추황배(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Chuhwangbae) 과피로부터 1종의 Sterol과 3종의 배당체 화합물의 단리·동정

이유건(Yu Geon Lee1),조정용(Jeong-Yong Cho),이현주(Hyun Joo Lee),이용현(Yong Hyun Lee),이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee),한태호(Tae-Ho Han),김월수(Wol-Soo Kim),박근형(Keun-Hyung Park),문제학(Jae-Hak Moon) 한국식품과학회 2013 한국식품과학회지 Vol.45 No.5

본 연구에서는 배의 유용성 증명을 위한 일환으로 배의 화학성분을 분자수준에서 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 배 과피 MeOH 추출물을 용매분획하여 얻은 EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성분획을 대상으로 Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, 그리고 ODS colmn chromatography와 HPLC를 이용하여 정제 및 단리하였다. 그 결과, EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성 분획으로부터 각각 2종씩의 화합물을 단리하였다. 단리된 화합물 1-4는 1H- 및 13C-NMR 분석을 통하여 각각 (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (화합물 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone(piceoside, 화합물 2), β-sitosterol (화합물 3), 그리고 β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (화합물 4)로 동정되었다. 단리된 3종의 배당체 화합물(화합물 1, 2, 4)들은 본 연구에 의해 배로부터 처음 동정되었으며, 화합물 3은 추황배로부터 처음 동정되었다. 본 연구결과가 배 함유 성분연구는 물론 배의 기능성 해명 연구에도 추후 중요한 기초자료로 활용되길 기대한다. We isolated and identified antioxidants from acidic and neutral ethyl acetate fractions of the peel of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia N. cv. Chuhwangbae). We isolated 4 compounds from the methanol extract, by using 3 different types of column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and octadecylsilane) and preparative HPLC. We identified the isolated compounds as (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone (picroside, compound 2), β-sitosterol (compound 3), and β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 4) by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. We are the first to report the identification of compounds 1, 2, and 4 from pear.

송이 (Tricholoma matsutake) 자실체의 화학성분

이학주,최윤정,가강현,박원철 한국목재공학회 2003 목재공학 Vol.31 No.4

송이(Tricholoma matsutake) 자실체의 메탄올(methanol, MeOH) 추출물로부터 4개의 화합물을 분리하였으며, 기기분석 결과 adcnosinc (9-β-D-ribofuranosyladenine)을 비롯하여, methyl trans-cinnamate, ergosterol (ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β-ol) 및 ergosta-4, 6, 8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one으로 각각 동정하였다. One alkaloid derivatives, one amide and two steroids were isolated from the fruit bodies of Tricholoma matsutake. The structures were determinded as adenosine, methyl trans-cinnamate, ergosterol and ergosta-4, 6, 8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data.

태권도 수련 학부모의 수련환경과 수련효과 만족이 수련지속 행동에 미치는 영향

이정학,전정우 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information of efficient Taekwondo Gym's management by examine the effects of discipline adherence behavior on satisfaction discipline surrounding and discipline effect of Taekwondo discipline parent. 279 among Seoul and Gyeong-Gi located Taekwondo discipline parents were sampled using the convenience sampling method in this study. The survey instrument for this study was a self developed tool constructed by researcher using attained from prior studies conducted by Oh. D(1995), Kim. G(2002), Kim. J(2003). The survey instrument was consisted to total 71 items, 7 items related subject of demographic information, 3 items related to discipline adherence behavior, 32. items related satisfaction of discipline surrounding and 29 items related satisfaction to discipline effect of Taekwondo training parents. To analyze the data collected for this study, SPSS 10.0 program was used for Descriptive analysis and Multiple Regression analysis. The findings drawn from above methodology and result analysis are as follow. The satisfaction to discipline surrounding of parent showed significant effects location(β =.137, p<.05) factor on discipline period and the satisfaction to discipline effect of parent appeared significant effects friend relationship(β=.202., p<.05), interesting of children(β=.182, p<.01) factors on discipline period. Also, the satisfaction of parent showed significant effects programs(β=.262, p<.01), interesting of children(β=.139, p<.05) factors on discipline adherence behavior of achievement.

