현대회화에서 신체성의 활용에 관한 연구

박기웅,Park Ki-Woong 한국조형예술학회 2004 조형예술학연구 Vol.6 No.-

Body means 1)the whole structure and substance of a man, animal, or plant 2) the trunk or torso of a man or animal 3) part of garment that covers the trunk 4) the fresh or material substance, as opposed to the spirit. Human body could be distinguished as fresh and spirit. Body has the meaning of physicality. Physical means the bodily and constitution, but in the meaning of constitution there is the content of spirituality. Physicality means the appearing or arising of trace or image or nuance of body. The paintings which are using bodies are 1) directly draw bodies 2) twisting or transformation or nuance of the body and highly upgrade the physical emotion or fantastic bodily nuance 3) directly rubbing artist's body on the surface of painting with pigments to elect tactile specification. These physical art have appeared broadly by various artists, mainly with the social aspects of sex, drug, psycho sexual issues. In case of Joel peter Whitkin, the reason of strong physicality in the art is from the mind of the rejection and resistance of real world which is targeting top, perfect and beauty. Further explanation, being the world which is separated top and under, men and women, beauty and ugly; further in the situation, the hierarchy, terror and pressure began and many difficult problems has derived. The contents of attacking feminists's art works are very obscene to reveal female and male's phallus strongly. Sometime, it is strongly related in the political issues. The physical paintings have strong meanings in the action by hands and feet. It supports that it could reveal the humanity with smell, breath, and traces of bodies. In the bodies, the origin of life begins which gives human life by blood lines and water. Sometime, the physical paintings are made by the blood and urine to stick the physicality for special nuance. The physical paintings are made by the image of penis and clitoris which are related in the image of urinating, ejaculation and sometime is symbolized as pens and candles to drop liquid. The selected painters who are related in physical painting are Jackson Pollock, Andrea Serano, Eve Klein, Francis Bacon, Francesco Clemente, Lichard Long, Jakes & Dinos Chapman, Anselm Kiefer, Kiki Smith and Park, Ki Woong. Francis Bacon's style is destructive in representing human shapes which give us special message about the unbearable activity of men politician, high brain, wealthy and religious people. Francesco Clemente's method is to use throat, ear hole, mouse, clitoris, belly nostrils and every holes of body to transmute human physical body. Lichard Long uses directly his body in drawing the surface of painting by using liquid of mud Jakes & Dinos Chapman destroys or transforms the bodies of human. It sometime appears wrong location of the bodies that the penis and vulva is in between human faces or nose of women, Anselm Kiefer uses human hair for representing the human decaying martyrs, and indirectly using straw, he gives special ritual action to repent the Nazi's fault. From 2002 to 2003, Park KI Woong used women womb images to intermingle the smoke shape of <9.11 terror, 2001> in New York to reveal the painful situation of the time(*).

21세기 美術敎育의 方向에 대한 小考

박기웅 서울교육대학교 2000 한국초등교육 Vol.12 No.1

Looking at the change of art from 19th century-ends to 20 century art, the epesteme changed greatly. Especially, when the term between 19th century-end and first part of 20th century, numerous Isms had been appeared and was replaced to other Isms during only a decade. As the term, considering about present time, millenium is changing period, more changes would be prospected. As we studied as above, as the great society changes were happen, for example world war or Ideology collapse, the art had been changed, so that we could imagine the 21st Century Art Education would be changed greatly. And when we consider the recent educational conditions, there are shortness to cover up the changes. However, even though we're in these situation, if the teachers, who has the responsibility to give the righteous worthiness in the field service, were awakened, there will be good result. Actually, the teachers who are active in the first line scarcely has the opportunity to meet ultramodern arts, and even though they are having it, the possibility to be educated and to teach them is very rare, because of the short of their intellectual background. Therefore, their need be educated is pre-notice the procedure of the 21st century artistic epesteme, and to teach their students to have the real information. Because of the development of science and technology, 21st century art will be constructed ultramodern styles; it seems that the hand over the reins to epesteme is very quickly done. As the beginning of 1980, the methodology of destructionalim is up to the ground and be the century-end art's point; so the 21st century art will be constructed by it and the great change will be continued as last century-end. Moreover, the concept of the genre is more destructed and be expected the more experimental methodology will be appearing. Through the development of artificial Intelligence and Genom Project and the study of gene, new worth is constructed; and through the understood of the nature of life and body, it seems that various arts, which are related as these idea, will be developed. Therefore, the 21st century art education will be performed as the understanding of this future reality. The education specialists, who will undertake these tasks, are needed. And the system to teach the art genius are also needed. The necessity to teach these talented students and the teaching systems will be surely considered. And the other specialists who are supposed to record and support these systems are surely cultivated. The investment among the real education and the studies of these systems and the procedure to construct the infra to be able to change the 21st century art education.

