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Kebede Taye Desta,윤혜명(Hyemyeong Yoon),신명재(Myoung-Jae Shin),이수경(Sukyeung Lee),Xiaohan Wang,최유미(Yu-Mi Choi),전영아(Young-ah Jeon),주영광(YoungKwang Ju),이정윤(JungYoon Yi) 한국작물학회 2023 한국작물학회지 Vol.68 No.3
Seed color is controlled by several genes and is a key trait in determining the metabolite content and biological activities of legume genotypes. In this study, 296 adzuki bean accessions, including 159 grey, 99 red, and 38 white adzuki beans, were grown in Korea. Variations in total phenolic content (TPC), total saponin content (TSC), DPPH• scavenging activity, ABTS•+ scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were assessed and were reported to be in the ranges of 1.52- 8.24 mg GAE/g, 14.36-114.22 mg DE/g, 0.23-12.84 mg AAE/g, 1.05-17.66 mg TE/g, and 0.59-13.14 mg AAE/g, respectively, with a wide variation across adzuki beans. Except for DPPH• scavenging activity, the average values declined in the order gray > red > white adzuki beans, each demonstrating a significant variation (p < 0.05). White adzuki beans, which showed low metabolite content and antioxidant activity, were clearly separated from the gray and red genotypes using principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses. Moreover, TPC, TSC, and antioxidant activities were strongly correlated, regardless of seed color. Overall, the diversity of the TPC, TSC, and antioxidant activity in a broad population of adzuki bean genotypes was determined. Furthermore, this study found that seed color variation in adzuki beans had a significant effect on the metabolite content and antioxidant activity. Superior accessions with high levels of TPC, TSC, and antioxidant activity were also discovered and could be used for functional plant breeding and human consumption. The findings of this study may be useful for understanding the relationship between seed coat color and metabolite concentration in adzuki beans, paving the way for molecular-level analyses.
Kebede Taye Desta,최유미,이정윤,이석영,신명재,Xiaohan Wang,윤혜명 한국작물학회 2023 한국작물학회지 Vol.68 No.1
Adzuki beans have gained popularity in recent years due to their health benefits. Breeding of Adzuki beans is less favorable than with other legumes due to low genetic diversity. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 252 adzuki bean germplasms from China, Japan, and Korea using 18 agro-morphological parameters and comparing their performance to three prominent Korean cultivars: Geomguseul, Arari, and Chungjupat. Leaf shape, pod color, and seed coat color were among the qualitative traits that showed wide variations. The quantitative variables also showed wide variations among adzuki bean germplasms. Although there was no significant difference (p < 0.05), the average rate of germination declined in the order of Korean (91.44%) > Chinese (91.31%) > Japanese (87.47%) adzuki beans. Chinese adzuki beans needed fewer days to flower (DF, 58.22 days) and days to mature (DM, 107.13 days), which varied significantly compared to the Korean and Japanese adzuki beans (p < 0.05). The average number of pods per plant (PPP) and one-hundred seeds weight (HSW) were higher in Japanese adzuki beans compared to the Korean and Chinese adzuki beans although the variation of each was not significant. Almost 29.76% of the accessions had early-blooming flowers, 3.97% were premature, 21.43% produced more PPP, and 3.97% yielded more SPP compared to control cultivars. Results of hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses revealed three clusters with significant variation in all quantitative variables except for RG (p < 0.05). The key factors in multivariate analyses were DF, DM, and HSW. Our study investigated the genetic diversity of adzuki bean accessions and identified ten early maturing and ten high PPP-yielding accessions. Our findings would help farmers and breeders to select the top-performing accessions that can provide them with various options.
