Intelligent Water and Nutrient Supply for Tomato Plant in Greenhouse

Mingle Xu,Alvaro Fuentes,Jongbin Park,Sook Yoon,Dong Sun Park 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 각 지부별 자료집 Vol.2021 No.12

One of the challenges in the agricultural field is the method to supply nutrition and water. Excessive water and nutrition result in waste, high cost, and harm to our environment. The deficiency of them degrades the quality and yield of the plant and reduces the income of farmers. Currently, the water and nutrition supply is fixed in the greenhouse, instead of intelligent as the plant environment is not taken into consideration. In this paper, we aim to learn the relationship between the plant environment and the water nutrition supply curve deployed in current farms, which can be utilized to reduce drainage in the future. To achieve the goal, we leverage a long short-term memory network given time-series data from multimodal sensors. The experimental results show that the goal is achieved by our method

Overexpression of a Camellia sinensis DREB transcription factor gene (CsDREB) increases salt and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

Mingle Wang,Jing Zhuang,Zhongwei Zou,Qinghui Li,Huahong Xin,Xinghui Li 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.5

Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein(DREB) transcription factors play key roles in plant stresssignal transduction pathways. We herein describe the functionsof a Camellia sinensis DREB transcription factor (CsDREB)in response to abiotic stress. Subcellular localization analysesindicated that the CsDREB localizes to the nucleus. CsDREBexpression in C. sinensis leaves was induced by heat, cold,drought, high salinity, H2O2, and exogenous abscisic acid(ABA). Additionally, CsDREB showed no transcriptionalactivation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Transgenic Arabidopsisthaliana plants overexpressing CsDREB exhibited enhancedtolerance to salt and drought stresses. The overexpression ofCsDREB in A. thaliana plants resulted in the up-regulatedexpression of ABA-dependent stress-induced genes (i.e.,AtRD29B, AtRAB18, AtABI1, and AtABI2) and ABAindependentstress-induced genes (i.e., AtCOR15a andAtRD29A). Furthermore, an analysis of the CsDREB promotersequence revealed the presence of several abiotic and bioticstress-related motifs, along with the developmental stageandtissue-specific elements. An examination of thetransient expression of the CsDREB promoter in Nicotianabenthamiana leaves revealed that the promoter is highlyresponsive to ABA and methyl jasmonate. Collectively, theseresults suggest that CsDREB may increase plant tolerance tosalt and drought stresses via both ABA-dependent and ABAindependentpathways.

Unsupervised Transfer Learning for Plant Anomaly Recognition

Mingle Xu,윤숙,박동선,이재수 (사)한국스마트미디어학회 2022 스마트미디어저널 Vol.11 No.4

Disease threatens plant growth and recognizing the type of disease is essential to making a remedy. In recent years, deep learning has witnessed a significant improvement for this task, however, a large volume of labeled images is one of the requirements to get decent performance. But annotated images are difficult and expensive to obtain in the agricultural field. Therefore, designing an efficient and effective strategy is one of the challenges in this area with few labeled data. Transfer learning, assuming taking knowledge from a source domain to a target domain, is borrowed to address this issue and observed comparable results. However, current transfer learning strategies can be regarded as a supervised method as it hypothesizes that there are many labeled images in a source domain. In contrast, unsupervised transfer learning, using only images in a source domain, gives more convenience as collecting images is much easier than annotating. In this paper, we leverage unsupervised transfer learning to perform plant disease recognition, by which we achieve a better performance than supervised transfer learning in many cases. Besides, a vision transformer with a bigger model capacity than convolution is utilized to have a better-pretrained feature space. With the vision transformer-based unsupervised transfer learning, we achieve better results than current works in two datasets. Especially, we obtain 97.3% accuracy with only 30 training images for each class in the Plant Village dataset. We hope that our work can encourage the community to pay attention to vision transformer-based unsupervised transfer learning in the agricultural field when with few labeled images.

Predicting Desired Fertigation for Rose Using Internet of Things Sensors and Time-Series Model

Mingle Xu,Sook Yoon,Jongbin Park,Jeonghyun Baek,Dong Sun Park (사)한국스마트미디어학회 2024 스마트미디어저널 Vol.13 No.2

Greenhouse provides opportunities to have big yield effectively and efficiently. However, many resources are required, such as fertigation, a kind of solution of nutrient. Resources supply is essential to cultivate crops. Inadequate supply will hinder plant growth whereas the surplus results in waste. In this paper, we are especially interested in the fertigation supply. Further, excess fertigation leads to drainage which is difficult to purify and threatens the environment. To address this challenge, we aim to predict the desired amount of fertigation. To achieve this objective, we first establish a prototype to record the climate conditions inside a rose greenhouse using Internet of Things sensors. Simultaneously, the desired fertigation amount is obtained with the help of weight scale and historical data of fertigation supply and drainage. Second, a method is proposed to predict the desired fertigation by taking the sensors’ data as input, with a time-series model. Extensive experimental results suggest the potential of our objective and method. To be specific, our method achieves an average MAE 0.032 in the validation datasets.

