군(n=10), Mutans streptococci 수 측정에는 Orion diagnostica 사의 Dentocult SM을 사용하였다. Varnish를 적용하지 않은 상태에서 1차로 Mutans streptococci 수를 측정한 후 각각의 varnish를 적용하였으며, varnish 적용 12주 후 다시 측정하여 기록하였다. 모든 실험군(group B, C, D)에서 12주 후에 측정한 Mutans streptococci 수가 감소한 개체가 증가한 개체보다 많았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 실험에 사용된 어떠한 varnish도 적용 12주 후에 타액 내 mutans streptococci 수에 통계적으로 유의할 만한 변화를 주지는 못하는 것으로 나타났다(p>0.05). The objective of the present prospective trial was to compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine(Cervitec), Fluoride(Fluorprotector) and combination of chlorhexdine and fluoride varnishes in decreasing the level of salivary mutans streptococci. Forty healthy students of school of dentistry, Chonbuk national university were investigated to evaluate mutans streptococci(MS) counts and randomized into four groups to treat with the experimental varnishes: A) untreated group(n=10), B) chlorhexidine group(n=10), C) fluoride group(n=10), D) chlorhexidine and fluoride group(n=10). Dentocult SM^(�)(Orion Diagnostica) strip method was used for measurement of the level of mutans streptococci in saliva. Stimulated saliva were collected at baseline for mutans streptococci counts evaluation(ms1), 12 weeks later the completion of each varnish treatment, mutans streptococci counts were re-evaluated. In varnish group with chlorhexidine, fluoride and combination of chlorhexidine and fluoride, the level of mutans streptococci was lower after 12 weeks than at baseline, but there were no significant differences in saliva(p>0.05), when compared with baseline. After 12 weeks, a remarkable reduction was still found in the subjects with high level of mutans streptococci at baseline, but not different in the low and moderate level of mutans streptococci(p>0.05).

중량물 들고 보행시 잡기유형의 차이에 대한 운동학적 분석

서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,정미라,이창민,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic changes of the body according to various weight loads and the holding during carrying object. The experiments were conducted with utilizing image, analyses for five male and five female adults as subjects. The results were as followed. 1. Meaningful differences were shown partially in the angle changes of the subject's wrist joints, elbow joints and coxal articulations, but not in the angle changes of the subject's knee joints, according to the types of holding the objects while subjects carrying 5kg objects. So, carrying a light object of 5kg in workplaces or gyms doesn't have much influence on human joints and muscles. 2. Meaningful differences of angle changes were shown between right holding and vertical holding while subjects carrying 10kg objects. Female subjects had difficulties to hold the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints, carrying 10kg objects, because the first loads were imposed on their wrists and female has weaker muscles than male. In right holding of 10kg objects, female subjects had backward body centers from their bodies, the angle of their coxal articulation became bigger and they had unstable behaviors. 3. Female subjects had wider angle of their wrist joints and elbow joints while carrying 15kg objects than male subjects. But male subjects had bigger angle of coxal articulation than female subjects. Because female has weaker muscles, female subjects couldn't maintain the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints. 4. The 20kg objects influenced the angles of the wrist joints, the elbow joints and the coaxal articulations of both sex subjects in any type of holding during their carrying 20 kg objects, but didn't influence their knee joints. 5. in carrying 25kg objects, female subjects had wider angles of their wrist joints, elbow joints and knee joints in each holding type than male subjects and the significant difference were shown according to the holding type. But in the case of coxal articulation, male subjects had the bigger angles and meaningful differences. This comes from the weakness of female's muscle. N\Male subject's upper bodies were drawn back and the objects influenced their wrists more than their arms.

자연정화공법에 의한 소형 하수처리장치 개발을 위한 최적 깊이 및 호기ㆍ협기 비율

서동철,박미령,곽내운,황하나,이홍재,조주식,허종수 한국환경농학회 2006 한국환경농학회지 Vol.25 No.1

연령증가에 따른 혈압요소들의 좌심실비대 및 관동맥질환과의 관련성

박재석,박창규,박미영,박재형,김용현,나진오,신성희,서순용,홍순준,박성미,임홍의,김응주,서홍석,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

혈액에서 분리된 Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin 내성 Enterobacter cloacae에서 Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance 유전자의 분포 및 Fluoroquinolone 감수성 양상