Two numeral classifier constructions in Korean

박기성,윤웅진 부산대학교 사범대학 1995 교사교육연구 Vol.31 No.-

한국어에 있어서의 두 가지 수 분류어 구문(numeral classifier construction)의 특성을 알아 보는 것이 논문의 주목적이다. 먼저, 언어유형으로 볼 때 분류어 구문이 둘 이상의 어순적 순서로 나타나는 것은, 흔하지 않는 현상이라는 점이 지적되고 있다. 둘째, 이 두 가지 구문이 통시적으로 한 구문에서 다른 구문으로 변한다는 학자들의 주장이 한국어 데이터 상으로 증명된다. 셋째, 두 구문을 공시적으로 다루었다. 이 공시성에서는 2 가지의 특성 즉 두 구문의 문법 역할의 차이와 격확산(case spreading)에서의 차이점과 화용론적 인지적인 측면에서의 차이점을 다루고 있다. 넷째, 이러한 두 구문의 차이점을 염두에 두면서, 텍스트 분석을 하였다. 분석의 결과는 대략 다음과 같다. 숫자 정보가 새로운 정보일 때 "명사-분류어" 구문이 쓰이고, 중심명사 앞의 수식어와 함께 쓰일 때와 나열할 때 "명사-분류어"구문이 자주 쓰이고, 지시 받은 자의 "개인성"이 중요한가 아닌가에 따라, 중요할 때는 "분류어-명사" 구문이 많이 쓰이는 경향이 있었다.

포자사이트 형태의 분자체 내에 포함된 메틸렌 블루에 대한 광음향 분광학적 연구

박동호,이기웅 인제대학교 1994 仁濟論叢 Vol.10 No.2

광원부분, 광음향셀, 그리고 검출부분으로 구성된 광음향 분광기(PAS)를 자체 제작하였다. 포자사이트 형태의 분자체 내에 포함된 메틸렌 블루(MB+)를 연구하기 위해 광음향 분광기를 이용하였다. 양이온 염료인 메틸렌 블루를 수용액 상에서 이온교환시켜서 분자체의 세공 내에 흡착시켰다. NaY 제올라이트에 흡착된 메틸렌 블루의 단량체(∼670nm), 이합체(∼620nm) 그리고 양성자화된 단량체(∼760nm)의 존재를 광음향 스펙트럼으로 확인하였다. 합성된 SAPO-37내에서는 MBH2+가 존재하지 않았으며 NaY보다 이합체의 비율이 많이 감소하였다. 세공 내 흡착된 메틸렌 블루의 단량체-이합체 평형상태에 대한 물 분자의 영향을 조사하였다. 수용액상에서 메틸렌 블루의 단량체-이합체 평형상수는 약 4×104 정도이다. 그러나 NaY 세공 내에서의 평형상수는 10이하의 값을 나타내며 SAPO-37은 1정도였다. 탈수시킨 NaY에서는 이합체의 비가 급격히 줄어들었으며 760nm부근의 MBH2+와 단량체의 비가 증가하였다. 이합체 감소 비율은 단량체와 MBH2+의 증가 비율의 합과 같았다. SAPO-37의 경우에는 표면의 친수성 때문에 탈수 시에도 이합체-단량체 비율이 거의 일정하게 유지되었다. Photoacoustic spectrometer consisting of light source part, photoacoustic cell part, and detecting part was constructed. Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) technique was applied to carry out the study on the inclusion of methylene blue (MB+) in faujasite structure molecular sieves. The PA spectra of MB+ adsorbed in NaY zeolite by ion-exchange show the presence of the monomer (ca. 670nm), the dimer(ca. 620nm), and the protonated monomer(ca. 760nm) . Though MB has the inherent tendency to dimerize in aqueous media, dimer/monomer area ratio was less than 10 because the supercage of hydrated Y zeolite is narrowly capable of just inclusion of the dimer. The dehydration process within NaY zeolite leads to the water dissociation. While the shielding proton in hydrated sample could not contribute to the protonation of MB+, the unshielded one in dehydrated sample reacted easily with MB+ to form the MBH2+. In case of SAPO-37, dimer/monomer ratio was about 1 and did not change during dehydration due to somewhat smaller pore than NaY and hydrophillicity of surface.

