Slide Session : OS-IFD-07 ; Infectious Disease : In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus

( Myung Jin Lee ),( Kye Hyung Kim ),( Jong Youn Yi ),( Su Jin Choi ),( Chung Jong Kim ),( Nak Hyun Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Song ),( Pyoeng Gyun Choi ),( Ji Hwan Bang ),( Wan Beom Park ),( Eu Suk Kim ),( San 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin Against Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Myung Jin LEE1, Kye-Hyung KIM1, Jongyoun YI2, SuJin CHOI1, Chung-Jong KIM1, Nak- Hyun KIM1, Kyoung-Ho SONG1, Pyoeng Gyun CHOI1, Ji-Hwan BANG1, Wan Beom PARK1, Eu Suk KIM1, Sang-Won PARK1, Hong Bin KIM1, Nam Joong KIM1, Myoung- Don OH1 Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea1, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Korea2 Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel Bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). No effective antiviral therapy is proven yet, but clinical use of ribavirin (RBV) has been tried. We investigated the antiviral effect of RBV against SFTSV in vitro. Methods: To test for cytotoxicity of RBV, Vero cells were treated with different concentrations of RBV (3.90 to 500 μg/mL, two-fold dilution) and analyzed by cell viability MTS assay 48h post-infection. To determine antiviral activity of RBV against SFTSV, Vero cells were infected with SFTSV strain Gangwon/Korea/2012 at 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) per well in a 96-well plate, and RBV was added at the concentrations showing no or minimal cytotoxicity. Viral RNAs were extracted from the culture supernatants and quantifi ed using one-step real-time reverse transcription- PCR to amplify the partial large segment of SFTSV. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey`s post hoc test. Results: Cytotoxicity due to RBV was not observed at RBV concentration =31.3 μg/ mL. Viral RNAs at 24h post-RBV treatment were reduced with increasing RBV concentrations (1-32 μg/mL), compared with those of mock-treated cells (P <0.01, Figure). Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of RBV was 3.69 μg/mL at 24h post-RBV treatment. Conclusions: Our study shows that RBV has antiviral effect against SFTSV in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are required to evaluate the effi cacy of RBV in SFTS.