기대-불일치 패러다임에서 예상의 영향력에 관한 연구 : 브랜드 경험유무와 측정시점 시간간격의 조정적 역할

이학식,임지훈,구민정 한국방송광고공사 2005 광고연구 Vol.0 No.68

소비자 만족결정 과정을 설명하기 위하여 기대 - 불일치 패러다임이 개발된 이후 이 패러다임내의 연구단위들 간의 관계에 관해 많은 연구들이 수행되었다. 이러한 관계들 중에서 기대(본 연구에서는 예상)의 영향력은 여러 연구들에서 다르게 나타났다. 본 논문은 기대 - 불일치 패러다임 내에서 예상의 영향력이 브랜드 경험과 측정시점 시간간격에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지를 조사하기 위하여 수행된 두 연구결과를 보고한다. <연구 1>에서 특정 브랜드 유경험 소비자의 경우 예상은 지각된 성과에 정(正, +)의 영향을 미치지만 무경험 소비자의 경우 그 영향은 나타나지 않았다. 또한 유경험 소비자의 경우 예상은 지각된 성과와 예상일치성의 매개에 의해 만족에 영향을 미치지만 무경험 소비자의 경우 예상은 만족에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. <연구 2>는 예상이 지각된 성과, 일치성, 그리고 만족에 미치는 영향이 예상 측정 시점과 지각된 성과, 일치성, 그리고 만족 측정 시점 간의 시간 간격에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지를 조사한 것이다. 이 연구에서 예상이 일치성에 미치는 영향력은 기대대로 시간간격이 긴 경우보다 짧은 경우에 더 크게 나타났다. 예상이 지각된 성과와 만족에 미치는 영향은 시간간격이 긴 경우보다 짧은 경우에 더 크게 나타났지만 그 차이는 통계적으로 유의적이지 않았다. After expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm was developed to explain the process of consumer satisfaction decision, a lot of studies were performed for the relationships of constructs in this paradigm. Among the relationships of those constructs, the influences of expectation(anticipation in this study) did not appear to be consistent in several studies. Two studies were conducted to investigates how brand experiences and measuring time interval moderate the influences of anticipation in the expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm. In the first study, (1) in the case of experienced consumers, anticipation appeared to positively influence perceived performance whereas in the case of unexperienced consumers, anticipation did not; and (2) in the case of experienced consumers, anticipation appeared to influence satisfaction with the mediation of perceived performance and congruency whereas in the case of unexperienced consumers, anticipation did not. The second study was regarding how the influences of anticipation on perceived performance, congruency, and satisfaction vary with the time interval between the time of measuring anticipation(t1) and the time of measuring perceived performance, congruency, and satisfaction(t2). In this study, as expected, anticipation appeared to influence congruency more in the case that the time interval was short than it was long. Although anticipation appeared to influence perceived performance and satisfaction more in the case that the time interval was short than it was long, the difference was not statistically significant.

토착형 말라리아 (Plasmodium vivax) 2례

이영진,박도심,정병학 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1997 圓光醫科學 Vol.13 No.1-2

In korea indigenous malaria was known as "Hak-chil" in many centuries and they were disappeared from 1984 to 1992. But indegenous malaria (Plasmodium vivax) was detected in 1993 among soldiers and residents in western parts of the demilitarized zone (DMZ). Nowadays infected cases of indeginous malaria are progressively increased and social problem because infected mosquitos and bloods can transmit to other people. We detected 2 cases of indigenous malaria (P.vivax) that they were worked in western parts of the demilitarized zone (DMZ) during army period few months ago but never went out of korea, received blood products and intravenous drugs. We considered that they were were infected malaria at DMZ.

뇌낭미충증에 대한 실험적 연구

이훈갑,김성학,이기찬,주정화 대한신경외과학회 1980 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.9 No.1

Cerebral cysticercosis may produce many complications and various types of tissue reactions to the parenchyma of the brain. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the nature of the reactions of the brain tissue responding to a direct contract with the fluid contents of cysticercus cyst. The experiments were performed in 15 albino rats in which the brain lesions were made on the frontal region by injecting the fluid contents which was obtained from subcutaneous nodules of human patient with cysticercosis. The fluid contents, 0.5ml for each animal, was injected with 26 gauge hypodermal needle into the left cerebral hemisphere beneath the cortex for experimental group, and same amount of normal saline into the right hemisphere identical to the region of the left for the control group. Histopathological studies were carried out on the train lesions at interval of 3 days, 7 days and 15 days following injection of the contents and normal saline. Findings of generalized and regional edema of the brain were observed in varying degrees, which were evident and severe in 3-day and 7-day experimental groups and decreasing in severity thereafter. In the group of normal saline injection, the microscopic findings of the lesions were mainly of a mild inflammatory reactions with scattered fibroblast or condensation of the nervous tissue. In 3-day experimental group, there were pleomorphic infiltration of neutrophils and histiocytes. In 7-day experimental group, there were prominent cellular reaction, gliosis and vascular proliferation more than those observed in 3-day group. In 15-day experimental group, inflammatory cells and gliosis were reduced in number and. degree, but definitive granuloma with proliferation of vascular fibroblast in its outer layer was developed.

난소절제후 Estrogen을 투여한 흰쥐 대동맥에서 Protein Kinase C-α와 Fas 발현의 변화

이왕수,이상엽,안지현,송영빈,김학진,이광재,유재격,김상욱,김태호,김치정,류왕성 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2001 中央醫大誌 Vol.26 No.3

Estrogen is believed to decrease coronary artery disease. Protein kinase C-α(PKCα)appear to be important in signal conduction pathways. Estrogen treatment increases catalytic activity of PKCα,and activation of PKCαcan modulate estrogen receptor levels and responsiveness. And it was reported that activation of PKC can protect cells from apoptosis induced by Fas ligation. But the beneficial effect of estrogen on PKCαwas not clearly demonstrated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of PKCαafter ovariectomy and estrogen therapy in rat aorta. The results were summarized as below: 1. The significant pathological changes were not observed in the rat aorta irrelevant to ovariectomy and estrogen therapy. 2. The expression of Fas was decreased in the aorta of estrogen-treated rats than that of ovariectomized rats without estrogen therapy. 3. Increased expression of PKCαwas more marked in the aprta of estrogen-treated rats than that of ovariectomized rat without estrogen therapy. In conclusion,PKCαmay be important in signal conduation pathway on the effect of estrogen. Activation of PKCαby estrogen reduced Fas expression, suggesting that PKCαactivation may play a role in protection against atherasclerosis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of PKCαafter estrogen therapy.