김연재,서미란,김지은,최은화,이환종,배현주 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.5

Background : Extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs)-resistant Enterobacter cloacae is one of the pathogens of nosocomial infection the incidence of which is on the rise. Moreover, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQR genes) that reduce quinolone sensitivity have been shown to be widely distributed among clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. This study was carried out to observe the distribution of PMQR genes in clinical isolates of E. cloacae resistant to ESCs. Materials and Methods : Fourty-three ESCs-resistant E. cloacae strains from the blood collected during the span of 7 years, from 1994 to 2001, at Seoul National University Children’s Hospital (SNUCH) were included in this study. Isoelectric focusing and enzyme specific PCR were performed to characterize β-lactamase. The presence of qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, qepA, and aac(6’)-Ib-cr was determined by PCR, restriction enzyme analyses of PCR products, and DNA sequencing. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of several quinolones was measured by agar dilution method. Results : The PMQR genes were detected in 9 (21%) of 43 ESCs-resistant E. cloacae isolates. Among them, five isolates were positive for qnrB2, and each two isolates harbored qnrB4 or qnrB5, respectively. qnrA, qnrC, qnrS or qepA was not identified. aac(6’)-Ib was detected in 27 isolates, but aac(6’)-Ib-cr was not found. Among the 9 qnrB-positive isolates, 5 produced SHV-12, 3 were derepressed mutants, and 1 produced pI 7.5 β-lactamase. MIC ranges and percent resistances of nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin for the PMQR genes-positive isolates were higher than PMQR genes-negative isolates. Conclusions : In this study, ESCs-resistant E. cloacae showed a high prevalence of PMQR genes, and qnrB was the only PMQR gene identified.

유자액을 이용한 소스의 이화학적 특성 및 저장성

유경미,서우영,서한석,김완수,박재복,황인경 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

The purposes of this study were to investigate the physicochemical characteristics and storage stabilities of various sauces with added Yuza(Citrus Junos). Yuza consisted of three parts: peeled (46.17%), fleshed (43.74%) and seeded (10.09%). Yuza juice revealed 11.33% extraction yield, pH 2.85, 4.18% total acidity, 11° Brix, 1.16% transmittance and 2.63° Brix/acid ratio. Five kinds of sauces with added Yuza juice were Yuza red pepper paste sauce, Yuza soybean sauce for meat, Shahu shabu Yuza sauce, Korean Yuza vegetable sauce and Japanese Yuza soybean sauce. These sauces showed slight changes in pH, total acidity, total bacterial counts and overall sensory characteristics during storage period (60 days). In conclusion, Yuza juice could be applied to various sauces, which remained usable for 60 days.

아실옥시-9-보라비시클로〔3.3.1〕노난을 통한 트리스디에틸 아미노수소화알루미늄 리튬에 의한 카르복시산의 알데히드로의 전환

이재철,서정법,김종미,차진순 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1988 基礎科學硏究 Vol.8 No.-

Carboxylic acids are readily reduced to the corresponing aldehydes in high yields by treatment of acyloxy-9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes (1) with lithium tris(diethylamino)aluminum hydride (LTDEA) in the presence of pyridine at 0℃. However, in the absence of pyridine, the yields of aldehydes are low. The role of pyridine in this reduction is discussed.

연마방법에 따른 탄성의치의 표면거칠기와 Candida albicans의 부착율 변화

오주원,서재민,안승근,박주미,강철균,송광엽 대한치과보철학회 2012 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.50 No.2

