산업보건관리자를 위한 소음성 난청 예방지침서의 개발

이원철,유경혜,장성실,이세훈,구정완,김현욱,노영만,이경재,김형아 가톨릭 대학 산업의학 쎈타 산업의학연구소 1996 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.35 No.1

Occupational hearing loss became the leading occupational disease by constioution 56% of all work-related diseases in Korea. However, the prevalance rates showed wide variations among the specific medical examination providers and were very low(0.8-1.4%) compared with those 8.4% in Japan. The sources of these variations was regarded in the preview study as 1) Employee audometric estings were primarily conducted by nurses and nurse-aids who had no formal training for audiometry; 2) althought audiometric testing equipment used by the spedific medical examination providers, it should be periodically calibrated, a significant number of them were not properly calibrated : 3) Initial audiometric testings were conducted at any available spaces in workplace or at the testing room without considering bachground noise level. One of solutions that can be done for sloving surrent noise related problems is to provide a noise related manual for the occupational health managers including doctors, nurses and hyginests. This study was done to provide such a manual. The main core of the manual was hearing conservation program. And the contents of the manual was the same as the main frame of hearing conservation program such as noise survey, provided of the diagram showing the core contents of each factor of the hearing conservation program. Hopefully, this manual will be the references of the standardized performances of the specific medical examination providers.

모 컴퓨터 회사 근로자 건강증진 사업 전개를 위한 수요조사

임현우,안병용,최환석,박정일,김경수,이강숙,김정아,구정완 가톨릭대학산업의학쎈타 산업의학연구소 1997 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.36 No.4

Before conducting the health promotion program, we surveyed the health risk appraisal(HRA) of 210 workers (186 men and 24 women) in a computer company, for the need assessment, selection of target population, priority setting, and as a standard for comparision after performing the program. The smokers were 115(88.6%), and drinkers (over 1 bottle of Soju per week) were 91(44.8%) in men. Entire women and 148(78.0%) men never or irregularly exercise. Type A personality were 73(39.2%) in men, 8(33.3%) in women, and 26(14.0%) of men and 6(25.0%) of women were high stress risk group. 53(25.2%) of men and 2(8.3%) of women were obese (BMI ≥25kg/m²), and workers who consumed exess of total calory compared with recommendation were 142(76.3%) in men and 18(75%) of women. By the health risk appraisal, it was suggested that smoking cessation program, drinking counselling, exercise prescription, stress management, and weight control program should be conducted effectively for the high risk group.

Future distributions of warm‐adapted evergreen trees, <i>Neolitsea sericea</i> and <i>Camellia japonica</i> under climate change: ensemble forecasts and predictive uncertainty

Koo, Kyung Ah,Park, Seon Uk,Hong, Seungbum,Jang, Inyoung,Seo, Changwan Springer Japan 2018 Ecological research Vol.33 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The prediction of the climate change effect on plant distribution has become a primary research field for conservation practices and planning. The present research predicted future distributions of warm‐adapted evergreen trees, <I>Neolitsea sericea</I> (Blume) Koidz. and <I>Camellia japonica</I> L., under climate change in the Korean Peninsula (KP) using an ensemble approach and quantified the predictive uncertainty. For these purposes, we used nine modeling algorithms and the pre‐evaluation weighted ensemble method in modelling the current distributions of those evergreen trees; furthermore, we predicted their future distributions under 20 climate change scenarios and averaged the future predictions for ensemble forecasts. The results suggest that both species would expand to the northern part of KP under climate changes; however, the spatial pattern and rate of expansions would be different. <I>C. japonica</I> showed a faster expansion than <I>N. sericea</I>. While <I>C. japonica</I> showed both inland and northward expansions under climate change, <I>N. sericea</I> was mostly distributed in coastal areas. In addition, the highly suitable habitats of <I>N. sericea</I> and <I>C. japonica</I> will decline or shift to the north under climate change. This may indicate that climate change will degrade habitat suitability of those species within the distribution boundary and may restrict their continuous range expansions under further climate changes. Considering the lack of research on the climate‐related range shifts of plants in Asia including KP, the present study provides fundamental and practical knowledge for a better understanding of climate‐related vegetation changes in Asia as well as in KP.</P>

[P10-106] Anti-inflammatory effect of a water-soluble fraction from Artemisia iwayomogi on the LPS-induced NO release in primary rat astrocyte culture

Kyung Ah Koo,Hye Sung Lee,Sook Jin Kim,Yeon Suk Cha,Hyong-Chol,Ji Yeon Son,Hyun Joo Youn,Kyung-Joon Youn 한국식품영양과학회 2005 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2005 No.10