비구조적 퍼지 의사결정지원시스템을 활용한 재해예방대책에 관한 연구

이용준,정성춘,이학기 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

The hazard factors in building construction project are various and their bad effects with regard to project's efficiency are increasing due to its enlargement and complexity. However, the assessment of the construction safety is commonly dependent upon the statistical and historical information, since the existing systematic tool assisting to the effective Decision Making for estimating the safety prior to Construction Phase is inaccurate. In addition. it is true that there are the various difficulties to analyze and diagnosis the construction safety with the probabilistic approach. Because there are the many vague factors and limited resources. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide the way to establish the efficient preventable countermeasure against the hazard factors, corresponding to the category of the hazard characteristic, by using Non-Structural Fuzzy Decision Support System(NSFDSS) for diagnosing effectively the construction project safety.

食用獨活의 生態에 關한 硏究 : 越冬前 地下莖의 芽數와 翌年發生 莖數와의 相關 Correlation between the number of crownbuds in autumn and the number of stalk produced in the following season in chonnam area

李相來,鄭丁采,金鶴鎭 順天大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

全南地方에 있어서 食用獨活의 地下莖에는 翌春에 嫩莖이될 芽(crown bud)가 形成되여 있으나 翌年度에 發芽되는 莖數와의 相互關係를 알고 收穫期間의 決定의 資料를 얻고자 全南地方의 推定 收穫 限界期라고 生覺되는 5月 下旬까지만 莖을 除去하고 그 以後부터서 가을 霜降時까지 그대로 放任한 區와 嫩莖이 發達한 直前의 月末까지(7月末日) 收穫하였다가 그 後 부터서 霜降까지 그대로 放任한 區等의 3個의 試驗區를 亂塊法 三反覆으로 試驗하였으니 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 前年度 가을에 芽數와 翌年 發生 莖數와의 높은 相關을 認定할 수 있었다. 2. 收穫 期間이 가장 길었던 7月末 까지의 收穫區는 越冬前 根群을 調査한 結果 根群 發生이 不良하여 減收의 原因이 되였다. 3. 發生 莖數는 越冬前의 芽數와 多小 關係가 있는 것 같으나 收穫期의 長短이 더욱 큰 影響을 주었다. 4. 全南地方의 收穫 限界期는 5月 末日까지로 보는 것이 좋을 것 같다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the ecological characteristics of Japanease udo in Chonnam area. During the summer and autumn poriod after the previous year cutting crownbuds of Japanease udo which is edible spears in the following spring are formed. This study was made to dertimine the relationship between the number of corwnbuds in the previned and the number of ber of stalks produced in the following season. The results obtained were as follows: previous num- 1. There was a highly positive correlation between the sum of spears and stalks produced. 2. The plots harvested until the end of July were caused low yield due to the poor development of root system. 3. The number of stalks produced were slightly correlated with the crownbuds of previous year but the length of the harvesting period were influenced severely. 4. The marginal harvesting period of Japanease udo in Chonnam area were determined to the end of May. previous autumn and the num-

흔적이론과 의미해석

이영헌,조학행,이흥수,허정 조선대학교 외국문화연구소 1980 外國文化硏究 Vol.3 No.1

표준이론(Standard Theory)에 있어서 한 문장의 의미해석은 오직 심층구조에 의해서만 가능하였다. 그러나 어떤 문장에 있어서는 심층구조의 정보만으로는 그 문장이 지니고 있는 모든 의미를 나타내주지 못하는 경우가 있기 때문에 표층구조에서도 의미해석을 하여야 할 경우가 생긴다. 이와 같은 문법기술의 궁극적 목표인 의미해석에 밝은 전망을 주지 못하는 표준이론은 확대표준이론으로 발전되었다. 확대표준이론(Extended Standard Theory)에 의하면 한 문장의 의미해석은 심층구조와 표층구조를 모두 다 들여다 보아야 가능하다. 그러므로 의미해석의 정보를 심층구조에서 뿐만 아니라 표층구조에서도 택하여야 한다면, 어떤 정보는 심층구조에서 얻어야 하고, 또 어떤 정보는 표층구조에서 얻어야 할 것이냐 하는 문제가 생긴다. 다시 말하면 심층조와 표층구조가 제공하는 정보의 구별에 따르는 문제가 생기는 의미해석의 문제도 그만큼 복잡해진다. 뿐만 아니라 두 구조가 제공하는 정보에 의한 의미해석이 복잡해짐에 따라 의미가 동일한 두 문장과 한 문장이 두개 이상의 의미를 지녔을 경우의 의미해석은 더욱 어려운 문제가 된다.