연구 목적: 본 연구는 탄성의치 제작 시 주로 사용되는 polyamide를 수종의 연마방법을 사용하여 처리 후 Candida albicans의 부착정도와 표면거칠기를 비교하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 25×15×2 mm 크기의 polyamide 시편을 4군으로 나누어 연마재를 사용하여 기공용 lathe 연마하는 방법(기공실내 연마방법)과 각기 다른 2종의 실리콘 포인트로 진료실내 연마하는 방법, 그리고 실리콘포인트 연마 후 pumice로 연마하는 방법으로 처리하였다. C. albicans의 부착성을 평가하기 위해 5×106 CFU/ml의 C. albicans 현탁액에 시편을 2시간 동안 침적하였고 5회 수세처리 후 한천배지에서 배양하였다. 그리고 주사전자 현미경(JSM-5900, JEOL LTd., Tokyo, Japan) 촬영을 시행하였다. Profilometer (Surf-pak; Kawasaki, Japan)를 이용하여 표면거칠기를 측정하였고 통계처리를 위하여 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 일원변량분석으로 비교 분석하였고 사후검증은 C. albicans의 부착성 검증을 위해 Scheffe test를 시행하였으며 표면조도검증을 위해 Tamhane’s T2 test를 시행하였다(α=.01). 결과: 최대 거칠기 값을 보인 군은 2단계의 연마용 버를 사용한 것으로 0.32 ㎛±0.10 값을 나타냈으며, 가장 낮은 거칠기 값을 보인 것은 tungsten carbide를 사용하지 않고 기공용 lathe로만 연마를 한 군으로 0.02 ㎛±0.00의 거칠기 값을 나타냈다. C. albicans 부착 실험에서는 기공용 lathe만을 이용한 연마방법이 가장 적은 부착수를 보였으며 다른 세 군과 유의한 차이가 발견되었다(P<.01). 결론: 표면거칠기 및 미생물 부착능 실험 결과 기공실 연마만을 시행한 경우 유의하게 낮은 거칠기 값과 부착율을 보였다. Pumice로 추가 연마한 군은 진료실연마를 시행한 군에 비해 낮은 거칠기 값을 보였으나 C. albicans 부착에 있어서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>.01). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 3 chairside polishing methods and laboratory polishing methods on surface roughness and C. albicans adhesion of polyamide denture base. Materials and methods: Using contact profilometer, the surface of polyamide specimens (25×15×2 mm) was studied after conventional polishing without finishing and after chiarside polishing with 2 chiarside polishing kits and chairside-pumice polishing following finishing with tungsten carbide bur. To evaluate the adhesion of C. albicans, C. albicans suspension was overlayed on the test specimen. And the specimens were incubated for 2 hours. Imprint culture method was achieved and counted the colony on the agar plate. Polished polyamide were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. The statistics were conducted using one-way ANOVA and in case of difference, Scheffe test and Tamhane’s T2 test were used. Results: Surface roughness (Ra) of surfaces polished with 2 chairside polishing kits had higher than conventional polishing and pumice polishing. The highest roughness value was 0.32 ± 0.10 ㎛, and the lowest was 0.02 ± 0.00 ㎛. The adhesion of C. albicans on the specimens polished with chairside polishing group and pumice polishing group were increased than conventional polishing group (P<.01). Conclusion: Conventional laboratory polishing was found to produce the smoothest surface and the lowest adhesion of C. albicans. Two groups polished with Chairside polishing kits were similar with respect to surface roughness. Surface of the specimen polished with pumice is significantly smoother than 2 chairside polishing groups, but the result of C. albicans adhesion is that group polished with pumice was similar with 2 chairside polishing groups (P>.01).

테니스 라켓 스트링 장력의 차이에 따른 근전도 분석

이훈식,서국웅,윤양진,정미라,김용재,서국은,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to select 7 male athletes and female athletes of high school, and to compare their active potential differences of upper arm muscles according to characteristic of a racket. the results obtained are as follows: 1. In the accumulative distribution rate of racket string tension, 65Ibs is higher in all muscle active potentials except male flexor carpi radialis muscle than 55Ibs or 60Ibs, and this result shows that 65Ibs gives lower efficiency to athletes. 2. In the muscle load rate of racket string tension, 55Ibs shows the lowest active muscle potential and is thought to be better in its efficiency, but 66Ibs shows a little high active potential and is thought not to be good in its efficiency.

Horseshoe Appliance를 이용한 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 교정적 접근

한지혜,김재곤,,백병주,양연미,서정아 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

성장기 아동의 Ⅲ급 부정교합의 치료에는 많은 악기능 정형장치가 사용되어 왔으며 다양한 형태로 변화하여 발전되어 왔다. Horseshoe appliance는 Schwarz에 의해 소개된 장치로서 elastic의 견인력으로 장치의 free sliding 효과를 통해, 하악와와 과두의 관계를 재정립시켜, 악골 주위의 연조직이나 muscle matrix와 조화되는 새로운 위치에 하악골을 repositioning시켜 악골관계를 개선시킬 수 있다. 또한 하악의 후하방 회전 효과를 극소화시켜 전안면고경의 증가를 방지할 수 있고, 구외 장치에 비해 환자의 협조도가 좋다. 저자들은 전치부 반대교합을 주소로 전북대학교 치과병원 소아치과에 내원한 Ⅲ급 부정교합 환자에게 Horseshoe appliance를 사용한 결과 하악골에 대한 상대적인 상악골의 전방 성장과 교합평면의 반시계방향 회전, 상악 전치의 순측 경사와 하악 전치의 설측 경사로. 3개월 내에 전치부 반대교합이 해소되는 효과를 얻었다. The Horseshoe appliance was introduced by Dr. Schwarz, and it is used to correct sagittal relationships by elastic force in class Ⅲmalocclusion.It minimizes the increment of lower anterior facial height and allows the mandible to be repositioned harmoniously with the soft tissue and muscle matrix of the jaw. It has the advantages of better patient cooperation, easier construction, and more effective modification. In the patients who were treated with Horseshoe appliance, forward growth of maxilla and counterclockwise rotation of occlusal plane with labioversion of maxillary incisors and linguoversion of mandibular incisors were obtained Minimum downward and backward rotation of mandible was accepted, so increasing of lower anterior facial height was minimized.