클럽 샤프트(Club Shaft) 특성에 따른 골프 스윙(Golf Swing)동작 분석

김성일,김기형,김형수,이현섭,김진욱,안찬규,김희진 한국운동역학회 2002 한국운동역학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 클럽 샤프트의 대표적인 재질인 그라파이트(graphite)의 유연한(flexible) 클럽 샤프트(club shaft)의 특성에 따라 피험자가 운동학적(kinematics) 요인이 되는 관절의 각변위, 각속도, 각가속도, 클럽헤드의 속도와 가속도와 같은 변인들이 어떻게 적응하는지 비교 분석하여 보다 효율적인 드라이버 선택에 도움을 주며 샤프트 특성에 따른 신체관절의 움직임에 대한 자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 고속 카메라 2대의 속도는 500fps로 하였고 각 regylar,stiff, x-stiff, 자신의 클럽을 포함 각 4개의 클럽을 사용하여 각 클럽당 3번씩 촬영하였으며 목표방향에서 20m이상 벗어나는 경우의 촬영은 다시 촬영하였다. 본 연구에서는 디지타이징(digitizing)을 신체 9개 마커는 강체로 가정된 클럽과 신체분절 모델로 정의하였으며 2 대의 카메라(500fps)로부터 얻은 avi화일을 컴퓨터에 저장하고 자료로부터 Butterworth 6th order recursive digital filter를 사용하여 1차 자료를 smoothing 하고 DLT를 이용하여 3차원 좌표를 구성하도록 한다. 좌표값을 얻기 위하여 kwon3d v3.0을 이용하였다. 본 실험은 피험자 스스로 클럽의 특성에 따라 스윙의 속도를 달리 하기 때문에 스윙의 시간이 달라지며 어느 정도 클럽이 강성에 따라 스윙시간이 빨라지는 결과로 나타났다. 이것은 피험자가 샤프트가 강성(stiffness)에 따라 스윙 속도를 빨리 하게 되는 원인이 되는 것으로 생각된다. 어깨의 각변위는 클럽이 regular의 경우 임팩트에서 각속도를 계속 유지하고 있으며 stiff, x-stiff의 경우에는 어깨의 움직임이 임팩트에서 급격하게 감소되는 것을 알 수 있다. 이것은 팔의 동작과 클럽의 힘을 크게 하기 위한 동작으로 생각된다. 어깨 각속도는 클럽이 stiff할수록 각속도가 큰 감속하는 것으로 나타났다. 손목속도는 regular 클럽의 경우 손목의 감속이 늦게 되고 임팩트에서 손목의 감속이 적게 하는 것으로 나타났으며 stiff와 x-stiff의 클럽에서 임팩트 시에 순간적인 감가속으로 인해 클럽의 속도를 증가시키고 있다. 임팩트 시에 손목의 감가속은 클럽헤드의 임팩트 시 속도를 증가시키는 결과를 보였다. 클럽헤드는 regular 클럽이 임팩트전에는 속도 증가가 커지는 결과와 일치된 결과를 보이고 있다. The purpose of this study was to find the rational method to analyze golf swing with specific property of club shaft. Three subjects were filmed by two high speed digital cameras with 500fps. The phase analyzed was downswing of each subject. The three-dimensional coordinates of the anatomical landmarks were obtained with motion analysis system Kwon3d 3.0 version and smoothed by lowpass digital filter with cutoff frequency 6Hz. From these data, kinematic and kinetic variables were calculated using Matlab(ver 5.0) The variables for this study were angular velocity and accelerations, which were calculated and following conclusions have been made : 1) Golf swing time of stiff club is faster than that of regular club. 2) In shoulder joint motion of swing with the stiff club, x-stiff showed mort rapid negative acceleration than that of regular club. 3) In regular club, the velocity of club head would be more effective velocity, which was increasing, than those of other clubs before impact. 4) In wrist joint motion of swing with stiff club, x-stiff club showed faster than regular club in the downswing and impact more rapid negative acceleration.

간 세포암에서 VEGF, TGF-β1, b-FGF 발현의 의의

김성용,남충현,주종우,채만규,백무준,이문수,김형철,안현철,김홍수,김창진,김창호 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: Angiogenesis is important for the proliferation and the metastasis of solid tumors. The growth of a solid tumor is widely recognized to depend on the process of neovascularrozation. Without angiogenesis, tumors cease to grow beyond even a few milimeters in diameter. It has been shown that tumor vascular density is an independent prognostic marker in several types of human tumors and is known to correlate with poor prognosis. To date, many angiogenic factors have been identified, such as transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor family(FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor(PD-ECGF), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and angiogenin. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the second most common tumor in Korean males and is known as a typical hypervascular tumor with frequent portal vein invastion. The authors identified the expreesion of VEGF, TGF-β1, and b-FGF in HCC specimens and evaluated the relationship between these growth factors and the clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC. Method: We reviewed the medical records of 30 patients who were diagnosed as hepatocellular carinoma treated with hepatic resection between January 1994 and December 1998 in Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital. The selection of the cases was decided according to the condition of paraffin block fixation. The prognostic factors such as age, sex, tumor size, concentration of serum α-fetoprotein, presence of liver cirrhosis, presence of tumor emboli in portal vein, TMN stage, amount of transfusion during the operation, hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection, and Edmonson-Steiner(E-S) grade were investigated. Relationship between the prognostic factors and the immunopathologic expression of the TGF-β1, b-FGF, and VEGF was examined. Result: Thirty patients (24 males, 6 females) were included in the current study. The patient's mean age was 50.6 years and the age ranged from 36 to 65 years. The mean size of the tumor was found to be 5.2cm. All the patients were follewed up for 7 to 63 months. Child's classification A patients were 23(76.7%)cases, B patients were 7(23.3%)cases, and C was none. Immunohistochemical staining of HCC tumor mass in VEGF expression patients were 17(56.7%), b-FGF expression patients were 10(33.3%), and TGF-β1 expression patients were 10(33.3%). VEGF expression or more than one positive expression among the three factors correlated with tumor size and the stage of HCC but did not correlated with other clinicopathological characteristics. TGF-β1 and b-FGF did not correlate with any clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusion: The results suggest that the expression of VEGF or more than one positive expression among the three factors in HCC cells may be a significant prognostic factor of HCC.