밀 유전자원의 농업형질과 SSR마커를 이용한 다양성 분석
신명재(Myoung-Jae Shin),오미애(Miae Oh),김경민(Kyung-Min Kim),왕샤오한(Xiaohan Wang),김성훈(Seong-Hoon Kim),한세희(Seahee Han),Kebede Taye Desta(Kebede Taye Desta ),최유미(Yu-Mi Choi),윤혜명(Hye-myeong Yoon),이윤정(Yoonjung Lee) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.4
Breeders typically use core collections of a specific trait or core collections selected by a few genotypes to efficiently select breeding materials or to study functional genes. As a result, many accessions have been deemed redundant or duplicated and are no longer considered for use. This study aimed to investigate the agronomical characteristics and genetic diversity of 1,514 previously unused and unstudied wheat germplasms and to confirm their value as breeding materials using population structure analysis. The performance of these wheat germplasms was compared with that of 8,878 wheat breeding materials and 72 known Korean wheat cultivars. The results of agronomic trait diversity comparison showed that the germplasm populations used for breeding research did not completely encompass the unused germplasm populations. The agronomic traits of wheat germplasms varied greatly. ANOVA and PCA results revealed the greatest differences in growth habits (CV=0.339), panicle length (CV=0.330), and awn length (CV=0.296). To accurately assess the value of unused wheat germplasms as breeding materials, 106 SSR markers were extracted from the analysis of four representative Korean cultivars: Geuru, Geumgang, Uri, and Jokyoung. Among these, 24 SSR markers were chosen, and 129 wheat resources were subjected to population structure analysis, which revealed five subpopulations. Most of the 34 germplasms that originated in Korea were distributed in subpopulation 1 (18 accessions, 52.9%) and subpopulation 4 (12 accessions, 35.3%). Subgroups 2, 3, and 5 differed significantly in agronomic traits and genotypes, indicating their potential as breeding materials. The findings of this study could serve as a foundation for breeders and aid in the discovery and utilization of new wheat breeding materials.
Xiaohan Wang(Xiaohan Wang),Yu-Mi Choi(Yu-Mi Choi),Sukyeung Lee(Sukyeung Lee),Myoung-Jae Shin(Myoung-Jae Shin),Jung Yoon Yi(Jung Yoon Yi),Kebede Taye Desta(Kebede Taye Desta ),Hyemyeong Yoon(Hyemyeong 한국자원식물학회 2022 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.35 No.6
Traditional germplasms are unsuitable for mechanized production, limiting adzuki bean production. The creation of cultivars that can be harvested by mechanized means is an urgent task for breeders. The bottom pod height (BPH), lodging resistance, and synchronous maturing of adzuki beans are critical factors for the reduction of losses due to mechanized harvesting. In this study, 14 traits of 806 adzuki bean accessions were analyzed. All growth stages and the yield, lodging score, and synchronous maturing correlated negatively with the BPH. These negative correlations reflect the increased difficulty of breeding to simultaneously satisfy the needs for no lodging, high synchronous maturing rates, BPHs > 10 ㎝, and high yield. We screened three germplasms with no lodging, high synchronous maturing rates, and BPHs > 10 ㎝ that were used as mechanization-adapted breeding material for crossing with high-yield cultivars. Agronomic trait diversity in adzuki beans was also examined in this study. Principal component and cluster analyses were conducted for 806 germplasms resulting in three clusters with the yield and three growth stage traits serving as the main discriminating factors. Cluster 1 included high-yield germplasms with the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pod being the major discriminant factors. Cluster 2 included germplasms with long growth periods and large 100-seed weights while cluster 3 contained germplasms with high BPHs. In general, the characteristics that make mechanical harvesting feasible and those assessed in this study could be utilized to choose and enhance adzuki beans production.