알레르기 피부 반응 검사시 판독 시간에 따른 팽진의 크기 변화

박장규,윤소영,이웅재,서기범,이증훈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.2

There have been several positive criteria for skin prick test, which has been most commonly used in the diagnosis of allergic diseases. Among them, comparing wheal size induced by allergen to that induced by histamine is logical for criteria of skin prick test positivity. We measured the wheal sizes induced by histamine and various causative allergens with five minutes interval, from 5 minutes to 40 minutes, and compared of the time which the wheal size of both reached at peak. The followings were the summary of the findings. 1. Maximal sizes of wheals induced by histamine reached at 12 minutes in average. 2. Maximal sizes of wheals induced by allergens reached at 15 minutes in average. 3. There was no statistical difference between the time of maximal size of wheal induced by histamine and causative allergen.

혈중납이 흰쥐의 Microsomal Cytochrome P-450 Monooxygenase 활성도에 미치는 영향

박기현,장성근,윤영안,김기웅,박종안 순천향대학교 1993 논문집 Vol.16 No.3

In rats treated with lead nitrate and/or red ginseng extract mixture we observed a change in the level of hepatic cytochrome P-450 and electron transport system for P-450 dependent reaction, and content of Zincprotoporphyrin(ZPP) and Hemoglobin(Hb) in whole blood. The content of cytochrome P-450 and ?? , and the activity of ECHEase, AHHase and NADPH-cytochrome C(p-450) reductase were slowly decreased according to the dosage of lead nitrate. On the other hand, the activity of ?? reductase was increased according to the dosage of lead nitrate, but in case of treatment with red ginseng mixture, this enzyme activity was slightly decreased. In whole blood, the content of hemoglobin and ZPP were not shown any critival change but lead content increased according to dosage of lead nitrate. These results suggest that content and activity of cytochrome P-450-dependent monoxygenase may be dependent on specificity of substrates, and the acute exposure of lead nitrate and red ginseng extract mixture was not affected any biological significance.

필기체 숫자인식의 최적 신경망 구조 설계를 위한 개선된 유전자 알고리즘

박찬란,김향태,정재영,위승정,최봉한,최호진,이웅기 조선대학교 통계연구소 1999 統計硏究所論文誌 Vol.1 No.1

본 논문에서는 필기체 숫자인식의 최적 신경망 구조 설계를 위하여 유전자 알고리즘과 역전파 알고리즘을 병합하는 방법을 이용하였으며, 유전자 알고리즘은 유전인자의 역할에 따라 독립적으로 적응하는 개선된 선택, 교배, 돌연변이 연산자를 제안하였다. 실험결과는 유전인자의 역할에 적응하는 개선된 연산자들의 실행으로 최적의 신경망 구조를 설계하였고, 설계된 신경망 구조에서의 학습이 가장 좋은 성능을 나타내었다. In this study, the method of using both genetic algorithm and back propagation is proposed to design the structure of optimal neural network recognizing handwritten digits. Improved selection, crossover and mutation operator which can control the genetic algorithm independently according to the role of gene are used in the proposed method. Simulation result shows that the neural network of this method can search effectively the optimal hidden node numbers, connection weight, learning rate and the momentum because of above proposed operators.