RCP 기후변화 시나리오에 따른 우리나라 구상나무 잠재 분포 변화 예측

구경아 ( Koo Kyung Ah ),김재욱 ( Kim Jaeuk ),공우석 ( Kong Woo-seok ),정휘철 ( Jung Huicheul ),김근한 ( Kim Geunhan ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2016 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.19 No.6

The projection of climate-related range shift is critical information for conservation planning of Korean fir (Abies koreana E. H. Wilson). We first modeled the distribution of Korean fir under current climate condition using five single-model species distribution models (SDMs) and the pre-evaluation weighted ensemble method and then predicted the distributions under future climate conditions projected with HadGEM2-AO under four CO2 emission scenarios, the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5. We also investigated the predictive uncertainty stemming from five individual algorithms and four CO2 emission scenarios for better interpretation of SDM projections. Five individual algorithms were Generalized linear model (GLM), Generalized additive model (GAM), Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), Generalized boosted model (GBM) and Random forest (RF). The results showed high variations of model performances among individual SDMs and the wide range of diverging predictions of future distributions of Korean fir in response to RCPs. The ensemble model presented the highest predictive accuracy (TSS = 0.97, AUC = 0.99) and predicted that the climate habitat suitability of Korean fir would increase under climate changes. Accordingly, the fir distribution could expand under future climate conditions. Increasing precipitation may account for increases in the distribution of Korean fir. Increasing precipitation compensates the negative effects of increasing temperature. However, the future distribution of Korean fir is also affected by other ecological processes, such as interactions with co-existing species, adaptation and dispersal limitation, and other environmental factors, such as extreme weather events and land-use changes. Therefore, we need further ecological research and to develop mechanistic and process-based distribution models for improving the predictive accuracy.

Effects of Adding Intravenous Pamidronate to Ongoing Menopausal Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Korean Women with Low Bone Mineral Density

Young-Ah Koo,Kyung-A Son,Suk-Joo Choi,Byung-Koo Yoon 대한폐경학회 2019 대한폐경학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Objectives: We evaluated the effects of adding intravenous pamidronate to ongoing menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Korean women with low BMD. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 74 postmenopausal women who received MHT for at least 1 year and had a BMD T-score of less than −2.0. Maintaining the same MHT regimen, these women were divided into two groups: oral placebo group (n = 44) and a pamidronate group of patients with gastrointestinal discomfort (n = 30) who received 15–30 mg pamidronate intravenously every 3–12 months. BMD was reviewed at 12-month follow-up. Bone resorption markers in both groups, urinary deoxypyridinoline levels in the placebo group, and serum N-telopeptide of type I collagen in the pamidronate group were assessed at 6 and 12 months. Results: At baseline, the body mass index (BMI), duration of previous MHT, and femur neck (FN) BMD differed between the groups. Within-group analysis revealed that BMD of the lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) significantly increased in the placebo group, whereas those of the LS, FN, and TH increased in the pamidronate group. The increase in BMD of LS was significantly greater in the pamidronate group, after adjusting for BMI and duration of previous MHT (mean change: 3.7% vs. 6.2%; P < 0.001). There were no changes in bone resorption markers in either group. Conclusions: Adding intravenous pamidronate to ongoing MHT for 12 months might increase LS BMD in postmenopausal Korean women with low BMD.