8-hydroxyguanine이 전립선비대증 발생에 미치는 효과

이재원,이석영,이형래,이상철,김용태,김원재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2002 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.12 No.2

연구목적: 전립선비대증은 노화현상에 의해 발생하는 질환으로서 임상적으로 주로 50세 이상에서 증상이 나타난다. 산소 라디칼은 DNA의 염기에 다양한 손상을 미칠 수 있다. 산소 라디칼에 의한 DNA의 변화에는 여러 가지 형태가 있으며 이러한 변화들 가운데서 guanine이 8-oxoguanine (8-hydroxyguanine, oh8Gua)으로의 수산화(hydroxylation) 반응은 가장 흔히 관찰되는 형태로서 노화 및 만성 퇴행성 질환, 기타 여러 질환의 중요한 병인으로 인식되고 있다. 세포에 유해한 영향을 주는 oh8Gua의 생성으로부터 유전자를 보호하는 수복효소 중 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase (OGG1)가 주된 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있는데 이 효소를 생산하는 유전자인 hOGG1은 사람마다 유전자형이 다르다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전립선비대증이 노화와 관련된 hOGG1 유전자형에 따라서 발생에 차이가 있는지를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 충북대학교 병원에서 전립선비대증으로 진단 받고 입원하여 경요도전립선절제술을 받은 환자로 병리 조직학적으로 전립선비대증이 확인된 81명을 환자군으로 하였으며, 충청북도내 10개 군에서 50세 이상의 건강한 성인 남자 764명을 대상으로 실시한 전립선 무료검진에서 경직장 초음파 검사상 전립선 크기 20 gm 이하, 국제 전립선 증상 점수(IPSS) 7점 이하, 요속 10 ㎖/s 이상, 전립선 특이 항원(PSA) 4.0 ng/㎖ 이하인 81명을 대조군으로 설정하였다. 이들에서 채취한 혈액에서 genomic DNA를 얻은 후 PCR-SSCP (polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism), 직접 염기서열분석(direct DNA sequencing) 및 RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism)를 통해서 두 군 사이의 hOGG1 유전자의 다형성을 분석하였다. 결과: 대조군에서 codon 326형은 Ser326Ser형이 12례(14.8%), Ser326Cys형이 51례(63.0%), Cys326Cys형이 18례(22.2%)였으며 전립선비대증 환자군에서는 Ser326Ser형이 15례(18.5%), Ser326Cys형이 34례(42.0%), Cys326Cys형이 32례(39.5%)로 두 군 사이에 통계적인 유의성이 관찰되었다(p=0.022). 또한 Cys326Cys형과 나머지(Ser326Ser, Ser326Cys)형으로 나누어 시행한 통계 분석에서도 대조군에서는 각각 18례(22.2%), 63례(77.8%)였으며 전립선비대증 환자군에서는 32례(39.5%), 49례(60.5%)로 통계적인 유의성이 관찰되었다(p=0.017, OR=2.286, 95% CI=1.149-4.546). 결론: hOGG1 유전자의 형태와 전립선비대증의 발생과는 밀접한 관련이 있었다. 즉 hOGG1 Cys326Cys형을 가진 사람에서 전립선비대증이 발생한 가능성이 높을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OSS1) rapairs DNA by removing 8-oxoguanine (oh8Gua), a highly mutagenic oxidative DNA adduct. Recently, the human gene for OGG1 (hOGG1) was cloned and several genotypes have been reported. However, the implications of such genotypes in benign prostatic lyperplasia have not been demonstrated. To assess the involvement of hOGG1 associated with the aging process on the developing of BPH, we analyzed the genetic polymorphisms of hOGG1. Materials and Methods: We studied the hOGG1 gene polymorphisms in 81 cases of BPH and 81 cases of normal controls. We performed the SSCP, PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct sequencing to characterize the genetic polymorphisms of hOGG1 in both BPH patients and controls. Results: We found two polymorphic sites. A serine326/cysteine polymorphism at codon 326 (1a type) in exon 7 was associated with an exchange of amino acid. Another polymorphic site at codon 324 (1b type) in exon 6 was silent. We found that the distribution of hOGG1 genotypes in BPH patients (Ser326Ser type 18.5%, Ser326Cys type 42.0% and Cys326Cys type 39.5%) was significantly different from that in controls (14.8%, 63.0% and 22.2%, respectively) (p=0.022). Homozygosity for the Cys326Cys genotype significantly increased the risk of developing BPH, with the odds ratio (OR) being 2.286 (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.149-4.546) Conclusion: Our results suggest that the hOGG1 Cys326Cys genotype might play a important role in the development of BPH.