급성 편도염 치료에 있어서 Loracarbef의 효과

나기상,성열웅,박찬일 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1996 충남의대잡지 Vol.23 No.1

The treatment of upper respiratory tract infection requires an agent with marked increased activity against broad sprectrum of pathogens, including β-lactamase producing bacteria. Loracarbef, a member of the carbacephem class of antibiotics resistant to β-lactamase producing pathogens, was evaluated for its efficacy and safety in the treatment of acute tonsillitis in adults. 30 patients with acute tonsillitis were given 200mg of loracarbef twice daily for 7 days. All patients were evaluated for the presence and severity of two subjective symptoms (sore throat and swallowing difficulty) and two objective signs (fever and throat injection) before and after the treatment. Overall clinical responses were assessed as : cure ; improvement ; relapse ; or failure. Of the 30 patients, 29 (97%) patients had a successful clinical responses (cure or improvement), 1 patient experienced a relapse, and there were no clinical failures. Loracarbef was well tolerated in all patients, although 1 patient complained of mild nausea. Our results indicate that loracarbef is a safe and effective alternative agent for the treatment of patients with acute tonsillitis.

한국인 임신부에 있어서 영양소의 역가측정

최기영,김웅철,박기현,배도환 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1982 中央醫大誌 Vol.7 No.2

Animal and human studies indicated that inadequate diet for a prolonged period during pregnancy could injure mother, child, or both. In order to prevent this problem, maternal nutyitional status during pregnancy is very important and the evaluation of nutrition during pregnancy have been preceded by many authors in another countries. In Korea, nutrient intake studies of the pregnant women and nutrition surveys in adult by biochemical method have been performed, but there are no data nutrition surveys of Korean pregnant women have been made by biochemical method. In this regard, an exact biochemical titer of the nutrients and the degree of nutrient deficits in Korean pregnant women are needed. In this study, the mean titer of some nutrients and the degree of nutrient deficits by biochemical method in Korean pregnant women were assessed. The objected materials were consisted of 30 cases which had visited the departmant of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Chung Ang University Hospital for antenatal care(32wk-40wk) from March, 1981 to June, 1981. The cases with twin pregnancy, and the cases complicated with materal chronic wasting disease, diabetes, hydroamniosis, hypertensive disorder in pregnancy were excluded in this study. The results were as follows: 1. Mean titer of 6 hours urine execretion of thiamine, riboflavin and N'-methylniacinamide in Korean pregnant women was 44㎍, 466㎍, and 2.33㎎. 2. Mean titer of serum vitamin A, carotene, vitamin C, total protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron and total lipid was 48.1㎍, 154.7㎍, 0.8㎎, 7.0g, 9.8㎎ 3.5㎎, 93㎍, and 578㎎. 3. Percentage of nutrient deficits in Korean pregnant women based on the mean titer of Korean adults was as follow; thiamine-20%, N'-methylniacinamide-7%, total protein-5%, calcuim13%, iron-19%. 4. No cases were deficient in riboflavin, carotene, phosphorus, total lipid and the mean titer of riboflavin and carotene in Korean pregnant women were high compared with thw mean titer of Korean adults.

전남쌀의 가격차별화 현황과 발전방향

이기웅,허상만,박준근,구자옥 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1996 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.31 No.-

Competitiveness of rice comes from higher quality and lower price. The latter accrues from cost reduction which is in turn possible through the economies of scale. Economies of scale is, however, very difficult to achieve because of small-scaleness of rice acreage in Chonnam Province and expensive land price. Therefore, rice competitiveness should be complemented by utilizing quality differentiation both vertically and horizontally. Chonnam rice is somehow treated as a lemon good among the metropolitan consumers like in Seoul. It is a problem to be coped with. According to our research results, Chonnam rice carried the lowest price in the rice markets of the big cities. In Taegu city, Chonnam branded rice was not sold at the department stores, and it was sold only at one place in Pusan. In other words, Chonnam rice is treated as a lemon good and shunned by some localities across the nation. In order to remedy this unfavorable situation, Chonnam rice should be differentiated both vertically and horizontally in terms of variety selection, storage, milling and processing, packaging, etc. Especially, development of new brands and quality guarantee is ncccss. Besides, both publicizing and improving rice quality should be emphasized to promote Chonnam rice at the national level.