Medicinal Chemistry : EVALUATION OF CADMIUM-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY USING URINARY METABOLOMIC PROFILES IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY MALE RATS

( Yu Kyung Lee ),( Eun Young Park ),( Shi Won Kim ),( Ji Yeon Son ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Won Gu Kang ),( Tae Chun Jeong ),( Kyu Bong Kim ),( Seung Jun Kwack ),( Jae Won Lee ),( Suh Mann Kim ),( Byung M 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

The aim of this study was to investigate urinary metabolomics profiles associated with cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity and their potential mechanisms. Metabolomic profiles were measured by high-resolution 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the urine of rats after oral exposure to CdCl2 (1, 5, or 25 mg/kg) for 6 wk. The spectral data were further analyzed by a multivariate analysis to identify specific urinary metabolites. Urinary excretion levels of protein biomarkers were also measured and CdCl2 accumulated dose-dependently in the kidney. High-dose (25 mg/kg) CdCl2 exposure significantly increased serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), but serum creatinine (sCr) levels were unchanged. High-dose CdCl2 (25 mg/kg) exposure also significantly elevated protein-based urinary biomarkers including osteopontin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), kidney injury molecules-1 (Kim-1), and selenium-bingding protein 1 (SBP1) in rat urine. Under these conditions, six urinary metabolites (citarate, serine, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, 4-hydroxyphentllactate, dimethylamine, and betaine) were involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. In addition, a few number of amino acids such as glycine, glutamate, tyrosine, proline, or phentlalanine and carbohydrate (glucose) were altered in urine afrer CdCl2 exposure. In particular, the metabolites involved in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway, including cysteine, serine, methionine, and glutamate, were markedly decreased compared to the control. Thus, these metabolites are potential biomarkers for detection of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. Our results further indicate that redox metabolomics pathways may be associated with Cd-mediated chronic kidney injury. These findings provide a biochemical pathway for better understanding of cellulat mechanism underlying Cd-induced renal injury in hunmans.

양극성 장애 환자에서 한국어판 Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale의 타당성 연구

왕희령,김상억,강시현,주연호,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.6

본 연구는 한국어판 BSDS의 민감도와 특이도, 최적의 절단값을 조사하기 위해 시행되었다. SCID를 사용하여 DSM-IV에 의거하여 진단된 양극성 장애 및 주요우울장애 환자들을 대상으로 본 연구를 시행하였고, 가장 적절한 절단값은 10점, 이 때의 특이도, 민감도는 각각 0.85, 0.73 수준으로 나왔다. 본 연구 결과를 통해, 한국어판 BSDS는 양극성 장애에 선별에 있어서 높은 민감도와 특이도를 지닌 타당성 있는 자가보고형 선별도구임이 밝혀졌다. Objectives : Because bipolar spectrum disorders frequently go unrecognized in clinical practice, sensitive screening tools for bipolar spectrum disorders are much needed. This study was conducted to confirm the validity of the Korean version of the Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale (BSDS), which was originally designed by Ronald Pies. Methods : The BSDS, which was translated into Korean by the authors, was dministered to patients with known bipolar disorders (N=60) and unipolar depressive disorders (N=27). Using various cut-off scores, we calculated the sensitivities and specificities of the Korean version of the BSDS in order to determine the optimal cut-off score. Results : In this study,a cut-off score of 10 was shown to be optima1, with a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 0.85, although a cut-off score of 13 was proposed to be optima1 by the original authors of the BSDS. Conclusion : These results indicate that the Korean version of the BSDS is a valid screening tool for bipolar spectrum disorder.

A New Stilbene Glucoside Gallate from the Roots of Polygonum multiflorum

Kim, Hyun-Ki,Choi, Yeon-Hee,Choi, Jae-Seok,Choi, Sang-Un,Kim, Young-Sup,Lee, Kang-Ro,Kim, Young-Kyoon,Ryu, Shi-Yong 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.10

A new stilbenoid (1) was isolated from the root extract of Polygonum multiflorum together with eight known constituents ($2{\sim}9$). The chemical structure of 1 was established as the 6"-O-monogalloyl ester of (E)-2,3,4',5-$\beta$-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside based on physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses, particularly by NMR spectroscopic data, i.e., COSY, HMQC and HMBC. Compound 1 weakly inhibited acetylcholinesterase in vitro.

Sox9 Increases the Proliferation and Colony-forming Activity of Outer Root Sheath Cells Cultured In Vitro.