폐내 기관지 낭종

이석열,이숭진,박형주,이철세,이길노,김윤정,나주옥 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

A 33-year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to removal of lung mass which indicentally detected Chest radiography. Chest computerized tomography revealed lung parenchymal cystic lesion. Open thoracotomy was done for diagnosis and therapy. Cystic lesion was communicated to bronchus and wedge resection including cystic lesion was done. Bronchogenic cyst is congenital disease and mainly locate in mediastinum. It is rare in lung parenchyme. Herein we report a case of intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst.

한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이 양상

김형훈,김현진,정윤재,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원,기창석,김종원,정재훈 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.4

연구배경: 갑상선 수질암의 25∼30%는 유전성으로 발현되는데, MEN 2A, MEN 2B 또는 가족성 수질암의 형태로 나타난다. RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이가 유전성 갑상선 수질암의 발생에 중요한 역할을 하므로, 진단 당시의 연령이나 가족력 유무에 관계없이 모든 갑상선 수질암 환자나 또는 RET 변이가 발견된 수질암 환자의 가족 구성원들에서 RET 변이 검색을 하여야 한다. 또한 일부 문헌에서 RET 변이의 양상에따라 임상상이 다르게 표현됨이 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 한국인 갑상선 수질암 환자에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이의 양성률을 알아보고, 변이 양상에 따른 임상상의 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 치근 7년간 본원에서 갑상선절제술을 통해 갑상선 수질암으로 진단받은 29예에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이 검사를 시행하였다. 29예의 평균연령은 39세(20∼60세)이었고, 남자 7예, 여자 22예 이었다. 이들의 말초혈액에서 genomic DNA를 분리하고, 특이 시발차를 이용하여 RET 원종양유전자의 exon10, 11, 13, 14, 16부위를 증폭하였다. 증폭된 부위를 자동염기서열분석기를 이용하여 직접 분석하였다. 양성으로 나온 경우는 모든 가족 구성원을 대상으로 RET 변이 유무를 검색하였다. 결과: 대상 환자 29예 중 9예 (31%)에서 RET 원종양유전자 점돌연변이가 발견되었다 RET 변이가 발견된 9예 (남자 3예, 여자 6예)의 평균 연령은 33세 (20∼51세)로 RET 변이가 발견되지 않은 20예의 평균연령 42세(24∼60세)보다 의미 있게 적었다. RET 변이가 발견된 9예 중 MEN 2A가 5예, 가족성 수질암이 1예, 그리고 산발성 수질암이 3예이었고, MEN 2B는단 1예도 진단되지 않았다. MEN 2A 5예 중 4예는 exon 11의 codon 634번(C634R 2예, C634Y 2예)에서, 그리고 나머지 1예는exon 10의 codon 618번 (C618R)에서 변이가 각각 발견되었다. 가족성 수질암 1아는 codon 634번(C634W)에서, 산발성 수질암 3예도 모두 codon 634번 (C634y 2예, C634s 1예)에서 각각 변이가 발견되었다. RET변이 양상 또는 위치에 따른 임상상의 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. 결론: 갑상선 수질암 환자 31%에서 RET 원종양유전자의 점돌연변이를 발견할 수 있었다. 유전성 수질암 중 가족성 수질암 1예를 제외하고 나머지 5예는MEN 2A이었다. 저자들의 5예와 지금까지 국내에서 보고 된 7예를 합친 국내 MEN 2A 12예 중 75% (9/12)는 exon 11의codon 634번(C634R 4예, C634y 4예, C634w 1예)에서, 그리고 나머지 25% (3/12)는 exon 10의 codon618번(C618R 2예, C618s 1예)에서 변이가 발견되었다. 국내에서는 codon 634과 codon 618 두 곳에만 국한된 양상이었고, codon 634에서의 C634R 변이는 1/3에서만 나타났다. 비록 본 연구에서는 제한된 환자 수 때문에 변이 양상과 임상상의 관계를 규명할 수 없었지만, 향후 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로 전향적인 연구를 시행하여 genotype-phenotype 관계 규명을 하는 것이 필요하다. Background: Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) have been reported as hereditary in about 25 -30% of cases. The identification of germline mutation in RET proto-oncogene is important in the diagnosis of hereditary MTC, and occurs in three forms: MEN 2A, MEN 2B and familial MTC (FMTC). To evaluate the prevalence of the relationship of RET proto-oncogene mutation and genotype-phenotype was studied in Korean patients with MTC. Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from 29 patients, with MTC, who underwent a total thyroidectomy, between 1997 and 2003, at the Samsung Medical Center. There were 7 male and 22 female patients, with an average age of 39, ranging from 20 to 60 years. Exon 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16 of the RET proto-oncogene were amplified, with specific primers, using PCR. A sequencing analysis was performed on the PCR product using an automatic sequencing analyzer. Results: Nine of the 29 patients (31%) were identified as having RET mutations. The average age of these 9 patients was 33 years, ranging from 20 to 51, with a female to male ratio of 2. Five patients had MEN 2A and one had FMTC, with the other 3 thought to have non-hereditary (sporadic) MTC. The 4 patients with MEN 2A had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (2 patients, C634R; 2 patients, C634Y) and the other patient on codon 618 of exon 10 (C618R). One patient with FMTC had a mutation on codon 634 (C634W). Three patients with sporadic MTC had RET mutations on codon 634 (2 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634S). However, no genotype- phenotype relationship could be found, due to the limited number of patients. Conclusion: Thirty-one percent (9/29) of the patients with MTC had RET proto-oncogene mutations. Three-quarters (9/12) of the Korean patients with MEN 2A, including another 7 patients reported in 3 papers in Korea, had RET mutations on codon 634 of exon 11 (4 patients, C634R; 4 patients, C634Y; 1 patient, C634W), but a quarter (3/12) had mutations on codon 618 of exon 10 (2 patients, C618R; 1 patient, C618S). Although no relations could be found between the genotypes and phenotypes, extensive prospective studies will be required to verify this (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:360-370, 2003).

상완골 간부 골절 불유합의 금속판과 자가골 이식에 의한 치료 결과

이광현,이성필,김형종,이봉근,김주학 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.2

정신과 외래환자의 약물치료 반응과 심박동 변이의 변화 양상

이상규,이홍석,김인주,김형태,김도훈,손봉기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of heart rate variability after antidepressant treatment in depressed or anxious patients. We tried to find the usefulness of heart rate variability as a predictive marker of response to pharmacological treatments in the psychiatric field. Methods : Forty-seven patients with major depression, anxiety disorder, and somatoform disorder were treated over 4 weeks with antidepressants and were then classified as responders or nonresponders according to Hamilton depression scales or CGI scores. The HRV variables were measured and compared among the responders/nonresponders and the matched normal control. Results : The responders group exhibited low heart rate, low PSI, high SDNN, RMSSD, HRV index, NN50, pNN50, LNTP, LNLF, and LNHF compared with the nonresponders after 4 weeks antidepressant treatment. However, no significant differencein HRV vanables was observed between the responders group after treatment and the nonnal control group and the responsegroup after treatment. Conclusion : These results indicate that HRV variables would are normalized after successful antidepressant treatment and it that HRV has some possible uses as a predicting marker of antidepressant response.