생태공학적 기법을 활용한 지역단위 생태계 보호지역 확대방안

구경아 ( Koo Kyung Ah ),오일찬,이현우,홍현정,박선욱 한국환경정책평가연구원 2018 기본연구보고서 Vol.2018 No.-

본 연구에서는 다양한 생태계의 보전 및 생물다양성 보전과 증진을 통한 생태계의 지속가능한 이용을 위하여 우리나라 대표 생태계 보호지역인 국립공원을 확대하기 위한 평가기법을 개발하고 이의 정책적 활용 방향을 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 생태계 보호지역 지정현황 및 문제점을 분석하였고, 둘째, 생태공학 기법을 기반으로 지역단위 생태계 신규 보호지역 평가기법을 개발하였으며, 셋째, 이러한 기법을 제주도 생태계에 시범 적용하여 신규 보호지역 평가기법의 실효성을 제시하였다.생태계 보호지역 지정 현황 및 문제점을 분석한 결과, 국제사회 및 선진국은 보호지역지정 시 다양한 보호대상 및 용도, 생물 인자와 비생물 인자를 고려하고 있으나, 우리나라는 생물종 및 서식처 위주로 보호지역을 지정·관리하고 있어 이동 경로, 자연과정, 생태계서비스에 대한 고려가 부족하다. 보호지역 용도 역시 보전, 보호, 레크리에이션 위주로 한정짓고 있어 보호대상의 유지, 회복, 복원, 모니터링을 위한 용도로도 검토가 필요하다. 이와 더불어 우리나라는 보호지역 지정 목적, 규모, 비율, 생태 단위, 주변 지역, 이동 시간에 대한 고려 및 건강성, 온전성, 연결성, 토착성, 장기성, 잠재성에 대한 고려가 부족하다.보호지역의 합리적인 설정과 효과적인 관리를 위해서는 다양한 인자들과 인자들 간의 상호작용을 고려한 지역단위 종합분석이 필요하며, 이러한 지역단위 종합분석을 위해 본 연구에서는 생태공학적 기법을 토대로 한 보호지역 분석틀을 제시하였다. 제시된 분석틀을 제주도 지역에 시범 적용하여, 국립공원 보호지역으로 우선 편입해야 할 생태적으로 우수한 지역들의 순위를 도출하였다. 특히 미래 토지이용변화에 따른 우수 생태계의 감소를 전망하고 이를 반영하여 보호지역 선정 우선순위를 도출한 결과, 가장 시급하게 보호지역으로 편입해야 할 지역들은 한라산국립공원 주변에 집중 분포되어 있었다.본 연구에서 제시한 생태계 보호지역 분석기법은 다양한 생물 인자 및 비생물 인자, 그리고 이들의 상호작용 및 미래 환경변화를 고려한 각 지역 생태계의 특성을 반영하기 때문에 현재 우수한 생태계뿐만 아니라 앞으로 중요하게 보호해야 할 생태계를 보호지역으로 편입할 수 있는 근거를 제시하였다. 예를 들어, 제주도 시범 분석에서 미래 토지이용을 고려하였을 때 토지이용변화에 가장 먼저 영향을 받는 우수 생태계를 도출하여 우선 보호지역으로 지정·관리할 것을 제시하였다. 그러나 본 연구에서 제시한 생태공학적 분석틀의 충분한 활용을 위해서는 각 지표항목과 지표항목에 속하는 인자들에 대한 개별 공간자료가 필요하다. 또한 토지이용변화 외에 기후변화와 같은 다른 환경 인자의 변화에 따른 생태계 변화는 분석할 수 없었다. 이러한 분석의 한계는 기후변화 영향을 설명하는 생태자료와 연구 및 공간분석을 위해 구축된 자료가 매우 부족하기 때문으로, 이를 해결하기 위해서는 장기간의 생태자료와 종별 서식지 환경조건에 대한 연구 자료가 필요하며 서식지 모형, 생태모형, hybrid 모형 등 경관생태모형을 활용한 분석이 필요하다. 이러한 한계와 더불어 본 연구의 분석 결과는 제주도 한라산국립공원과 육상 생태계에 제한되어 있어 해안 생태계 보호지역 확대를 위한 정책적 활용에 한계를 갖는다. 또한 한라산 주변의 우수한 육상 생태계에 대한 자료 부족으로 생태계 연결성 분석이 포함되지 않았다. 향후 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위하여 주요 멸종위기종 및 고유종에 대한 이동 거리 연구 및 이를 고려한 서식지 모형 개발과 적용이 필요하다. Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD) has strongly encouraged the Parties to achieve Aichi Biodiversity Target 11, which calls for retaining at least 17% protected areas of terrestrial ecosystem. However, the terrestrial protected area of Republic of Korea (ROK) is 15.5%, and ROK needs to increase by 1.5% by 2020. For this, this research 1) developed an approach to identify ecologically important areas at local scales, especially for National Parks, 2) suggested that the results were applied to policy-making processes to extend the protected areas, and 3) showed the effectiveness of this methodology by applying it to the Jeju-do ecosystem in the Republic of Korea (ROK).While most developed countries have considered various biotic and abiotic factors, ecological processes, migration routes, habitat connectivity, ecosystem services, etc. to determinate the protected areas, ROK has considered a few factors focusing on biodiversity, landscape, and the habitats of endangered organisms. However, for sustainable management of our nature, we need comprehensive understanding of various ecosystem factors and interactions among them at local scales in designating protected areas. For this, we first developed a spatial model based on the ecological engineering approach and then applied this model to the Jeju-do ecosystem to find out ecologically important areas and suggested the priority area for a novel protected area. In particular, we considered future land-use change as well as the current land cover in determining the priority area for the novel protected area. The results showed that the priority areas were mostly distributed around the Hallasan National Park in Jeju-do and suggested these areas should urgently be included in the Hallasan National Park.Our research suggested an effective methodology 1) to include various ecosystem factors and 2) to consider future environmental changes as well as current environmental conditions in finding the ecologically important areas and prioritizing these areas. For example, our case study implemented for the Jeju-do ecosystem could show the priority areas to be designated as the protected areas for conservation and sustainable use of the Jeju-do ecosystem. This result could be used as the fundamental information for the future development plans of Jeju-do. However, our approach has limitations on the real-world applications due to lack of fundamental information and data on our ecosystems. To improve the effectiveness of our approach in the real-world applications, we need various long-term ecological research results, environmental and ecological monitoring data, and both current and future spatial environmental data.