Shi, Ge,Sohn, Kyung-Cheol,Kim, Soo-Yeon,Ryu, Eun-Kyoung,Park, Yeon-Suk,Lee, Young,Seo, Young-Joon,Lee, Jeung-Hoon,Kim, Chang Deok Korean Dermatological Association 2011 Annals of Dermatology Vol.23 No.2

<P>β-catenin plays a pivotal role in hair follicle development and hair growth cycle.</P>

부유두내 스텐트 삽입으로 호전된 재발성 췌장염을 동반한 분할 췌 1예

김현숙,김명환,장혜숙,서동완,민영일,정시정,김연석,명승재,나주옥,김해경,신은석 대한소화기내시경학회 1997 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.17 No.3

A 50-year-old woman presented with recurrent pancreatitis and pancreas divisum. Minor papilla sphincterotomy and endoscopic stent placement were done for the drainage of dorsal pancreatic duct. After stenting of the minor papilla, abdominal pain has disappeared and pancreatitis has not developed during 9 month follow-up.

Layer separation behavior in Ni-Zn-Cu Ferrite Green Sheets with Using Poly (butyl methacrylate) copolymer

Shi Yeon Kim,신효순 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2015 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.16 No.5

The increasing use of NFC antennae in mobile phones has led to the increase in usage of ferrite sheets. In accordance with the trend for mobile terminals to be high intensity and to have thinner layers, and the need for high-strength materials that can withstand external shocks has increased In this study, the manufacturing process of the green sheet was optimized by using PVB and acrylate binder in the ferrite sheet fabrication process. In this process, a skin forms on the sheet surface in the acrylate binder drying process. This phenomenon was determined to be caused by non-uniform drying due to the high Peclet number of the acrylate binder. In order to resolve this skin problem in the drying process, change in Tg was induced by varying the plasticizer content in the binder. Its relationship with the layer separation phenomenon was defined. As a result, layer separation was reduced by increasing the P/B ratio, and fabrication of a uniform sheet was possible when the P/B ratio was 0.5. Also, layer separation was reduced when using a binder of lower molecular weight among the various acrylate binders. This result was in good agreement with the reported effects related to the Peclet number. Furthermore, changes in the binder distribution state within the sheet, binder adhesion condition, and mechanical properties of the green sheet were observed according to the P/B ratio variation.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Mortality in Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients 50 Years of Age or Younger During the Delta Wave: Comparison With Patients > 50 Years in Korea

Shi Hye Jin,Nham Eliel,Kim Bomi,Joo Eun-Jeong,Cheong Hae Suk,Hong Shin Hee,Hyun Miri,Kim Hyun ah,Jang Sukbin,Rhee Ji-Young,Kim Jungok,Kim Sungmin,Cho Hyun Kyu,Wi Yu Mi,Cheon Shinhye,Kim Yeon-Sook,Lim 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.22

Background: Numerous patients around the globe are dying from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While age is a known risk factor, risk analysis in the young generation is lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and mortality risk factors in younger patients (≤ 50 years) with a critical case of COVID-19 in comparison with those among older patients (> 50 years) in Korea. Methods: We analyzed the data of adult patients only in critical condition (requiring high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy or higher respiratory support) hospitalized with PCR confirmed COVID-19 at 11 hospitals in Korea from July 1, 2021 to November 30, 2021 when the delta variant was a dominant strain. Patients’ electronic medical records were reviewed to identify clinical characteristics. Results: During the study period, 448 patients were enrolled. One hundred and forty-two were aged 50 years or younger (the younger group), while 306 were above 50 years of age (the older group). The most common pre-existing conditions in the younger group were diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and 69.7% of the patients had a body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2 . Of 142 younger patients, 31 of 142 patients (21.8%, 19 women) did not have these pre-existing conditions. The overall case fatality rate among severity cases was 21.0%, and it differed according to age: 5.6% (n = 8/142) in the younger group, 28.1% in the older group, and 38% in the ≥ 65 years group. Age (odds ratio [OR], 7.902; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.754–18.181), mechanical ventilation therapy (OR, 17.233; 95% CI, 8.439–35.192), highest creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL (OR, 17.631; 95% CI, 8.321–37.357), and combined blood stream infection (OR, 7.092; 95% CI, 1.061–18.181) were identified as independent predictors of mortality in total patients. Similar patterns were observed in age-specific analyses, but most results were statistically insignificant in multivariate analysis due to the low number of deaths in the younger group. The full vaccination rate was very low among study population (13.6%), and only three patients were fully vaccinated, with none of the patients who died having been fully vaccinated in the younger group. Seven of eight patients who died had a pre-existing condition or were obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2 ), and the one remaining patient died from a secondary infection. Conclusion: About 22% of the patients in the young critical group did not have an underlying disease or obesity, but the rate of obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2 ) was high, with a fatality rate of 5.6%. The full vaccination rate was extremely low compared to the general population of the same age group, showing that non-vaccination has a grave impact on the progression of COVID-19 to a critical condition. The findings of this study highlight the need for measures to prevent critical progression of COVID-19, such as vaccinations and targeting young adults especially having risk factors.

Recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 testing and organ procurement from deceased donors in the Republic of Korea

Kim Si-Ho,Wi Yu Mi,문치숙,Kang Ji-Man,Kim Minhwa,Kim Jungok,김종만,Seok Hyeri,Shi Hye Jin,Lee Su Jin,Lee Ji Yeon,Jeong Su Jin,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Huh Kyungmin,Lee Sang-Oh,Kim Sang Il 대한이식학회 2023 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.37 No.3

We present a summary of the evidence on testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and organ procurement from deceased donors and provide recommendations based on current clinical data and the guidelines from major transplant organizations. Because of the limited historical experience with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), certain recommendations in this document are based on theoretical rationales rather than clinical data. The recommendations in this manuscript may be subject to revision as subsequent clinical studies provide definitive evidence regarding COVID-19 in organ procurement.

Epigallocatechin Gallate Activates Phospholipase D in Glioma Cells

Kim, Shi-Yeon,Kim, Joonmo,Min, Do-Sik Korean Society of Life Science 2003 생명과학회지 Vol.13 No.6

녹차의 주성분인 에피갈로 갈레이트 (EGCG)는 건강에 이로운 효과로 나타내고 있는것으로 알려져 있어 많은 주목을 받고 있는 실정이다 본 연구에서는 처음으로 EGCG가, U87사람의 교세포에서 포스포리파제 D의 효소활성을 증가시킨다는 사실을 규명하였다. EGCG에 의한 포스포리파제 D의 활성화는 포스포리파제 C효소의 특이적인 억제제와 지질분해효소 활성이 억제제 포스포리파제 \gama1$의 변이체를 이용하여 실험한 결과 세포내 칼슘에 의존적인 양상을 보였주었다. 이러한 포스포리파제 D의 활성화는 아마도 칼슘 의존성 단백질 키나아제 II (CaM kinase II)를 통하여 일어나는것으로 여겨진다. 흥미롭게도, EGCG는 포스포리파제 \gama1$를 세포질에서 세포막으로의 이동을 유도하였으며, 포스포리파제 \gama1$와 PLD1의 결합을 유도하였음을 관찰하였다. 이상의 결과들을 종합하여 볼 때, EGCG가 사람의 교세포에서 포스포리파제 \gama1$-칼슘-CaM kinase II의 신호전달 경로를 통하여 포스포리파제 D의 활성을 유도하는 것으로 사료된다. Epigallocatechin-3 Gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, has attracted increasing interest because of its many reported health benefits. Here we demonstrate for the first time that EGCG stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity in U87 human astroglioma cells. EGCG-induced PLD activation was abolished by the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor and a lipase inactive PLC-\gama1$ mutant, and was dependent on intracellular $Ca^{ 2+}$, and possibly involved $Ca^{ 2+}$ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM kinase II). Interestingly, EGCG induced translocation of PLC-\gama1$ from the cytosol to the membrane and PLC-\gama1$interaction with PLD1. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that in human astroglioma cells, EGCG regulates PLD activity via a signaling pathway involving a PLC-\gama1$ (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-$Ca^{ 2+}$)-CaM kinase II-PLD pathway.

급성 상기도 감염에 속발한 경화부종 1예

김홍남,류광현,김소연,시석,김진욱,최동섭,황인섭,박병익,최병진,김학수,김윤권 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.3

저자들은 안면부 등의 경화를 주소로 내원한 28세 남자환자에서 당뇨병 등의 동반 질환이 없이 급성 상기도 감염에 속발하여 발생한 경화부종 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Scleredema is a rare connective tissue disease of unknown etiology and characterized by nonpitting thickening of subcutaneous tissue of the neck, face, head, upper trunk and arms. We present a 28 year-oldman with extensive skin changes following upper respiratory infection, who have not any concurrent disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Histopathological findings of skin showed normal epidermis with a widening of spaces between collagen bundles by infiltration of acid mucopolysaccharide in the dermis.