Fabrication of porous polymer microparticles with tunable pore size and density through the combination of phase separation and emulsion-solvent evaporation approach

Liu, Shanqin,Cai, Mingle,Deng, Renhua,Wang, Jianying,Liang, Ruijing,Zhu, Jintao 한국유변학회 2014 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.26 No.1

A facile and versatile route to prepare porous polymer microparticles with tunable pore size and density through the combination of phase separation and emulsion-solvent evaporation method is demonstrated. When volatile organic solvent (e.g., chloroform) diffuses through the aqueous phase containing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and evaporates, n-hexadecane (HD) and polystyrene (PS) in oil-in-water emulsion droplets occur to phase separate due to the incompatibility between PS and HD, ultimately yielding microparticles with porous structures. Interestingly, density of the pores (pore number) on the shell of microparticles can be tailored from one to hundreds by simply varying the HD concentration and/or the rate of solvent evaporation. Moreover, this versatile approach for preparing porous microparticles with tunable pore size and density can be applied to other types of hydrophobic polymers, organic solvents, and alkanes, which will find potential applications in the fields of pharmaceutical, catalyst carrier, separation, and diagnostics.

Facile synthesis of flower-like α-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 architectures with self-assembled core-shell nanorods for superior TEA detection

Ma Qian,Li Hui,Liu Yu,Liu Mingle,Fu Xinghua,Chu Shushu,Li Hang,Guo Jia 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.21 No.-

Uniform flower-like α-Fe2O3 architectures with self-assembled core-shell nanorods are constructed and successfully prepared via the facile process. The concentration of Fe salt plays a great significance for morphological evolution from nanorods to self-assembled microflowers. Flower-like α-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 consisting of α-Fe2O3 core and ZnFe2O4 shell nanorods are derived from FeOOH/ZIF-8 precursors. The detailed studies reveal that the tunable growth of ZIF-8 nanoparticles on three-dimensional FeOOH microflowers at room temperature and the availble calcination regulation are responsible for the formation of core-shell Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 composites. The highest response value of flower-like α-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 architectures to 100 ppm triethylamine (TEA) has been improved to 141 at 280 ◦C, which is calculated to be 6.2 times compared with flower-like α-Fe2O3 architectures (22.7). The enhanced gas-sensing mechanism of α-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 composites can be attributed to the typical microflowers structures, the large specific surface area, the effective heterojunctions between α-Fe2O3 core and ZnFe2O4 shell, and the improved electron transfer process.

Production of a Thermostable Metal-tolerant Laccase from Trametes versicolor and its Application in Dye Decolorization

Zhu Youshuang,Zhang Haibo,Cao Mingle,Wei Zhenzhen,Huang Feng,Gao Peiji 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.5

Production of laccase using a submerged culture of Trametes versicolor sdu-4 was optimized using a central composite design of the Response Surface Methodology. Optimized conditions gave a laccase yield of 4,213 U/L which was approximately three times of that in basal medium. The laccase was purified to homogeneity using a three-step process. The overall yield of the purification was 58%, with a purification fold of 11.4 and a specific activity of 1320.7 U/mg protein. The molecular mass of the laccase was 60 kDa. The optimum pH values of the enzyme were 2.2, 3.7, and 7 for the oxidations of ABTS, DMP, and syringaldazine, respectively. The enzyme had adaptability to a broad pH range and high temperature and wsa stable at pH 3.0 ~ 10.0. The half-life of this laccase at 70°C was 2.2 h. Methyl red, 2-bromophenol, and 4-bromophenol were oxidized by the purified laccase in the absence of mediators. Purified laccase was effective in the decolorization of several dyes and was not inhibited by Cu^(2+), Mn^(2+), Zn^(2+), Na^+, K^+, Mg^(2+), Ba^(2+), and Ca^(2+) at 5 mM. These excellent characteristics made it a highly attractive candidate for industrial use.

Critical Factors of Reacquainting Consumer Trust in E-Commerce

FAN, Mingyue,AMMAH, Victoria,DAKHAN, Sarfraz Ahmed,LIU, Ran,MINGLE, Moses NiiAkwei,PU, Zhengjia Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.3

Knowing how to build and maintain consumer trust is crucial for e-commerce. Despite the number of empirical studies that have explored the factors that influence consumer trust, none of them considers the relative importance of different antecedents and how they interact to influence consumer trust. Therefore, based on the integrated Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approaches, we establish a hierarchical structural model, which not only demonstrates the intensity of the relationships but also identifies the interdependence among the drivers of consumer trust in E-commerce. The findings confirm that propensity to trust is the most important determinant of consumer trust. The brand-related factors and platform-related factors are prominent in the process of building trust as they influence consumer trust indirectly through propensity to trust. Geographic location, demographic variables, and high security are identified as the root causes that affect consumer trust through other trust antecedents. Furthermore, the findings of this study offer valuable insights into an important element of e-commerce and provide a useful platform for future research. More represented samples and factors are encouraged for further research to ensure research fairness and minimize consumer distrust and uncertainty.