생태적 지위(Ecological Niche) 이론에 대한 검토 및 제언

구경아 ( Kyung Ah Koo ),박선욱 ( Seon-uk Park ) 한국환경생태학회 2021 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.35 No.4

본 연구에서는 생태적 지위 이론(개념과 정의)의 시대별 변화를 검토하여 이를 바탕으로 동식물의 서식지 관련 연구에 이론적 토대를 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 1900년대부터 현재까지 진행되고 있는 국내·외 생태적 지위에 대한 시대별 주요 논의 동향을 검토하고 분석·정리하였다. 생태학이 발달한 미국, 유럽 등에서는 생태적 지위 이론에 대한 이론적, 실증적 연구가 1900년대 초부터 현재까지 지속해서 이루어지고 있다. 특히, 1900년대 초를 생태적 지위 개념이 태동한 시기라고 한다면 1900년대 중반은 개념이 성장한 시기고, 1900년대 중반에서 후반까지는 개념이 고도화된 시기다. 이렇게 고도화된 개념은 2000년대 접어들어 다양한 기술과 연구 방법 및 분야의 발달에 따라 적용 분야에 따라 다양화가 진행되었다. 이러한 논의를 종합하면, 한 종의 생태적 지위를 정의하는데 고려되어야 할 요소는 1) 대상종의 개체군 동태, 2) 개체군을 유지할 수 있는 모든 생물적 환경 조건(먹이망 상의 먹이 관계와 물질 흐름), 3) 개체군을 유지할 수 있는 모든 비생물적 환경 조건(물리적 환경 조건), 4) 대상종과 생물, 비생물 환경 인자와 이들 환경 인자 간의 모든 직·간접적 상호작용, 5) 대상종의 이동 능력이나 유전적 다양성과 변화에 의한 적응력 등을 포함하는 대응 및 적응 메커니즘 등이었다. 국외의 상황과 달리 국내에서는 생태적 지위에 대한 충분한 이론적, 철학적, 실증적 고찰이 이루어지지 않았다. 그린넬, 엘튼, 허친슨에 의해 제시된 개념과 정의가 선택적으로 일부만 소개되거나, 용어에 관한 설명 없이 단순히 차용되고 있었다. 생태적 지위 이론이 서식지 기반의 생물종 보전과 복원을 위한 토대가 된다는 점에서 생태적 지위에 대한 이론적, 실증적 연구와 연구 방법의 다양화와 고도화 그리고 기술적 발전이 추진되어야 할 것이다. 이는 우리나라 생태학 분야의 학문적 발전뿐만 아니라 생태계와 생물다양성의 효과적이고 성공적인 보전 및 복원을 위한 정책 수립과 시행의 중요한 토대를 제공할 것이다. This study reviewed the change of theory of ecological niche(concepts and definitions) over time to provide a theoretical basis for habitat-related studies of animals and plants. Accordingly, it analyzed and summarized the major discussion trends of ecological niche worldwide in each period from the 1900s to the present. Countries advanced in ecological studies, such as the EU and the USA, have conducted theoretical and empirical studies on the ecological niche since the early 1990s. The concept of the ecological niche was introduced in the early 1900s, developed in the mid-1900s, and advanced from the mid-1900s to the late 1900s. Since the 2000s, the advanced concept has diversified with new developments in technologies and research methods. The factors suggested by theoretical and empirical studies in defining the ecological niche of a species include 1) population dynamics of the target species, 2) all biotic conditions to sustain a population (food relationship and material flow in the food chain), 3) all non-biotic conditions to sustain a population (physical environmental conditions), 4) all direct and indirect interactions between these environmental factors, and 5) response and adaptation mechanisms that include the migratory ability of the target species or genetic diversity and adaptability to change. Unlike such international advancement, there have not been sufficient theoretical, philosophical, and empirical studies of ecological niche in Korea. The concepts and definitions by Greennell, Elton, and Hutchinson were selectively and partially borrowed for empirical studies without full description. Considering that the theory of ecological niche becomes the foundation for habitat-based species conservation and restoration, it is necessary to seek diversification and advancement of theoretical and empirical research and research methods and technological development. It will provide an important foundation for the academic advancement of ecology and for establishing and implementing policies to preserve and restore ecology and biodiversity effectively and successfully in Korea.

기후변화 민감종 구상나무(Abies koreana Wilson) 연구 40년: 검토 및 제언

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