Identification of a sensitive urinary biomarker, selenium-binding protein 1, for early detection of acute kidney injury

Kim, Kyeong Seok,Yang, Hun Yong,Song, Hosup,Kang, Ye Rim,Kwon, JiHoon,An, JiHye,Son, Ji Yeon,Kwack, Seung Jun,Kim, Young-Mi,Bae, Ok-Nam,Ahn, Mee-Young,Lee, Jaewon,Yoon, Sungpil,Lee, Byung μ,Kim, Hyung TAYLOR & FRANCIS 2017 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Vol.80 No.9

<P>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased mortality rate in patients but clinically available biomarkers for disease detection are currently not available. Recently, a new biomarker, selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1), was identified for detection of nephrotoxicity using proteomic analysis. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of urinary SBP1 levels as an early detection of AKI using animal models such as cisplatin or ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with cisplatin (6 mg/kg, once i.p.) and sacrificed at 1, 3, or 5 days after treatment. Ischemia was achieved by bilaterally occluding both kidneys with a microvascular clamp for 45 min and verified visually by a change in tissue color. After post-reperfusion, urine samples were collected at 9, 24, and 48 hr intervals. Urinary excretion of protein-based biomarkers was measured by Western blot analysis. In cisplatin-treated rats, mild histopathologic alterations were noted at day 1 which became severe at day 3. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels were significantly increased at day 3. Levels of urinary excretion of SBP1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were markedly elevated at day 3 and 5 following drug treatment. In the vehicle-treated I/R group, serum levels of BUN and SCr and AST activity were significantly increased compared to sham. Urinary excretion of SBP1 and NGAL rose markedly following I/R. The urinary levels of SBP1, NGAL, TIMP-1, and KIM-1 proteins excreted by AKI patients and normal subjects were compared. Among these proteins, a marked rise in SBP1 was observed in urine of patients with AKI compared to normal subjects. Based upon receiver-operator curves (ROC), SBP1 displayed a higher area under the curve (AUC) scores than levels of SCr, BUN, total protein, and glucose. In particular, SBP1 protein was readily detected in small amounts of urine without purification. Data thus indicate that urinary excretion of SBP1 may be useful as a reliable biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI in patients.</P>

Shelf Life Determination of Precooked Frozen Meat Dumplings

Lee, Young-Chun,Yang, Hyung-Sub,Kim, Dong-Ho 한국산업식품공학회 2002 산업 식품공학 Vol.6 No.3

Quality of frozen foods is significantly affected by the storage temperature and tie, and the consumers' demand for safe quality frozen foods is increasing. The objective of this research was to estimate the shelf life of frozen cooked meat dumplings, based on the changes in the selected physico-chemical and sensory quality attributes. Precooked frozen meat dumplings sampled from the same lot produced at a frozen food company in Seoul were stored at -10, -15, and -20℃. The meat dumplings sampled at 3- to 4-week intervals were subjected to the determination of volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), peroxide value (POV), surface color and shear value after thawing at 5℃ for 15 h. High quality life (HQL) was determined through the triangle test and practical quality life (PQL) through the scoring test. VBN, TBA and POV increased as the storage period was increased. HQL of the frozen meat dumplings were 189 and 252 days at -10 and -15℃, respectively. The estimated PQL were 349, 475, and 491 days at -10, -15, and -20 ℃, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that there were significant relationships between sensory scores and VBN and POV of the stored meat dumplings. VBN was selected as the most reliable objective quality index for the shelf life determination (PQL) of the precooked frozen meat dumplings.