Alternative Biological Material for Tissue Engineering of the Vagina: Porcine-Derived Acellular Vaginal Matrix

Tian Yanpeng,Liu Yibin,Xiao Yanlai,Li Zhongkang,Zhang Mingle,Chen Liang,Li Zhen,Zhang Wangchao,Zhang Zhiqiang,Kong Desheng,Meng Li,Du Yanfang,Zhang Jingkun,Gao Jingui,Huang Xianghua 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2024 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.21 No.2

Background: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a severe congenital disorder characterized by vaginal hypoplasia caused by dysplasia of the Müllerian duct. Patients with MRKH syndrome often require nonsurgical or surgical treatment to achieve satisfactory vaginal length and sexual outcomes. The extracellular matrix has been successfully used for vaginal reconstruction. Methods: In this study, we developed a new biological material derived from porcine vagina (acellular vaginal matrix, AVM) to reconstruct the vagina in Bama miniature pigs. The histological characteristics and efficacy of acellularization of AVM were evaluated, and AVM was subsequently transplanted into Bama miniature pigs to reconstruct the vaginas. Results: Macroscopic analysis showed that the neovaginas functioned well in all Bama miniature pigs with AVM implants. Histological analysis and electrophysiological evidence indicated that morphological and functional recovery was restored in normal vaginal tissues. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the neovaginas had mucosal folds characteristics of normal vagina. No significant differences were observed in the expression of CK14, HSP47, and α-actin between the neovaginas and normal vaginal tissues. However, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) was significantly lower in the neovaginas than in normal vaginal tissues. In addition, AVM promoted the expression of β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1. These results suggest that AVM might promotes vaginal regeneration by activating the β-catenin/c-Myc/cyclin D1 pathway. Conclusion: This study reveals that porcine-derived AVM has potential application for vaginal regeneration. Background: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a severe congenital disorder characterized by vaginal hypoplasia caused by dysplasia of the Müllerian duct. Patients with MRKH syndrome often require nonsurgical or surgical treatment to achieve satisfactory vaginal length and sexual outcomes. The extracellular matrix has been successfully used for vaginal reconstruction. Methods: In this study, we developed a new biological material derived from porcine vagina (acellular vaginal matrix, AVM) to reconstruct the vagina in Bama miniature pigs. The histological characteristics and efficacy of acellularization of AVM were evaluated, and AVM was subsequently transplanted into Bama miniature pigs to reconstruct the vaginas. Results: Macroscopic analysis showed that the neovaginas functioned well in all Bama miniature pigs with AVM implants. Histological analysis and electrophysiological evidence indicated that morphological and functional recovery was restored in normal vaginal tissues. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the neovaginas had mucosal folds characteristics of normal vagina. No significant differences were observed in the expression of CK14, HSP47, and α-actin between the neovaginas and normal vaginal tissues. However, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) was significantly lower in the neovaginas than in normal vaginal tissues. In addition, AVM promoted the expression of β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1. These results suggest that AVM might promotes vaginal regeneration by activating the β-catenin/c-Myc/cyclin D1 pathway. Conclusion: This study reveals that porcine-derived AVM has potential application for vaginal regeneration.

대중화, 정치화 및 허구

張明亮(ZHANG Mingling) 중국근현대사학회 2013 중국근현대사연구 Vol.60 No.-

This article aims to study the filmmakers’ interpreting the brief stay of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Penang in 1910, its differences from that of researchers, and the causes for the differences. The movie Road to Dawn, commonly known Ye Ming 夜明in Chinese, which has been the unique one about Dr. Sun’s brief stay in Penang, has been based on parts of the related academic works which are less popular than this film for the ordinary people. Due to the legendary connections of Dr. Sun’s activities in Penang to the 1911 Chinese Revolution 辛亥革命, the importance and popularity of this film has been enhanced. Few scholars have examined this movie, which has been preoccupied with fictional stories, while many great specialists have discussed Dr. Sun’s stay in Penang. The difference in interpreting Dr. Sun’s stay in Penang between filmmakers and scholars, which are obvious, and the causes for those differences have never been discussed. There will be 6 parts in this article. Firstly, I would like to scrutinize the process of filmmaking, which lasted 4 years, from the birth of the idea for the film making to the first screening of the film. Secondly, the plot of the movie will be briefly introduced. Thirdly, the article will generally examine what the researchers have done for the trips of Dr. Sun to Penang, one of which those moviemakers have been interested in interpreting. Furthermore, utilizing two case studies respectively concerning the romantic experience of Dr. Sun and his safety in Penang, I would precisely discuss the difference in describing Dr. Sun’s stay in Penang by the filmmakers from that by the researchers. Before the conclusion, the causes for the differences will be approached. The political and economic motives from the filmmakers and their supporters, which are different from the academic perspective, should be responsible for their intentionally misinterpreting. Finally, it will be concluded that it is necessary to make the documentary regarding Dr. Sun’s activities in Nanyang with the cooperation between filmmakers and researchers.