김이수,이성중,최진영,김윤희,Kebede Taye Desta,Zhe Piao,최수림,남상집,강경윤,A. M. Abd El-Aty,신용철,신성철 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.7
b-N-acetylglucosamine (β-AG) is a monosaccharidedistributedwidely in living organisms with various pivotalroles. The presence of particulates and impurities can affect thesafety and efficacy of a product for its intended duration of use. Thus, the current studywas carried out to identify and quantifythe potentially-harmful process related impurities; namely α-N,6-diacetylglucosamine (α-DAG) and a-N-acetylglucosamine(α-AG), derived from the chemical and enzymaticsynthesis of β-AG. The impurities were characterized using ahigh resolution mass spectrometry, a nuclear magnetic resonancespectroscopy, and liquid chromatography-tandem massspectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The developed method showed agood linearity (R2 ≥ 0.998), satisfactory precision (≤B6.1 %relative standard deviation), intra- and inter-day accuracy(88.20–97.50 %), extraction recovery (89.30–110.50 %),matrix effect (89.70–105.20 %), and stability (92.70–101.60 %). The method was successfully applied to determinethe level ofa-DAGthatwas 3.04 and 0.07 %of the totalb-AG,following chemical and enzymatic methods, respectively. Itcan be concluded that the enzymatic rather than the chemicalmethod is more efficient for the synthesis of β-AG. Characterizationof impurities heeds the signal for acquiring andevaluating data that establishes biological safety.
Xiaohan Wang,이명철,최유미,김성훈,한세희,Kebede Taye Desta,윤혜명,이윤정,오미애,이정윤,신명재,김경민 한국작물학회 2021 한국작물학회지 Vol.66 No.4
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is widely cultivated in tropical regions worldwide owing to its high nutritional value. Finger millet is more tolerant against biotic and abiotic stresses such as pests, drought, and salt than other millet crops; therefore, it was proposed as a candidate crop to adapt to climate change in Korea. In 2019, we used expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of 102 finger millet accessions from two geographical regions (Africa and South Asia) to identify appropriate accessions and enhance crop diversity in Korea. In total, 40 primers produced 116 alleles, ranging in size from 135 to 457 bp, with a mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.18225. Polymorphism was detected among the 40 primers, and 13 primers were found to have PIC values > 0.3. Principal coordinate and phylogenetic analyses, based on the combined data of both markers, grouped the finger millet accessions according to their respective collection areas.Therefore, the 102 accessions were classified into two groups, one from Asia and the other from Africa. We have conducted an in-depth study on the finger millet landrace pedigree. By sorting out and using the molecular characteristics of each pedigree, it will be useful for the management and accession identification of the plant resource. The novel SSR markers developed in this study will aid in future genetic analyses of E. coracana.
전영아,곽순화,최유미,윤혜명,신명재,천호선,최시은,모영준,강천식,Kebede Taye Desta 한국작물학회 2023 한국작물학회지 Vol.68 No.4
Developing improved wheat varieties is vital for global food security to meet the rising demand for food. Therefore, assessing the genetic diversity across wheat genotypes is crucial. This study examined the diversity of 168 durum wheat and 47 common wheat collections from 54 different countries using twelve agro-morphological parameters. Geumgang, a prominent Korean common wheat variety, was used as a control. Both qualitative and quantitative agronomical characteristics showed wide variations. Most durum wheats were shown to possess dense spikes (90%), while common wheats showed dense (40%) or loose (38%) spikes, with yellowish-white being the dominant spike color. The majority of the accessions were awned regardless of wheat type, yellowish-white being the main awn color. White or red kernels were produced, with white kernels dominating in both common (74%) and durum (79%) wheats. Days to heading (DH) and days to maturity (DM) were in the ranges of 166–215 and 208–250 days, respectively, while the culm length (CL), spike length (SL), and awn length (AL) were in the ranges of 53.67–163, 5.33–18.67, and 0.50–19.00 cm, respectively. Durum wheats possessed the shortest average DH, DM, and SL, while common wheat had the longest CL and AL (p < 0.05). Common wheats also exhibited the highest average one-thousand-kernel weight. Hierarchical cluster analysis, aided by principal component analysis, grouped the population into seven clusters with significant differences in their quantitative variables (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this research revealed diversity among common and durum wheat genotypes. Notably, 26 durum wheat and 17 common wheat accessions outperformed the control, offering the potential for developing early-maturing, high-yielding, and lodging-resistant wheat varieties.