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지구성 운동시 탄수화물의 섭취가 혈장 유리지방산과 성장호르몬에 미치는 영향
공보경,김승환,이수천,강호율 한국운동영양학회 1999 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.3 No.2
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether carbohydrate consumption in untrained subjects could maintain a plasma glucose concentration during 1-h cycling exercise. In addition, it would be investigated whether this CHO supplementation could affect the plasma FFA and hGH levels. The six college male students volunteered for this study (age, 24.2±3.42 years; weight, 77.1±129 ㎏; height, 179.4±4.92 ㎝; VO_2max, 39.82±9.74 ㎖/㎏/min). The exercise regimen consisted of cycling for 60 min at 60% of VO_2max. Each subjects completed two randomly assigned treatments which were a water consumption(CON) and 6% carbohydrate solution(CHO). Each subject consumed 500 ㎖ CON or CHO 15 min prior to exercise. Either 150 ㎖ CON or CHO was consumed at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min of exercise. Plasma was analyzed for glucose, lactate, FFA, insulin, and hGH concentrations. The rates of carbohydrate and fat oxidation were determined from the expired gas analysis. The plasma glucose levels in CON were significantly decreased during exercise but, in CHO, were maintained during exercise. FFA levels were significantly increased during exercise, but this increments were significantly attenuated by carbohydrate consumption. During exercise, hGH in CON was significantly greater than that in CHO. Thus, CHO, donsumption significantly affected the release of hGH during exercise. Therefore, we concluded that, at moderate intensity exercise, the maintenance of plasma glucose level during exercise significantly prevented the increase to the plasma FFA level ahd hGH concentration.
CMOS Transistors with a 70-nm Gate Length for 0.13-μm-Node High-Performance Applications
Kyoung-Seok Rha,Dong-Hun Lee,Eun-Seung Jung,Hae-Kyung Kong,Hyae-Ryoung Lee,Jeong-Ho Lyu,Jeong-Hwan Yang,Jin-Suk Jung,Jung-A Choi,Kwang-Pyuk Suh,Young-Wug Kim 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.1
Conventional CMOS transistors for high performance with a 70-nm physical gate length were fabricated to evaluate the 130-nm-technology node. In this work, we enhanced the performance of transistors by using high-dose P+ implantation, a plasma-nitridation gas oxide, a hydrogen prebake (HPB), and a mechanical stress layer. We also reduced the overlap capacitances by using an oset spacer. The NMOS and PMOS have drive currents equal to 880 A/m and 420 A/m, respectively, with Ioff = 10 nA/m at Vdd = 1.2 V. The unit delay of the ring oscillator (1 fan-out) was 11.5 ps.
Kim, Myung Hwan,Lee, Eun Kyoung,Jun, Jin Hyuk,Han, Gui Young,Kong, Sang Jun,Lee, Byung Kwon,Lee, Tae-Jin,Yoon, Ki June 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.20 No.5
The amount of deposited carbon on activated carbons was adjusted by varying the space time and the time on stream. Carbon nuclei formation appeared to occur initially but was terminated soon and then the carbon crystallite growth became dominant. The methane decomposition rate over activated carbons had a nearly linear relationship with the amount of carbon deposited. This suggests that the carbon deposition occurs uniformly and the activity decreases due to pore blocking, resulting in loss of accessibility to the active sites. The rate was also nearly proportional to the surface area for the same kind of activated carbon, which is contrasted with the previous finding that no discernible trend was observed between the initial activity and the surface area among different kinds of the activated carbons.
정동환,문일영,이경무,김순복,정문호,김공수 서울大學校 保健大學院 1999 國民保健硏究所硏究論叢 Vol.9 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate the availability of chitosan as the preservative in food storage Chitosan has been known to be antibacterial but nontoxic to human body. In this study, the low molecular weight was added to the media of different optimal condition in which Staphyllococcus areus, Salmonella typhymurium, Echerichia coli O-157; H7 grew and antimicrobial characteristics were evaluated. Six different types of the low molecular weight chitosan(Mw. 10000, 30000, 40000, 50000, 60000, 90000) are tested for antimicrobial activities. For each molecular weight of chitosan, growth curve is represented as the series of CFU/ml(colony forming unit/ml) of each of three kinds of bacteria vs. the time of culture. Minimum inhibition concentration(MIC) was determined six kinds of chitosan as the concentration in which the bacteria had grown and above which of serial dilution the bacteria had not grown. From MIC experiment, the concentration of chitosan in the growth curve experiment could be determined. A half and a fourth of MIC was applied. S. typhimurium and E. coli O-157:H7 are more resistant than S. aureus to antimicrobial activity of chitosan, which proves the interspecies variability of susceptibility. The strength of growth inhibition was not different among five chitosan with different molecular weight and increased as the chitosan concentration increased. Compared with control to which no chitosan added, the lag phase was longer and the slope of exponential phase was less steep when chitosan added. Growth inhibition rate by chitosan was different somewhat according to the mixing ratio of chitosan solution to the bacterial solution but in all cases within three hours almost 100% of each bacteria was inhibited in growth. Therefore, chitosan is thought to be available to food preservation particularly when much antimicrobial effect is required in short period. From this study, it is shown that chitosan has considerable antibacterial activity and potential to be available as natural preservative in food storage in place of artificial preservatives.